PBDB Taxon

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Chironominae

Insecta - Diptera - Chironomidae

Taxonomy

Chironominae was named by Macquart (1838). It is extant. Its type is Chironomus.

It was assigned to Chironomidae by Kieffer (1906), Seredszus and Wichard (2007), Doitteau and Nel (2007), Giłka (2010), Giłka and Zakrzewska (2013), Zakrzewska and Giłka (2014), Giłka et al. (2016), Zakrzewska et al. (2016), Giłka and Zakrzewska (2018), Giłka and Zakrzewska (2020), Giłka et al. (2021), Baranov and Haug (2021), Zakrzewska and Jankowska (2021) and Giłka et al. (2023).

Subtaxa

Asiatendipini, Bythomyia, Chironomini (syn. Tendipedini), Cladopelma, Frutexitendipini, Fushunitendipini, Hamicaudini, Lacusitendipini, Longicopulini, Phaenopsectra, Pseudochironomini, Tanytarsini

Synonyms

Longicopulini was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Chironominae by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Longicopula was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Longicopula xilutianensis was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Longipedia was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Longipedia longa was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Lacusitendipini was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Chironominae by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Lacusitendipes was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Lacusitendipes latus was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Maculitendipes was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Maculitendipes sinabarius was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Chaititendipes was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Chaititendipes badius was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Frutexitendipini was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Chironominae by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Frutexitendipes was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Frutexitendipes dongzhouheensis was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Noditendipes was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Noditendipes guchengziensis was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Dongbeitendipes was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Dongbeitendipes foliolatus was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Hamicaudini was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Chironominae by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Hamicaudus was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Hamicaudus osteneus was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Yangitendipes was named by Hong (2002).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).
Yangitendipes longivalvatus was named by Hong (2002). It is an inclusion in amber. Its type locality is Xilutian coal mine, Fushun amber (post-1980 collection), which is in a Ypresian terrestrial amber in China.

It was considered a nomen nudum by Hong (2002) and Hong (2002).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1838	Chironominae Macquart
1906	Chironominae Kieffer p. 7
2002	Longicopula Hong p. 181
2002	Longicopulini Hong p. 181
2002	Longicopula xilutianensis Hong p. 182 figs. Pl 15, figs 1,2; text-fig 2.7.66-85
2002	Longipedia Hong p. 187
2002	Longipedia longa Hong p. 188 figs. Pl 16, fig 3; text-fig 2.7.86-93
2002	Lacusitendipes Hong p. 190
2002	Lacusitendipini Hong p. 190
2002	Lacusitendipes latus Hong p. 191 figs. Pl 17, fig 1; text-fig 2.7.98-107
2002	Maculitendipes Hong p. 194
2002	Maculitendipes sinabarius Hong p. 194 figs. Pl 17, fig 3; text-fig 2.7.108-117
2002	Chaititendipes Hong p. 197
2002	Chaititendipes badius Hong p. 197 figs. Pl 16, fig 2; text-fig 2.7.118-129
2002	Frutexitendipini Hong p. 201
2002	Frutexitendipes Hong p. 202
2002	Frutexitendipes dongzhouheensis Hong p. 202 figs. Pl 18, fig 1; text-fig 2.7.130-142
2002	Noditendipes Hong p. 205
2002	Noditendipes guchengziensis Hong p. 205 figs. Pl 19, fig 1; text-fig 2.7.143-155
2002	Dongbeitendipes Hong p. 208
2002	Dongbeitendipes foliolatus Hong p. 209 figs. Pl 18, fig 2; text-fig 2.7.156-165
2002	Hamicaudini Hong p. 212
2002	Hamicaudus Hong p. 213
2002	Hamicaudus osteneus Hong p. 213 figs. Pl 18, fig 3; text-fig 2.7.168-176
2002	Yangitendipes Hong p. 217
2002	Yangitendipes longivalvatus Hong p. 217 figs. Pl 20, fig 2; text-fig 2.7.177-187
2007	Chironominae Doitteau and Nel p. 44
2007	Chironominae Seredszus and Wichard p. 82
2010	Chironominae Giłka p. 714
2013	Chironominae Giłka and Zakrzewska p. 570
2014	Chironominae Zakrzewska and Giłka p. 336
2016	Chironominae Giłka et al. p. 391
2016	Chironominae Zakrzewska et al. p. 3
2018	Chironominae Giłka and Zakrzewska p. 256
2020	Chironominae Giłka and Zakrzewska p. 1400
2021	Chironominae Baranov and Haug p. 5
2021	Chironominae Giłka et al. p. 876
2021	Chironominae Zakrzewska and Jankowska
2023	Chironominae Giłka et al. p. 3

