Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Amiiformes (bowfin)

Osteichthyes - Amiiformes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1929Amiiformes Hay
1964Amiiformes Estes p. 29
1981Amiiformes Thurmond and Jones p. 86
1988Amiiformes Case and Schwimmer p. 297
1989Amiiformes Bryant p. 22
1998Amiiformes Grande and Bemis p. 31
1999Amiiformes Cartanyà p. 548
1999Amiiformes Weems p. 55
2001Amiiformes Peng et al. p. 14
2002Amiiformes Pearson et al. p. 154
2002Amiiformes Sepkoski
2003Amiiformes Meyer and Zardoya
2005Amiiformes Kriwet p. 101
2006Amiiformes Nelson
2007Amiiformes Cavin et al.
2010Amiiformes Bogan et al. p. 164
2011Amiiformes Long p. 242
2013Amiiformes Betancur et al.
2016Amiiformes Nelson et al. p. 125
2018Amiiformes Carnevale and Godfrey p. 164
2019Amiiformes van der Laan p. 57

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
RankNameAuthor
classOsteichthyes
subclassActinopterygii()
infraclassActinopteri()
—NeopterygiiRegan 1923
infraclassHolostei(Müller 1846)
orderAmiiformesHay 1929
orderAmiiformesHay 1929

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Amiiformes Hay 1929 [bowfin]
show all | hide all
G. †Ainia Jordan 1918
Superfm. †Amioidea Bonaparte 1838
hide
Fm. †Paracentrophoridae Obruchev 1964
+
G. †Paracentrophorus Piveteau 1941
+
Fm. †Promecosominidae Wade 1941
+
G. †Promecosomina Wade 1935
+
Subor. Amioidei
hide
Fm. Amiidae Huxley 1861
+
G. Amia Linnaeus 1766 [bowfin]
+
Amia calva Linnaeus 1766 [bowfin]
+
Invalid names: Amia reticulata Lesuer 1846 [synonym]
†Amia fragosa Jordan 1927
†Amia hesperia Wilson 1982
†Amia pattersoni Grande and Bemis 1998
†Amia scutata Cope 1875
+
Invalid names: Amia dictyocephala Cope 1875 [synonym]
†Amia uintaensis Leidy 1873
Invalid names: Amia robusta Priem 1901 [nomen dubium], Amiatus Rafinesque 1815 [synonym]
Subfm. Amiinae Bonaparte 1837
+
G. †Cyclurus Agassiz 1839
+
†Cyclurus efremovi Sytchevskaya 1981
†Cyclurus fragosus Jordan 1927
†Cyclurus gurleyi Russell and Fryxell 1928
†Cyclurus ignotus Blainville 1818
+
Invalid names: Amia laticaudata Agassiz 1843 [synonym], Amia munieri Priem 1911 [synonym]
†Cyclurus kehreri Andreae 1893
†Cyclurus macrocephalus Reuss 1844
†Cyclurus minor Agassiz 1839
†Cyclurus oligocenicus Winkler 1880
+
Invalid names: Notaeus longirostratus Winkler 1880 [synonym]
†Cyclurus valenciennesi Agassiz 1839
Invalid names: Amia chinzhalensis Sytchevskaya 1986 [nomen dubium], Amia russelli Janot 1966 [nomen dubium], Kindleia Jordan 1927 [synonym], Paramiatus Romer and Fryxell 1928 [synonym], Stylomyleodon Russell 1928 [synonym], Stylomyleodon lacus Russell 1928 [nomen dubium]
G. †Pseudamiatus Whitley
+
†Pseudamiatus heintzi Lehman 1951
Invalid names: Amia (Protamia) gracilis Leidy 1873 [nomen dubium], Amia (Protamia) media Leidy 1873 [nomen dubium], Amia (Protamia) uintaensis Leidy 1873 [nomen dubium], Amia anglica Newton 1899 [nomen dubium], Amia colenutti Newton 1899 [nomen dubium], Amia depressus Marsh 1871 [nomen dubium], Amia eocena Owen 1884 [nomen dubium], Amia exilis Lambe 1908 [nomen dubium], Amia furiosa Sytchevskaya 1986 [nomen dubium], Amia lemoinei Leriche 1900 [nomen dubium], Amia limosa Nessov 1985 [nomen dubium], Amia macrospondyla Cope 1891 [nomen dubium], Amia morini Priem 1911 [nomen dubium], Amia newberrianus Marsh 1871 [nomen dubium], Amia semimarina Nessov 1985 [nomen dubium], Amia