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Guloninae
Taxonomy
Gulonina was named by Gray (1825). It is extant.
It was reranked as the subfamily Guloninae by Samuels and Cavin (2013) and Valenciano et al. (2018).
It was assigned to Ursidae by Gray (1825); and to Mustelidae by Samuels and Cavin (2013) and Valenciano et al. (2018).
It was reranked as the subfamily Guloninae by Samuels and Cavin (2013) and Valenciano et al. (2018).
It was assigned to Ursidae by Gray (1825); and to Mustelidae by Samuels and Cavin (2013) and Valenciano et al. (2018).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1825 | Gulonina Gray p. 339 |
| 2013 | Guloninae Samuels and Cavin p. 449 |
| 2018 | Guloninae Valenciano et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. Guloninae Gray 1825
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G. Eira Smith 1842 [tayra]
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Eira barbara Linnaeus 1758 [tayra]
Tayra barbara senilis Allen 1913
Invalid names: Galera Browne 1789 [replaced], Tayra Palmer 1904 [synonym]
G. Galera Gray 1843
G. Grisonia Gray 1825
Tr. †Gulonini
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G. Gulo Storr 1780 [wolverine]
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†Gulo diaphorus Kaup 1833
Gulo gulo Linnaeus 1758 [wolverine]
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Invalid names: Gulo gidleyi Hall 1936 [synonym], Gulo schlosseri Kormos 1914 [synonym], Ursus luscus Linnaeus 1758 [synonym]
†Gulo primigenius Roth and Wagner 1854
†Gulo sudorus Samuels et al. 2018
G. †Iberictis Ginsburg and Morales 1992
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†Iberictis azanzae Ginsburg and Morales 1992
†Iberictis buloti Ginsburg and Morales 1992
G. †Plesiogulo Zdansky 1934
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†Plesiogulo crassa Teilhard de Chardin 1945
†Plesiogulo lindsayi Harrison 1981
†Plesiogulo marshalli Martin 1928
†Plesiogulo monspessulanus Viret 1939
†Plesiogulo praecocidens Kurten 1970
Tr. †Ischyrictini Ginsburg 1977
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G. †Ferinestrix Bjork 1970
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†Ferinestrix rapax Wolson and Sotnikova 2013
†Ferinestrix vorax Bjork 1970
G. †Ischyrictis Helbing 1930
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†Ischyrictis mustelinus Viret 1933
†Ischyrictis zibethoides Blainville 1842
G. †Plionictis Matthew 1924
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†Plionictis buwaldi Merriam 1919
†Plionictis gazini Hall 1931
†Plionictis kinseyi Gidley 1927
†Plionictis oaxacaensis Ferrusquia-Villafranca 1990
†Plionictis oregonensis Shotwell 1970
G. †Sthenictis Peterson 1910
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†Sthenictis bellus Matthew 1932
†Sthenictis campestris Gregory 1942
†Sthenictis dolichops Matthew 1924
†Sthenictis junturensis Shotwell and Russell 1963
†Sthenictis lacota Matthew and Gidley 1904
†Sthenictis robustus Cope 1890
Invalid names: Brachygale Peterson 1910 [synonym]
G. Martes Frisch 1775 [marten]
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Subg. †Martes (Tomictis) Hall 1931
Martes caurina Merriam 1890
Martes flavigula Boddaert 1785 [yellow-throated marten]
Martes flavigula saba Chasen and Kloss 1931
†Martes foina Erxleben 1777
†Martes foxi Hibbard and Riggs 1949
†Martes gazini Hibbard 1958
†Martes intermedius Heller 1913
†Martes khelifensis Ginsburg 1977
Martes martes Linnaeus 1758 [European pine marten]
†Martes melampus Wagner 1841
†Martes parviloba Cope 1873
†Martes sansaniensis Lartet 1851
†Martes stirtoni Wilson 1968
†Martes vetus Kretzoi 1947
Martes zibellina Linnaeus 1758 [sable]
G. Pekania Gray 1865
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†Pekania occulta Samuels and Cavin 2013
†Pekania palaeosinensis Zdansky 1924
Pekania pennanti Erxleben 1777 [fisher]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Nowak 1991, Ji et al. 2002 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Hemingfordian to the top of the Holocene or 20.43000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 20.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 20.0 Ma
Collections (209 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene | Spain (Castile-La Mancha) | Martes pusilla (136269) | |
| Miocene | USA (Texas) | Sthenictis sp. (18371) | |
| Miocene | France | Martes filholi, Martes pusilla, Martes delphinensis, Martes cadeoti, Martes munki, Ischyrictis mustelinus (200296) | |
| MN 2 | Germany (R.-P. and Hesse) | Martes species (69606) | |
| Burdigalian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Ischyrictis sp. (69098) | |
| Burdigalian | Saudi Arabia | Martes sp. (47074) | |
| Burdigalian | France (Loiret) | Martes muncki (181641) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Thailand | Martes sp. (48126) | |
| Burdigalian - Tortonian | France | Martes laevidens (187579) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Nebraska) | Sthenictis bellus (18001) | |
| MN 3 | Germany (Bavaria) | Laphyctis vorax, Laphyctis comitans, Martes laevidens (68040) | |
| MN 4 | France (Midi-Pyrénées) | Ischyrictis bezianensis, Martes burdigalensis, Iberictis buloti (71873) | |
| MN 4 | France (Gers) | Ischyrictis bezaniensis, Martes sainjoni, Martes muncki (69099) | |
| MN 4 | France (Alsac) | Ischyrictis noueli (69106) | |
| MN 4 | France (Centre) | Ischyrictis noueli, Martes sainjoni, Martes muncki, Martes burdigaliensis (69116) | |
| Barstovian | USA (California) | Martes sp. (19498) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Oregon) | Martes gazini (19056) | |
| Barstovian | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Plionictis ogygia, Sthenictis dolichops (18797) Sthenictis dolichops (18759 18785 18794) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Colorado) | Plionictis ogygia (18220) | |
| Barstovian | Mexico (Oaxaca) | Plionictis oaxacaensis (18722) | |