| Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
| Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Bethylinae
Taxonomy
Bethylinae was named by Halliday (1840). It is extant.
It was assigned to Proctotrupidae by Westwood (1874); to Proctotrypidae by Ashmead (1893) and Kieffer (1905); and to Bethylidae by Statz (1938), Sorg (1988), De Ploëg and Nel (2004), Azevedo and Azar (2012), Ramos et al. (2014), Cockx et al. (2016), Azevedo et al. (2018), Colombo et al. (2020), Brazidec and Perrichot (2022), Brazidec and Perrichot (2022), Brazidec and Perrichot (2022), Barbosa and Melo (2023) and Brazidec et al. (2023).
It was assigned to Proctotrupidae by Westwood (1874); to Proctotrypidae by Ashmead (1893) and Kieffer (1905); and to Bethylidae by Statz (1938), Sorg (1988), De Ploëg and Nel (2004), Azevedo and Azar (2012), Ramos et al. (2014), Cockx et al. (2016), Azevedo et al. (2018), Colombo et al. (2020), Brazidec and Perrichot (2022), Brazidec and Perrichot (2022), Brazidec and Perrichot (2022), Barbosa and Melo (2023) and Brazidec et al. (2023).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1840 | Bethylinae Halliday |
| 1874 | Bethyllides Westwood p. 156 |
| 1893 | Bethylinae Ashmead p. 27 |
| 1905 | Bethylinae Kieffer p. 227 |
| 1938 | Bethylinae Statz p. 107 |
| 1988 | Bethylinae Sorg p. 71 |
| 2004 | Bethylinae De Ploëg and Nel p. 75 |
| 2012 | Bethylinae Azevedo and Azar p. 216 |
| 2014 | Bethylinae Ramos et al. p. 205 |
| 2016 | Bethylinae Cockx et al. p. 4 |
| 2018 | Bethylinae Azevedo et al. p. 25 |
| 2020 | Bethylinae Colombo et al. |
| 2022 | Bethylinae Brazidec and Perrichot p. 2 |
| 2023 | Bethylinae Barbosa and Melo p. 171 |
| 2023 | Bethylinae Brazidec et al. p. 365 |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. Bethylinae Halliday 1840
show all | hide all
G. Bethylus Latreille 1802
G. Eupsenella Westwood 1874
+
†Eupsenella aulax Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Eupsenella eocenica De Ploëg and Nel 2004
†Eupsenella klesoviana Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Eupsenella rossica Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Eupsenella yantarnica Ramos and Azevedo 2014
Invalid names: Eupsenella neoeocenica Ramos and Azevedo 2018 [nomen nudum], Eupsenella neohongi Ramos and Azevedo 2018 [nomen nudum], Fushunochrysites Hong 2002 [nomen nudum], Protobethylus De Ploëg and Nel 2004 [synonym], Sinibethylus Hong 2002 [nomen nudum]
G. Goniozus Förster 1856
+
†Goniozus antiquus Olmi 2005
†Goniozus contractus Brues 1933
†Goniozus copalinus Meunier 1916
†Goniozus cotyi Brazidec and Perrichot 2022
†Goniozus definitus Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Goniozus respectus Sorg 1988
Invalid names: Messoria Meunier 1916 [synonym], Perisierola Kieffer 1914 [synonym], Pterosclerogibba Olmi 2005 [synonym]
G. Lytopsenella Kieffer 1911
+
†Lytopsenella baltica Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Lytopsenella crastina Brues 1923
†Lytopsenella kerneggeri Ohl 1995
†Lytopsenella maritima Ramos and Azevedo 2014
†Lytopsenella setigera Brues 1923
†Lytopsenella simplex Brues 1923
G. Sierola Cameron 1881
+
†Sierola colomboi Brazidec and Perrichot 2022
†Sierola hastata Sorg 1988
†Sierola rovniana Ramos and Azevedo 2014
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
| Source: c = class, p = phylum | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Bush and Bambach 2015 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Aptian to the top of the Holocene or 125.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.0 Ma
Collections (22 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aptian | Russian Federation | Cretobethylellus lucidus (124811) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | France (Poitou-Charentes) | Nucifrangibulum carentonensis (161514) | |
| Ypresian | China (Liaoning) | Fushunochrysites eocenicus (124530) Sinibethylus eocenicus (124820) | |
| Ypresian | France (Oise) | Protobethylus eocenicus (123850) | |
| Bridgerian | USA (Colorado) | Eupsenella sp. (229578) | |
| Priabonian | Russian Federation (Kaliningrad) | Eupsenella aulax, Lytopsenella baltica, Lytopsenella maritima (160471) Eupsenella crastina (127170) Goniozus definitus (120610) Lytopsenella crastina (124318) Lytopsenella kerneggeri (138800) Lytopsenella kerneggeri, Eupsenella rossica, Eupsenella yantarnica (122591) Sierola simplex, Sierola setigera, Sierola crastina, Eupsenella setigera, Eupsenella simplex, Eupsenella crastina, Prosierola submersa, Perisierola contracta (123927) | |
| Priabonian | Russian Federation | Lytopsenella crastina (173264) | |
| Priabonian | Denmark | Sierola hastata (123762) | |
| Priabonian | Ukraine | Lytopsenella kerneggeri, Eupsenella aulax, Eupsenella klesoviana, Sierola rovniana (122997) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Mexico (Chiapas) | Goniozus cotyi (225741) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Dominican Republic | Crassibethylus dominicanus (203120) Goniozus respectus (146557) Pterosclerogibba antiqua (122472) | |
| Langhian | China (Fujian) | Sierola colomboi (220273) | |
| Holocene | Madagascar | Messoria copalina (151372) |