strigasa Sytchevskaya 1986 [nomen dubium], Amia whiteavesiana Cope 1891 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys barroisi Leriche 1900 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys corsonii Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys laevis Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys mongoliensis Hussakof 1932 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys plicatus Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys sclerops Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys symphysis Cope 1873 [nomen dubium]
Subfm. †Amiopsinae Grande and Bemis 1998
+
G. †Amiopsis Kner 1863
+
†Amiopsis damoni Egerton 1858
+
Invalid names: Megalurus austeni Egerton 1858 [synonym]
†Amiopsis dolloi Traquair 1911
+
Invalid names: Amiopsis lata Traquair 1911 [synonym]
†Amiopsis lepidota Agassiz 1833
+
Invalid names: Megalurus brevicostatus Agassiz 1834 [synonym], Megalurus grandis Wagner 1863 [synonym]
†Amiopsis prisca Kner 1863
†Amiopsis woodwardi Sauvage 1903
Invalid names: Urocles Jordan 1918 [synonym]
G. †Guizhouamia Liu et al. 2002
+
†Guizhouamia bellula Liu et al. 2002
G. †Lehmanamia Casier 1966
+
†Lehmanamia sheppeyensis Casier 1966
G. †Liodesmus Wagner 1859
G. †Nipponamia Yabumoto 1994
+
†Nipponamia satoi Yabumoto 1994
G. †Protamia Leidy 1873
Subfm. †Solnhofenamiinae Grande and Bemis 1998
+
G. †Solnhofenamia Grande and Bemis 1998
+
†Solnhofenamia elongata Agassiz 1839
+
Invalid names: Urocles altivelis Wagner 1863 [synonym], Urocles elegantissimus Wagner 1863 [synonym], Urocles polyspondylus Wagner 1851 [synonym]
Subfm. †Vidalamiinae Grande and Bemis 1998
+
Tr. †Calamopleurini Grande and Bemis 1998
+
G. †Calamopleurus Agassiz 1843
+
Invalid names: Enneles Jordan and Branner 1908 [synonym]
G. †Maliamia Patterson and Longbottom 1989
G. †Melvius Bryant 1988
+
†Melvius chauliodous Hall and Wolberg 1989
†Melvius thomasi Bryant 1988
Tr. †Vidalamiini Grande and Bemis 1998
+
G. †Pachyamia Chalifa and Tchernov 1982
G. †Vidalamia White and Moy-Thomas 1941
+
Invalid names: Vidalia Sauvage 1903 [replaced]
Invalid names: Amiatidae Jordan 1923 [synonym], Paleamia Jonet 1981 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Sinamiidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Ikechaoamia Liu 1961
+
†Ikechaoamia meridionalis Zhang and Zhang 1980
G. †Siamamia Cavin et al. 2007
+
†Siamamia naga Cavin et al. 2007
G. †Sinamia
+
†Sinamia zdanskyi Stensio 1935
†Sinamiidae naga Cavin et al. 2007
Invalid names: Liodesmidae [empty]
Subor. †Caturoidei Owen 1860
hide
Fm. Caturidae Owen 1860
+
G. †Caturus Agassiz 1834
+
†Caturus agassizi Egerton 1858
†Caturus angustus Agassiz 1843
†Caturus branchiostegus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus bucklandi Agassiz 1843
†Caturus chaperi Sauvage 1883
†Caturus chirotes Agassiz 1842
†Caturus dartoni Eastman 1899
†Caturus elongatus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus ferox Agassiz 1844
†Caturus furcatus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus heterurus Agassiz 1839
†Caturus latipennis Agassiz 1843
†Caturus latus Muenster 1834
†Caturus macrodus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus macrurus Agassiz 1843
†Caturus maximus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus meyeri Agassiz 1843
†Caturus microchirus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus nuchalis Agassiz 1833
