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Myliobatoidei

Chondrichthyes - Myliobatiformes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1973Myliobatoidei Compagno
2016Myliobatoidei Nelson et al. p. 88
2019Myliobatoidei Ebersole et al. p. 112
2019Myliobatoidei van der Laan p. 45
2022Myliobatoidei Cicimurri et al.
2024Myliobatoidei Ebersole et al. p. 11
2025Myliobatoidei Cicimurri et al. p. 54

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classChondrichthyes
RankNameAuthor
infraclassElasmobranchii(Bonaparte 1838)
—Euselachii()
—NeoselachiiCompagno 1977
superorderBatomorphii
orderMyliobatiformesCompagno 1973
suborderMyliobatoideiCompagno 1973
suborderMyliobatoideiCompagno 1973

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. Myliobatoidei Compagno 1973
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Fm. Aetobatidae Agassiz 1861
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G. Aetobatus Blainville 1816
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†Aetobatis arcuatus Agassiz 1843
†Aetobatis marginalis Dixon 1850
†Aetobatis profundus Cope 1867
†Aetobatis subarcuatus Agassiz 1843
†Aetobatis sulcatus Agassiz 1835
†Aetobatus aragonis Jordan and Hanibal 1923
†Aetobatus arcuatus Agassiz 1843
†Aetobatus cappettai Antunes and Balbino 2006
†Aetobatus irregularis Agassiz 1843
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Invalid names: Aetobatis perspicuus Leidy 1855 [synonym]
†Aetobatus narinari Euphrasen 1790
†Aetobatus omaliusi Delfortrie 1872
†Aetobatus omaliusi curtidens Delfortrie 1872
†Aetobatus poeyi Fernandez de Castro 1871
Invalid names: Aetobates Richardson 1846 [synonym], Goniobatis Agassiz 1858 [synonym], Stoasodon Cantor 1850 [synonym]
G. †Aturobatis Adnet 2006
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†Aturobatis aquensis Adnet 2006
Fm. Dasyatidae Jordan 1888 [whiptail stingray]
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G. †Amphotistius Garman 1913
G. Anacanthus Cuvier 1829
Subfm. Dasyatinae Jordan and Gilbert 1879
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G. Bathytoshia Whitley 1933
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Bathytoshia centroura Mitchill 1814 [roughtail stingray]
G. Dasyatis Rafinesque 1810
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†Dasyatis africana Dartevelle and Casier 1959
†Dasyatis borodini Case 1981
†Dasyatis branisai Cappetta 1975
†Dasyatis carolinensis Emmons 1858
†Dasyatis cavernosa Probst 1877
†Dasyatis charlisae Case 1981
†Dasyatis commercensis Case and Cappetta 1997
†Dasyatis concavifoveus Cvancara and Hoganson 1993
†Dasyatis datasi Noubhani and Cappetta 1997
†Dasyatis davisi Cassier 1966
†Dasyatis fallax Arambourg 1952
†Dasyatis gigas Gunther 1870
Dasyatis hastata De Kay 1842
†Dasyatis hexagonalis Arambourg 1952
†Dasyatis jaekeli Leriche 1906
†Dasyatis manuelcamposi Villafaña et al. 2025
†Dasyatis margaritella Compagno and Roberts 1984
†Dasyatis martini Noubhani and Cappetta 1997
†Dasyatis molassicus Probst 1877
†Dasyatis molinoensis Cappetta 1975
†Dasyatis newegyptensis Case et al. 2001
†Dasyatis northdakotaensis Hoganson et al. 2019
Dasyatis pastinaca Linnaeus 1758
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Invalid names: Dasyatis ujo Rafinesque 1810 [synonym]
†Dasyatis ponsi Noubhani and Cappetta 1997
†Dasyatis probsti Cappetta 1970
†Dasyatis rafinesquei Kumar and Loyal 1987
†Dasyatis rugosa Probst 1877
†Dasyatis russelli Cappetta 1972
†Dasyatis schaefferi Cappetta 1975
†Dasyatis serralheiroi Cappetta 1970
†Dasyatis sessaoensis Cappetta 1972
†Dasyatis speetonensis Underwood et al. 1999
†Dasyatis strangulata Probst 1877
†Dasyatis sudrei Cappetta 1972
†Dasyatis tetraedra Arambourg 1952
†Dasyatis tricuspidatus Casier 1946
†Dasyatis vicaryi Loyal 1984