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829

Rank	Name	Author
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
class	Insecta
order	Diptera
suborder	Nematocera	Latreille 1825
family	Chironomidae	Macquart 1838
subfamily	Chironominae	Macquart 1838
subfamily	Chironominae	Macquart 1838

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. Chironominae Macquart 1838

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Tr. †Asiatendipini Hong 2002

G. †Asiatendipes Hong 2002

†Asiatendipes labrosus Hong 1981

G. †Bythomyia Zhang 1989

†Bythomyia oryctes Zhang 1989

Tr. Chironomini Macquart 1838

G. Axarus Roback 1980

G. Chironomus Meigen 1803

Subg. Chironomus (Chironomus) Meigen 1803

†Chironomus (Chironomus) kirklandi Sublette 1969

†Chironomus abietarius Meunier 1904

†Chironomus almelanderi Arnaud 1966

Invalid names: Chironomus sepultus Melander 1949 [replaced]

†Chironomus antiquus Von Heyden 1859

†Chironomus aquisextanus Theobald 1937

†Chironomus bituminosus von Heyden 1870

†Chironomus brevirostris Giebel 1856

†Chironomus caliginosus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus decrepitus von Heyden 1870

†Chironomus depletus Scudder 1877

†Chironomus elegantulus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus gaudini Heer 1864

†Chironomus haustus Meunier 1912

†Chironomus inclusus Meunier 1912

†Chironomus inglorius Meunier 1904

†Chironomus lacunus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus lacus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus leucomelas Gistl 1831

†Chironomus meticulosus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus meunieri Arnaud 1966

Invalid names: Chironomus sepultus Meunier 1912 [replaced]

†Chironomus meyeri Heer 1849

†Chironomus microcephalus Giebel 1856

†Chironomus obsoletus Heer 1849

†Chironomus oeningensis Heer 1849

†Chironomus paludosus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus patens Scudder 1877

†Chironomus pausatus Melander 1949

†Chironomus pliocenicus Piton 1935

†Chironomus primaevus Melander 1949

†Chironomus pristinus Melander 1949

†Chironomus proterus Melander 1949

†Chironomus requiescens Melander 1949

†Chironomus scudderiellus Cockerell 1916

†Chironomus septus Scudder 1890

†Chironomus sepultus Heer 1849

†Chironomus serresi Theobald 1937

†Chironomus subobscurus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus tenebricosus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus tenebrosus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus uliginosus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus umbraticus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus umbrosus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus vagabundus Meunier 1904

†Chironomus venerabilis Etheridge and Olliff 1890

Invalid names: Chironomus problematicus Etheridge and Olliff 1890 [synonym]

Invalid names: Palaeolycus Etheridge and Olliff 1890 [synonym], Tendipes Meigen 1908 [synonym]

G. Cryptochironomus Kieffer 1918

Cryptochironomus defectus Kieffer 1913

G. Endochironomus Kieffer 1918

†Endochironomus eocenicus Doitteau and Nel 2007

G. Glyptotendipes Kieffer 1913

G. †Hintelmanniella Baranov and Haug 2021

†Hintelmanniella noncatafractata Baranov and Haug 2021

G. Paratendipes Kieffer 1911

†Paratendipes separata Doitteau and Nel 2007

G. †Prolipiniella Doitteau and Nel 2007

†Prolipiniella magnifica Doitteau and Nel 2007

Invalid names: Tendipedini [synonym]

