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Brachyopoidea
Taxonomy
Brachyopoidea was named by Lydekker (1885). Its type is Brachyops. It was considered paraphyletic by Schoch (2013).
It was assigned to Temnospondyli by Olson and Lammers (1976) and Carroll (1988); to Trematosauria by Yates and Warren (2000); to Brachyopomorpha by Warren and Marsicano (2000); and to Stereospondyli by Warren and Damiani (1999), Schoch (2013) and Hart et al. (2023).
It was assigned to Temnospondyli by Olson and Lammers (1976) and Carroll (1988); to Trematosauria by Yates and Warren (2000); to Brachyopomorpha by Warren and Marsicano (2000); and to Stereospondyli by Warren and Damiani (1999), Schoch (2013) and Hart et al. (2023).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1885 | Brachyopoidea Lydekker |
| 1941 | Austropelor Longman |
| 1941 | Austropelor wadleyi Longman p. 29 fig. 1,2 |
| 1976 | Brachyopoidea Olson and Lammers p. 46 |
| 1988 | Brachiopoidea Carroll |
| 1999 | Brachyopoidea Warren and Damiani p. 47 |
| 2000 | Brachyopoidea Warren and Marsicano |
| 2000 | Brachyopoidea Yates and Warren pp. 84, 103 |
| 2013 | Brachyopoidea Schoch |
| 2023 | Brachyopoidea Hart et al. p. 2 |
| 2023 | Austropelor Poropat et al. p. 143 |
| 2023 | Austropelor wadleyi Poropat et al. p. 143 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Superfm. †Brachyopoidea Lydekker 1885
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Fm. †Brachyopidae Broom 1915
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G. †Banksiops Warren and Marsicano 2000
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†Banksiops townrowi Cosgriff 1974
Invalid names: Banksia Warren and Marsicano 1998 [replaced]
G. †Bathignathus Damiani and Jeannot 2002
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†Bathignathus poikilops Damiani and Jeannot 2002
†Bathignathus watsoni Haughton 1925
G. †Batrachosuchus Broom 1903
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†Batrachosuchus browni Broom 1903
†Batrachosuchus concordi Chernin 1977
†Batrachosuchus henwoodi Cosgriff 1969
G. †Blinasaurus Cosgriff 1969
G. †Platycepsion Kuhn 1964
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†Platycepsion wilkinsoni Stephens 1887
Invalid names: Platyceps Stephens 1887 [replaced]
Fm. †Chigutisauridae Rusconi 1951
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G. †Pelorocephalus Cabrera 1944
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†Pelorocephalus cacheutensis Rusconi 1953
†Pelorocephalus mendozensis Cabrera 1944
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Invalid names: Chigutisaurus tunuyanensis Rusconi 1948 [synonym]
†Pelorocephalus tenax Rusconi 1949
Invalid names: Chigutisaurus Rusconi 1948 [synonym], Pelorocephalus ischigualastensis Bonaparte 1975 [nomen nudum]
Invalid names: Icanosaurus Rusconi 1950 [nomen dubium], Icanosaurus rectifrons Rusconi 1950 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Plagiosauridae Abel 1919
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Subfm. †Plagiosaurinae Abel 1919
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G. †Gerrothorax Nilsson 1934
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†Gerrothorax pulcherrimus Fraas 1913
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Invalid names: Gerrothorax franconicus Kuhn 1932 [synonym], Gerrothorax rhaeticus Nilsson 1934 [synonym], Plagiosaurus striopustulatus Huene 1922 [synonym], Plagiosuchus pustuloglomeratus Huene 1922 [synonym]
Subfm. †Plagiosterninae Shishkin 1986
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G. †Plagiorophus Konjukova 1955
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†Plagiorophus danilovi Shishkin 1986
†Plagiorophus paraboliceps Konzhukova 1955
G. †Plagiosternum Fraas 1896
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Unr. †Plagiosuchinae Schoch and Milner 2014