Invalid names: Alexandrinum Molin 1860 [synonym], Dasybatus Klein 1775 [replaced], Heliobatis [synonym], Trygon Cuvier 1817 [synonym]
G. Hemitrygon Müller and Henle 1837
G. Hypanus Rafinesque 1818
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†Hypanus americana Hildebrand and Schroeder 1928
Hypanus dipterurus Jordan and Gilbert 1880 [diamond stingray]
†Hypanus heterodontus Cicimurri et al. 2025
Hypanus say Lesueur 1817
G. Pteroplatytrygon Fowler 1910
G. Taeniurops Garman 1913
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†Taeniurops cavernosa Probst 1877
Taeniurops grabata Saint-Hilaire 1817 [round stingray]
†Taeniurops tosii Adnet and Charpentier 2022
G. †Disceus Garman 1877
G. †Discobatis Miklukho-Maclay and Macleay 1886
G. †Discotrygon Fowler 1910
G. †Elipesurus Schomburgk 1842
G. †Glikmania Case et al. 1996
G. †Hemiptychodus Jaekel 1894
Subfm. Hypolophinae Leriche 1902
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G. Pastinachus Rüppell 1828
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†Pastinachus kebarensis Adnet et al. 2018
Invalid names: Hypolophus Muller and Henle 1837 [synonym]
Subfm. Neotrygoninae Last et al. 2016
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G. †Mecotrygon Adnet et al. 2020
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†Mecotrygon asperodentulus Adnet et al. 2020
G. Neotrygon Castelnau 1873
G. Taeniura Miller and Henle 1837
G. †Palaeodasyatis Halter 1989
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†Palaeodasyatis hermani Halter 1989
G. †Paratrygon Dumeríl 1865
G. †Pastinaca Dekay 1842
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Pastinaca hastata DeKay 1842
G. †Rhachinotus Cantor 1849
G. †Sporetodus Cope 1874
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†Sporetodus janevaii Cope 1874
G. †Tethytrygon Marramà et al. 2018
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†Tethytrygon muricatus Volta 1796
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Invalid names: Dasyatis zigni Molin 1861 [synonym]
Subfm. Urogymninae Gray 1851
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G. Himantura Müller and Henle 1837
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†Himantura souarfortuna Adnet et al. 2020
G. Urogymnus Muller and Henle 1837
G. †Uroxis Rafinesque 1810
G. †Viperecucullus Case 1996
Invalid names: Agabelus Cope 1875 [nomen dubium], Dasyatis dezignoi Molin 1861 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. Gymnuridae Fowler 1934
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G. Gymnura Van Hasselt 1823
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Gymnura altavela Linnaeus 1758
†Gymnura delpiti Cappetta 1984
†Gymnura grootaerti Herman 1984
†Gymnura hovestadti Herman 1984
†Gymnura laterialata Werner 1989
†Gymnura micura Bloch and Schneider 1801
Invalid names: Aetoplatea Vallencienes 1841 [synonym], Pteroplatea Muller and Henle 1837 [synonym]
G. †Jacquhermania Cappetta 1982
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†Jacquhermania duponti Winkler 1874
G. †Ouledia Cappetta 1986
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†Ouledia lacuna Adnet et al. 2020
†Ouledia sigei Cappetta 1986
G. †Pachygymnura Adnet et al. 2020
G. †Subathunura Kumar and Loyal 1987
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†Subathunura casieri Kumar and Loyal 1987
Fm. Mobulidae Gill 1893
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G. †Amamriabatis Adnet et al. 2020
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†Amamriabatis heni Adnet et al. 2020
G. †Archaeomanta Herman 1979
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†Archaeomanta hermani Kozlov 2001
†Archaeomanta melenhorsti Herman 1979
†Archaeomanta priemi Herman 1979
G. †Argoubia Adnet et al. 2012