G. Cladopelma Kieffer 1921

Tr. †Fushunitendipini Hong 2002

G. †Beifangitendipes Hong 2002

†Beifangitendipes limnetes Hong 1981

G. †Clavicornius Hong 2002

†Clavicornius lobotes Hong 1981

G. †Furvitendipes Hong 2002

†Furvitendipes minimus Hong 1974

G. †Fushunitendipes Hong 1981

†Fushunitendipes eocenicus Hong 1981

†Fushunitendipes longipalpulatus Hong 1981

G. †Latitendipes Hong 2002

†Latitendipes platomodes Hong 1981

Invalid names: Latitendipes wanghuacunensis Hong 2002 [nomen nudum]

G. †Spinitendipes Hong 2002

†Spinitendipes uracanthodes Hong 1981

G. †Tenuigastrulus Hong 2002

†Tenuigastrulus trichodes Hong 1981

Invalid names: Longigastrula Hong 2002 [nomen nudum]

G. Phaenopsectra Kieffer 1921

†Phaenopsectra meunieri Seredszus and Wichard 2007

Tr. Pseudochironomini Saether 1977

G. †Eomicromimus Giłka et al. 2023

†Eomicromimus polliciformis Giłka et al. 2023

†Eomicromimus serpens Giłka et al. 2023

G. †Eoriethia Giłka et al. 2023

†Eoriethia ursipes Giłka et al. 2023

G. Megacentron Freeman 1961

†Megacentron eocenicus Doitteau and Nel 2007

G. †Mesoacentron Giłka et al. 2021

†Mesoacentron kaluginae Giłka et al. 2021

G. Microtendipes Kieffer 1915

†Microtendipes eocenicus Doitteau and Nel 2007

G. †Palaeocentron Giłka et al. 2021

†Palaeocentron krzeminskii Giłka et al. 2021

G. Riethia Kieffer 1917

Tr. Tanytarsini Zavrel 1917

G. †Archistempellina Giłka and Zakrzewska 2013

†Archistempellina bifurca Giłka and Zakrzewska 2013

†Archistempellina falcifera Giłka and Zakrzewska 2013

†Archistempellina perkovskyi Giłka and Zakrzewska 2014

G. †Corneliola Giłka and Zakrzewska 2013

†Corneliola avia Giłka and Zakrzewska 2013

G. †Eonandeva Giłka and Zakrzewska 2015

†Eonandeva helva Giłka and Zakrzewska 2015

†Eonandeva latistyla Giłka and Zakrzewska 2015

G. Micropsectra Kieffer 1909

G. Nandeva Wiedenbrug et al. 1998

†Nandeva pudens Giłka et al. 2016

Subtr. Tanytarsina Zavrel 1917

G. †Gujaratomyia Giłka and Zakrzewska 2018

†Gujaratomyia miripes Giłka and Zakrzewska 2018

G. Rheotanytarsus Thienemann and Bause 1913

†Rheotanytarsus alliciens Giłka and Zakrzewska 2013

†Rheotanytarsus hoffeinsorum Giłka et al. 2016

†Rheotanytarsus lacustris Baranov and Haug 2021

G. Tanytarsus van der Wulp 1874

†Tanytarsus congregabilis Giłka and Zakrzewska 2013

†Tanytarsus crocota Giłka et al. 2016

†Tanytarsus fereci Giłka 2011

†Tanytarsus forfex Giłka and Zakrzewska 2020

†Tanytarsus glaesarius Giłka and Zakrzewska 2015

†Tanytarsus insularis Meunier 1904

†Tanytarsus maritimus Meunier 1904

†Tanytarsus protogregarius Giłka and Zakrzewska 2015

†Tanytarsus ramus Giłka and Zakrzewska 2020

†Tanytarsus serafini Giłka 2010

†Tanytarsus szadziewskii Giłka and Zakrzewska 2013

†Tanytarsus wulpii Meunier 1904

Invalid names: Caladomyia Sawedal 1981 [synonym]