+
Invalid names: Pachycormus furcatus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
†Caturus pachyurus Agassiz 1843
†Caturus pleiodus Agassiz 1843
†Caturus porteri Rayner 1948
†Caturus retrodorsalis Sauvage 1891
†Caturus similis Agassiz 1837
†Caturus stenospondylus Sauvage 1875
†Caturus stenoura Sauvage 1875
Invalid names: Conodus Agassiz 1843 [synonym], Ditaxiodus Owen 1866 [synonym], Endactis Egerton 1858 [synonym], Strobilodus Wagner 1851 [synonym], Thlattodus Owen 1866 [synonym], Uraeus Agassiz 1832 [replaced]
G. †Kahamachli Malkani 2019
+
†Kahamachli harrandlundi Malkani 2019
G. †Gymnoichthys Tintori et al. 2010
+
†Gymnoichthys inopinatus Tintori et al. 2010
G. †Eusemius Vetter 1881
Fm. †Ionoscopidae Lehman 1966
hide
G. †Ionoscopus Costa 1853
+
†Ionoscopus petrarojae Costa 1853
G. †Oshunia Wenz and Kellner 1986
+
†Oshunia brevis Wenz and Kellner 1986
G. †Quetzalichthys Alvarado-Ortega and Espinosa-Arrubarrena 2008
+
†Quetzalichthys perrilliatae Alvarado-Ortega and Espinosa-Arrubarrena 2008
G. †Spathiurus Davis 1887
+
†Spathiurus dorsalis Davis 1887
+
Invalid names: Amphilaphurus major Davis 1887 [synonym]
Invalid names: Amphilaphurus Davis 1887 [synonym]
G. †Otomitla Felix 1891
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektobenthico
Diet: carnivoreo
Diet 2: piscivoreo
Created: 2009-07-20 20:51:40
Modified: 2013-12-06 11:51:31
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Changhsingian to the top of the Holocene or 254.14000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 251.902 Ma

Collections (545 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Changhsingian254.14 - 251.902China (Jiangxi) Caturus indet. (119495)
Pelsonian244.24 - 243.33China (Yunnan) Gymnoichthys inopinatus (97946 146382)
Ladinian241.464 - 237.0Spain Caturus sp. (148734 149852)
Longobardian239.48 - 237.0China (Guizhou) Guizhouamia bellula (146379)
Longobardian239.48 - 237.0Spain (Tarragona) Caturus sp. (109710)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4USA (Texas) Caturus sp. (39671)
Rhaetian205.7 - 201.4Austria Caturus sp. (195673)
Sinemurian199.5 - 192.9United Kingdom (England) Endactis agassizi, Pachycormus heterurus, Conodus ferox (122154) Pachycormus latipennis, Endactis agassizi, Pachycormus heterurus (122153) Pachycormus latipennis, Pachycormus heterurus, Conodus ferox (122155)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9France Caturus sp. (122733)
Falciferum184.2 - 182.9United Kingdom (England) Caturus sp. (130759 132646)
Falciferum184.2 - 182.9France Caturus stenospondylus, Caturus stenoura, Caturus chaperi, Caturus retrodorsalis (122734)
Bathonian168.2 - 165.3Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) Sinamiidae indet. (61891)
Bathonian168.2 - 165.3USA (South Dakota) Amiopsis dartoni (122622)
Early/Lower Bathonian168.2 - 165.3France Caturus sp. (61378)
Early/Lower Bathonian168.2 - 165.3France (Midi-Pyrénées) Caturus sp. (61377)
Late/Upper Bathonian168.2 - 165.3United Kingdom (England) Caturus sp. (39075)
Callovian165.3 - 161.5United Kingdom (England) Caturus porteri (130656)
Middle Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Portugal (Leiria) Caturus sp. (69698)
Late/Upper Oxfordian157.9 - 154.8Spain Caturus sp., Ionoscopus sp. (151897)
Late/Upper Oxfordian157.9 - 154.8France (Basse-Normandie) Caturus sp., Caturus driani (74916)