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†Argoubia barbei Adnet et al. 2012
G. †Brachioptilon Newman 1849
G. †Burnhamia Cappetta 1976
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†Burnhamia daviesi Woodward 1889
†Burnhamia fetahi Cappetta 1985
†Burnhamia glikmani Pfeil 1981
G. †Eomanta
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†Eomanta kowaldi Pfeil 1981
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Invalid names: Mobula irenae Pfeil 1981 [synonym]
G. †Eoplinthicus Cappetta and Stringer 2002
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†Eoplinthicus underwoodi Adnet et al. 2012
†Eoplinthicus yazooensis Cappetta and Stringer 2002
G. Mobula Rafinesque 1810 [devil ray]
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Mobula auriculata Rafinesque 1810 [giant devil ray]
Mobula birostris Walbaum 1792
†Mobula hynei Bourdon 1999
Mobula hypostomus Bancroft 1831
†Mobula loupianensis Cappetta 1970
†Mobula melanyae Case 1980
†Mobula pectinata Capetta 1970
Invalid names: Apterurus Rafinesque 1810 [synonym], Cephalopterus Riso 1810 [synonym], Ceratobatis Boulenger 1897 [synonym], Ceratoptera [synonym], Dicerobatus Blainville 1816 [synonym], Manta Bancroft 1829 [synonym], Paramobula Pfeil 1981 [synonym], Pterocephalus Swainson 1838 [synonym]
G. †Oromobula Adnet et al. 2012
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†Oromobula dakhlaensis Adnet et al. 2012
G. †Plinthicus Cope 1869
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†Plinthicus stenodon Cope 1869
Fm. Myliobatidae Bonaparte 1838 [eagle ray]
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G. Aetomylaeus Garman 1908
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†Aetomylaeus cojimarensis Iturralde-Vinent et al. 1998
†Aetomylaeus cubensis Iturralde-Vinent et al. 1998
†Aetomylaeus dixoni Agassiz 1843
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Invalid names: Myliobates eureodon Schafhautl 1863 [synonym], Myliobates gyratus Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Myliobates heteropleurus Agassiz 1843 [synonym], Myliobates obesus Leidy 1855 [synonym], Myliobates regley Agassiz 1835 [synonym], Myliobates rugosus Leidy 1855 [synonym], Myliobates thomasi Sauvage 1889 [synonym], Myliobatis copeanus Clark 1895 [synonym], Myliobatis fraasi Stromer 1905 [synonym], Myliobatis glottoides Cope 1870 [synonym], Myliobatis rectidens Cope 1870 [synonym]
†Aetomylaeus maculatus Gray 1832
†Aetomylaeus striatus Agassiz 1843
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Invalid names: Myliobates serratus Leidy 1855 [synonym], Myliobates transversalis Gibbes 1850 [synonym], Myliobatis leidyi Hay 1899 [synonym]
G. †Aktaua Case et al. 1996
G. †Amtaaguar De Pasqua et al. 2025
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†Amtaaguar crassus Gervais 1852
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Invalid names: Myliobatis magister Leidy 1876 [synonym]
G. †Apocopodon Cope 1885
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†Apocopodon sericeus Cope 1885
G. †Brachyrhizodus Romer 1942
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Invalid names: Brachyrhizodus Romer 1942 [objective synonym]
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G. †Garabatis Cappetta 1993
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†Garabatis atlasi Cappetta 1993
G. †Hypolophites Stromer 1910
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†Hypolophites mayombensis Leriche 1913
†Hypolophites thaleri Cappetta 1972
G. †Igdabatis Cappetta 1972
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†Igdabatis indicus Prasad and Cappetta 1993
†Igdabatis marmii Blanco 2018
†Igdabatis sigmodon Cappetta 1972
G. †Leidybatis Cappetta 1986
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†Leidybatis granulosus Cappetta 1986
†Leidybatis jugosus Leidy 1876