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G. †Plagioscutum Shishkin 1986
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†Plagioscutum caspiense Shishkin 1986
†Plagioscutum ochevi Shishkin 1986
G. †Taphrognathus Welles 1947
Invalid names: Austropelor Longman 1941 [nomen dubium], Austropelor wadleyi Longman 1941 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Uhen 2004, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range: base of the Spathian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 251.30000 to 0.01170 Ma
Collections (112 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lopingian - Induan | Australia (Tasmania) | Bothriceps australis (117522) | |
| Induan | Australia (Queensland) | Brachyopoidea indet. (136407) Keratobrachyops australis, Brachyops allos (94541) Plagiobatrachus australis (85560) | |
| Induan | Australia (Tasmania) | Blinasaurus townrowi (117149 136589 136590 136591 136593) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | India (Maharashtra) | Brachyops laticeps (136649) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | Australia (New South Wales) | Arenaerpeton supinatus (232467) | |
| Early/Lower Triassic | Antarctica | Labyrinthodontia indet. (87420) | |
| Induan - Olenekian | Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) | Plagiosauridae indet. (99230) | |
| Induan - Olenekian | Australia (Western Australia) | Blinasaurus henwoodi (136545 136569) | |
| Spathian - Anisian | Algeria (Illizi) | Brachyopidae indet. (107215) | |
| Spathian - Bithynian | Australia (New South Wales) | Platyceps wilkinsoni (131926) | |
| Olenekian | Russian Federation (Orenburg) | Melanopelta antiqua (93205) Plagiosauridae indet. (195829) | |
| Olenekian | South Africa (Free State) | Bathignathus poikilops (98617) | |
| Olenekian | Russian Federation (Kirov) | Melanopelta antiqua (93104) | |
| Olenekian | Russian Federation (Arkhangel'sk) | Melanopelta antiqua (189566) | |
| Olenekian - Anisian | Australia (Queensland) | Brachyopidae indet. (136408) | |
| Aegean - Bithynian | USA (Arizona) | Taphrognathus bradyi, Vigilius wellesi (34888) Vigilius wellesi (196998) | |
| Anisian | Zambia (Eastern) | Batrachosuchus concordi (99437) | |
| Anisian | South Africa (Free State) | Batrachosuchus sp. (144343) | |
| Anisian | Russian Federation (Bashkortostan) | Plagioscutum ochevi (97414) Plagiosternum danilovi (97417) Plagiosternum paraboliceps, Plagioscutum ochevi (97415) | |
| Anisian | Russian Federation | Aranetsia improvisa (189565) | |
| Anisian | Australia (New South Wales) | Brachyopidae indet. (38348) Notobrachyops picketti (136487) | |
| Anisian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Bathignathus watsoni (177025) Batrachosuchus browni (80060) Batrachosuchus sp. (145499) Vanastega plurimidens (96329) | |
| Anisian | Antarctica | Plagiosaurinae indet. (135697) | |
| Anisian | Russian Federation (Orenburg) | Plagioscutum ochevi (28850 93156 97409 189562) Plagiosternum paraboliceps (97410) | |
| Middle Triassic | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Plagiosuchus pustuloglomeratus, Mastodonsaurus granulosus (39763) | |
| Middle Triassic | Kazakhstan | Plagioscutum ochevi (189564) | |
| Ladinian | Russian Federation (Bashkortostan) | Plagiosternum paraboliceps, Plagioscutum caspiense (79970) | |
| Ladinian | Kazakhstan | Plagioscutum caspiense (189563) | |
| Ladinian | Germany (Thüringen) | Plagiosuchus pustuloglomeratus, Plagiosternum nanum (196844) | |
| Ladinian | France (Grand Est) | Plagiosuchus pustuloglomeratus (137680) | |
| Longobardian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Gerrothorax new species, Plagiosuchus pustuliferus (101873) Plagiosauridae indet., Gerrothorax pustuloglomeratus (106349) Plagiosternum pustuliferum (106350) Plagiosuchus pustuliferus (106351) Plagiosuchus pustuliferus, Megalophthalma ockerti (101875) Plagiosuchus pustuliferus, Plagiosternum granulosum (106352) | |