Subtr. Zavreliina Saether 1977

G. Stempellina Thienemann and Bause 1913

†Stempellina exigua Seredszus and Wichard 2007

†Stempellina stebneri Giłka and Zakrzewska 2020

G. Stempellinella Brundin 1947

†Stempellinella bicorna Seredszus and Wichard 2007

†Stempellinella electra Giłka and Zakrzewska 2015

†Stempellinella fibra Giłka et al. 2016

†Stempellinella gilkai Zakrzewska and Jankowska 2021

†Stempellinella ivanovae Giłka and Zakrzewska 2014

†Stempellinella pollex Giłka and Zakrzewska 2020

Invalid names: Frutexitendipini Hong 2002 [invalid subgroup], Hamicaudini Hong 2002 [invalid subgroup], Lacusitendipini Hong 2002 [invalid subgroup], Longicopulini Hong 2002 [invalid subgroup]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

chitinc

Environment:

terrestrialc

Locomotion:

actively mobilep

Created:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Modified:

2017-04-17 09:56:18

Source: c = class, p = phylum

References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Cenomanian to the top of the Holocene or 99.60000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 93.5 Ma

Collections (62 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Cenomanian	99.6 - 93.5	Myanmar	Palaeocentron krzeminskii (187929)
Late/Upper Santonian	85.8 - 83.5	Russian Federation	Pseudochironomini indet., Mesoacentron kaluginae (122590)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	France (Oise)	Endochironomus eocenicus, Prolipiniella magnifica, Paratendipes separata, Megacentron eocenicus, Microtendipes eocenicus (123850)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	India (Gujarat)	Tanytarsus spp., Gujaratomyia miripes, Tanytarsus forfex, Tanytarsus ramus, Stempellina stebneri, Stempellinella pollex (124463)
Ypresian	56.0 - 47.8	China (Liaoning)	Chironomus minimus (125469) Fushunitendipes eocenicus, Fushunitendipes longipalpulatus, Fushunitendipes lobotes, Fushunitendipes uracanthodes, Fushunitendipes platamodes, Fushunitendipes trichodes, Fushunitendipes limnetes, Microtendipes melainus, Microtendipes longifemerales, Microtendipes labrosus, Aspinus amblopteres, Aspinus stenopteres (124530) Latitendipes wanghuacunensis, Longigastrula fushunensis, Longicopula xilutianensis, Longipedia longa, Lacusitendipes latus, Maculitendipes sinabarius, Chaititendipes badius, Frutexitendipes dongzhouheensis, Noditendipes guchengziensis, Dongbeitendipes foliolatus, Hamicaudus osteneus, Yangitendipes longivalvatus (124820) Nandeva pudens (125934)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Wyoming)	Chironomus septus (122090) Chironomus sp. (121306)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Colorado)	Chironomus depletus, Chironomus patens (121146)
Lutetian	47.8 - 41.3	USA (Montana)	Tanytarsus sp., Hintelmanniella noncatafractata, Rheotanytarsus lacustris (224195)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Russian Federation (Kaliningrad)	Chironomus microcephalus, Chironomus brevirostris (147344) Chironomus vagabundus, Chironomus tenebrosus, Chironomus elegantulus, Chironomus umbraticus, Chironomus meticulosus, Chironomus umbrosus, Chironomus inglorius, Chironomus subobscurus, Chironomus caliginosus, Chironomus tenebricosus, Chironomus abietarius, Chironomus paludosus, Chironomus uliginosus, Chironomus lacunus, Chironomus lacus, Tanytarsus insularis, Tanytarsus wulpii, Tanytarsus maritimus (123927) Phaenopsectra meunieri, Stempellina exigua, Stempellinella bicorna (145846) Stempellinella gilkai (217019)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Poland	Tanytarsus serafini, Corneliola avia, Stempellinella ivanovae, Tanytarsus fereci, Stempellinella electra, Tanytarsus glaesarius, Tanytarsus protogregarius (110737)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	United Kingdom (England)	Chironominae indet., Chironomini indet. (123959) Chironomini indet. (21976 123960)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Ukraine	Chironominae indet., Cladopelma sp. (113621) Rheotanytarsus alliciens (153882) Tanytarsus serafini, Archistempellina bifurca, Archistempellina falcifera, Corneliola avia, Tanytarsus congregabilis, Archistempellina perkovskyi, Stempellinella ivanovae (122997)
