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Chroicocephalus

Reptilia - Charadriiformes - Laridae

Taxonomy
Chroicocephalus was named by Eyton (1836). It is extant.

It was reranked as Larus (Chroicocephalus) by Wetmore (1940).

It was assigned to Xemeae by Coues (1862); to Larinae by Hay (1930); to Larus by Wetmore (1940); and to Laridae by Clements et al. (2017).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1836Chroicocephalus Eyton
1862Chroicocephalus Coues p. 309
1930Chroicocephalus Hay p. 340
1940Larus (Chroicocephalus) Wetmore p. 61
2017Chroicocephalus Clements et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
RankNameAuthor
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptora
—Paraves
classAves
orderCharadriiformesHuxley 1867
suborderLariSharpe 1891
infraorderLarides
superfamilyLaroideaStejneger 1885
familyLaridaeVigors 1825
genusChroicocephalusEyton 1836

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Chroicocephalus Eyton 1836
show all | hide all
Chroicocephalus bulleri Hutton 1871 [black-billed gull]
Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus Vieillot 1818 [gray-headed gull]
Chroicocephalus hartlaubii Bruch 1853 [Hartlaub's gull]
Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae Stephens 1826 [silver gull]
Chroicocephalus philadelphia Ord 1815 [Bonaparte's gull]
Chroicocephalus ridibundus Linnaeus 1758 [black-headed gull]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: carnivoresubo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2017-04-17 10:41:05
Modified: 2017-04-17 10:41:05
Source: subo = suborder, o = order
References: Benton 1983, Marsh 1875, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Pleistocene to the top of the Holocene or 0.77400 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.129 Ma

Collections (15 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Italy (Siracusa) Larus ridibundus (175900)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Oregon) Larus philadelphia (93251 176222)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117New Zealand (South Island) Larus novaehollandiae (87814)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Australia (South Australia) Larus novaehollandiae (181314)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Russian Federation Larus ridibundus (194811)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) C. philadelphia (123918) Larus philadelphia (120827 176102)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0New Zealand Larus novaehollandiae (194614 194616)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Australia (Victoria) Larus novaehollandiae (138410)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0South Africa Larus hartlaubii (177148)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Russian Federation Larus ridibundus (194810)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Congo-Kinshasa Larus cirrhocephalus (22068)