| Longobardian | Germany (Thüringen) | Plagiosternum granulosum (196843) | |
| Longobardian | Germany (Thuringia) | Plagiosauridae indet. (106360) Plagiosternum granulosum (106359 196842) Plagiosternum pustuliferum (106353) Plagiosuchus sp., Plagiosternum granulosum (106361) | |
| Ladinian - Carnian | Germany (Thüringen) | Plagiosuchus pustuliferus, Plagiosternum granulosum (196845) | |
| Carnian | Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) | Compsocerops sp. (175578) | |
| Carnian | Greenland (Spitsbergen) | Plagiosauridae indet. (220868) | |
| Carnian | Poland (Slaskie) | Plagiosauridae indet. (110467) | |
| Carnian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Plagiosternum sp., Plagiosaurus striopustulatus (106462) | |
| Carnian | Germany (Bayern) | Gerrothorax sp. (124374) Plagiosaurus franconicus (97738) | |
| Carnian - Norian | Argentina (Mendoza) | Pelorocephalus cacheutensis (192150) Pelorocephalus mendozensis (192149) Pelorocephalus tenax (182589) | |
| Norian | Greenland (East Greenland) | Gerrothorax pulcherrimus (26995 106556 106557) | |
| Norian | India (Andhra Pradesh) | Compsocerops cosgriffi, Kuttycephalus triangularis (136904) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | Poland (Slaskie) | Plagiosauridae indet. (85500) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | South Africa (Eastern Cape) | Chigutisauridae indet. (107061) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | South Africa (Free State) | Capitosauridae indet. (107062) | |
| Alaunian | Luxembourg (Diekirch) | Plagiosauridae indet. (56047) | |
| Alaunian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Gerrothorax pulcherrimus (47800) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) | Gerrothorax pulcherrimus (139486) Gerrothorax sp., Plagiosaurus sp. (139484) Plagiosaurus depressus (139483) | |
| Rhaetian | Sweden (Skåne) | Gerrothorax rhaeticus (107213) | |
| Rhaetian | France (Lorraine) | Plagiosaurus sp. (36106) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | Lesotho (Quthing) | Brachyopoidea indet. (107133) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | South Africa (Free State) | Brachyopoidea indet. (107097) Chigutisauridae indet., Brachyopoidea indet. (75263) | |
| Pliensbachian - Toarcian | Australia (Queensland) | Brachyopidae indet. (77179) | |
| Early/Lower Toarcian | Australia (Queensland) | Austropelor wadleyi (136398) | |
| Bajocian - Oxfordian | China (Sichuan) | Sinobrachyops placenticephalus (24883) | |
| Late/Upper Bathonian | Kyrgyzstan (Jalal-Abad) | Ferganobatrachus riabinini (58187) | |
| Late/Upper Bathonian | Russian Federation (Moskva) | Gobiops sp. (52961) | |
| Callovian | Kyrgyzstan (Jalal-Abad) | Ferganobatrachus riabinini (37596 46545 46547 46549) | |
| Callovian - Oxfordian | China (Xinjiang) | Temnospondyli indet. (38135) | |
| Late/Upper Jurassic | Mongolia (Govi-Altay) | Gobiops desertus (179192) | |
| Late/Upper Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian | China (Xinjiang) | Brachyopidae indet. (138119) Temnospondyli indet. (47056) | |
| Tithonian - Berriasian | Thailand (Kalasin) | Brachyopidae indet. (157421) | |
| Valanginian - Albian | China (Xinjiang) | Gobiops desertus (89993) | |
| Aptian | Australia (Victoria) | Koolasuchus cleelandi (137194) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | Australia (Victoria) | Koolasuchus cleelandi (137195 137196) Labyrinthodontia indet. (38541 127567) | |
| Early/Lower Albian | Australia (Victoria) | Koolasuchus cleelandi (228965) | |
| Messinian | Italy (Ravenna) | Platyceps planicarinatus (144566) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | Australia (Victoria) | Banksia sp. (92836 92837) |