Priabonian	38.0 - 33.9	Russian Federation	Stempellina exigua (154572) Tanytarsini indet., Tanytarsus serafini, Archistempellina falcifera, Corneliola avia, Caladomyia szadziewskii, Archistempellina perkovskyi, Tanytarsus glaesarius, Tanytarsus protogregarius, Eonandeva helva, Eonandeva latistyla, Rheotanytarsus hoffeinsorum, Tanytarsus crocota, Stempellinella fibra, Eomicromimus polliciformis, Eomicromimus serpens, Eoriethia ursipes (123419)
Chadronian	37.2 - 33.9	USA (Colorado)	Chironomus primaevus, Chironomus scudderiellus, Chironomus pausatus, Chironomus requiescens (106379) Chironomus pristinus, Chironomus scudderiellus, Chironomus requiescens (106381) Chironomus proterus (124680) Chironomus requiescens (124683) Chironomus requiescens, Chironomus sepultus (123119) Chironomus scudderiellus (122977 124682)
MP 23	33.9 - 28.4	France	Chironomus aquisextanus (122535) Chironomus serresi (122536)
Rupelian	33.9 - 28.1	Germany	Chironomus sp. (122407)
MP 30	28.4 - 23.03	Germany	Chironomus sp. 6, Chironomus sp. 7 pupa, Chironomus sp. 8, Chironomus sp. 10, Chironomus sp. 11, Chironomus antiquus, Chironomus bituminosus, Chironomus decrepitus (123945) Chironomus sp. 9 pupa (154946)
Chattian	28.1 - 23.03	France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)	Chironomus serresi (122487) Chironomus serresi, Chironomus aquisextanus (122488)
Aquitanian	23.03 - 20.44	New Zealand	Chironomus sp. 1, Chironomus sp. 2, Chironominae indet. (50035)
Burdigalian	20.44 - 15.97	China (Shandong)	Bythomyia oryctes (128552)
Middle Miocene	15.97 - 11.608	Australia (New South Wales)	Riethia sp. (224044)
Sarmatian	12.7 - 11.608	Germany (Baden-Württemberg)	Chironomus gaudini (117252) Chironomus obsoletus (115305) Chironomus oeningensis (113689)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.588	Australia (New South Wales)	Chironomus venerabilis, Palaeolycus problematicus (132306)
Blancan	4.9 - 1.8	USA (Texas)	Tanytarsus sp., Chironomus kirklandi, Chironomus sp. (154909)
Piacenzian	3.6 - 2.588	Japan	Chironomus sp. (188976)
Gelasian	2.588 - 1.806	France	Chironomus pliocenicus (113996)
Gelasian	2.588 - 1.806	Greenland	Axarus sp. (160146) Chironomini indet., Endochironomus sp. (160145) Chironomini indet., Endochironomus sp., Micropsectra sp. (160143) Chironomus sp. (160153) Chironomus sp., Axarus sp. (160144)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	United Kingdom (Worcestershire)	Chironomus sp., Cryptochironomus defectus, Glyptotendipes sp. (163070)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	USA (Wisconsin)	Chironomus sp. (169406)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Canada (Ontario)	Chironomus sp., Cryptochironomus sp., Glyptotendipes sp., Tanytarsina indet. (174230) Chironomus sp., Micropsectra sp., Cryptochironomus sp., Glyptotendipes sp., Tanytarsina indet. (174229)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	New Zealand	Tendipedini indet. (164244)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Madagascar	Chironomus sepultus (151372)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Tanzania	Chironomus inclusus, Chironomus haustus (152189)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Brazil	Chironomus leucomelas (155717)