G. †Lophobatis Cappetta 1986
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†Lophobatis phosphaticus Cappetta 1986
G. †Meridiania Case 1994
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†Meridiania convexa Case 1994
G. †Mesobatis Leidy 1877
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†Mesobatis eximius Leidy 1855
G. Myliobatis Cuvier 1816
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†Myliobates acutus Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates americanus Bravard 1858
†Myliobates canaliculatus Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates dixoni Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates goniopleurus Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates jugalis Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates lateralis Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates marginalis Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates micropleurus Agassiz 1835
†Myliobates owenii Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates punctatus Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates sternbergii Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates stokesii Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates suturalis Agassiz 1835
†Myliobatis affinis Chapman and Cudmore 1924
†Myliobatis altus Davis 1888
†Myliobatis aquila Linnaeus 1758
†Myliobatis arcuatus Davis 1888
†Myliobatis bilobatus Dartevelle and Casier 1943
†Myliobatis bisulcus Marsh 1869
†Myliobatis bothriodon White 1926
Myliobatis californica Gill 1865 [bat ray]
†Myliobatis dimorphus Delfortrie 1872
†Myliobatis dispar Leriche 1913
†Myliobatis fastigiatus Leidy 1876
†Myliobatis faujasi Agassiz 1843
†Myliobatis foxhillsensis Hoganson et al. 2019
†Myliobatis frangens Eastman 1904
†Myliobatis funiculatus Delfortrie 1872
†Myliobatis gigas Cope 1868
†Myliobatis girondicus Pedroni 1844
†Myliobatis holmesii Gibbes 1849
†Myliobatis intermedius Dartevelle and Casier 1943
†Myliobatis kummeli Fowler 1911
Myliobatis latidens Woodward 1888
†Myliobatis leognanensis Delfortrie 1872
†Myliobatis llopisi Bauzá Rullán and Gómez Pallerola 1982
†Myliobatis merriami Jordan and Beal 1910
†Myliobatis microrhizus Delfortrie 1872
†Myliobatis monnieri Cappetta 1986
†Myliobatis moorabbinensis Chapman and Pritchard 1907
†Myliobatis mordax Leidy 1877
†Myliobatis nzadinensis Dartevelle and Casier 1943
†Myliobatis oligocaena Leriche 1910
†Myliobatis pachyodon Cope 1868
†Myliobatis pachyrhizodus Fowler 1911
†Myliobatis plicatilis Davis 1888
†Myliobatis prenticei Chapman and Cudmore 1924
†Myliobatis raouxi Arambourg 1952
†Myliobatis sulcidens Dartevelle and Casier 1943
†Myliobatis tennicaudatus Hector 1877
+
Invalid names: Myliobatis australis Macleay 1881 [synonym]
†Myliobatis toliapicus Agassiz 1843
†Myliobatis wurnoensis White 1934
Invalid names: Holorhinus Gill 1862 [synonym], Holorhinus Gill 1862 [synonym], Myliobates acutus Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates americanus Bravard 1858 [valid], Myliobates brongniarti Agassiz 1843 [nomen nudum], Myliobates brongniarti Agassiz 1843 [nomen nudum], Myliobates canaliculatus Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates dixoni Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates goniopleurus Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates jugalis Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates lateralis Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates marginalis Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates micropleurus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Myliobates nitidus Agassiz 1843 [nomen nudum], Myliobates nitidus Agassiz 1843 [nomen nudum], Myliobates owenii Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates punctatus Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates sternbergii Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates stokesii Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates suturalis Agassiz 1835 [valid], Myliobatis affinis Chapman and Cudmore 1924 [valid], Myliobatis altus Davis 1888 [valid], Myliobatis aquila Linnaeus 1758 [valid], Myliobatis aquila oligocaena Leriche 1910 [valid], Myliobatis arcuatus Davis 1888 [valid], Myliobatis bilobatus Dartevelle and Casier 1943 [valid], Myliobatis bisulcus Marsh 1869 [valid], Myliobatis bothriodon White 1926 [valid], Myliobatis californica Gill 1865 [valid], Myliobatis dimorphus Delfortrie 1872 [valid], Myliobatis dispar Leriche 1913 [valid], Myliobatis fastigiatus Leidy 1876 [valid], Myliobatis faujasi Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobatis foxhillsensis Hoganson et al. 2019 [valid], Myliobatis frangens Eastman 1904 [valid], Myliobatis funiculatus Delfortrie 1872 [valid], Myliobatis gigas Cope 1868 [valid], Myliobatis girondicus Pedroni 1844 [valid], Myliobatis holmesii Gibbes 1849 [valid], Myliobatis intermedius Dartevelle and Casier 1943 [valid], Myliobatis kummeli Fowler 1911 [valid], Myliobatis latidens Woodward 1888 [valid], Myliobatis leognanensis Delfortrie 1872 [valid], Myliobatis llopisi Bauzá Rullán and Gómez Pallerola 1982 [valid], Myliobatis merriami Jordan and Beal 1910 [valid], Myliobatis microrhizus Delfortrie 1872 [valid], Myliobatis monnieri Cappetta 1986 [valid], Myliobatis moorabbinensis Chapman and Pritchard 1907 [valid], Myliobatis mordax Leidy 1877 [valid], Myliobatis nzadinensis Dartevelle and Casier 1943 [valid], Myliobatis oligocaena Leriche 1910 [valid], Myliobatis pachyodon Cope 1868 [valid], Myliobatis pachyrhizodus Fowler 1911 [valid], Myliobatis plicatilis Davis 1888 [valid], Myliobatis prenticei Chapman and Cudmore 1924 [valid], Myliobatis raouxi Arambourg 1952 [valid], Myliobatis sulcidens Dartevelle and Casier 1943 [valid], Myliobatis tennicaudatus Hector 1877 [valid], Myliobatis toliapicus Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobatis vicomicanus Cope 1868 [valid], Myliobatis wurnoensis White 1934 [valid]
G. Myliobatis Cuvier 1816
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†Myliobates acutus Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates americanus Bravard 1858
†Myliobates canaliculatus Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates dixoni Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates goniopleurus Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates jugalis Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates lateralis Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates marginalis Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates micropleurus Agassiz 1835
†Myliobates owenii Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates punctatus Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates sternbergii Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates stokesii Agassiz 1843
†Myliobates suturalis Agassiz 1835
†Myliobatis affinis Chapman and Cudmore 1924
†Myliobatis altus Davis 1888
†Myliobatis aquila Linnaeus 1758
†Myliobatis arcuatus Davis 1888
†Myliobatis bilobatus Dartevelle and Casier 1943
†Myliobatis bisulcus Marsh 1869
†Myliobatis bothriodon White 1926
Myliobatis californica Gill 1865 [bat ray]
†Myliobatis dimorphus Delfortrie 1872
†Myliobatis dispar Leriche 1913
†Myliobatis fastigiatus Leidy 1876
†Myliobatis faujasi Agassiz 1843
†Myliobatis foxhillsensis Hoganson et al. 2019
†Myliobatis frangens Eastman 1904
†Myliobatis funiculatus Delfortrie 1872
†Myliobatis gigas Cope 1868
†Myliobatis girondicus Pedroni 1844
†Myliobatis holmesii Gibbes 1849
†Myliobatis intermedius Dartevelle and Casier 1943
†Myliobatis kummeli Fowler 1911
Myliobatis latidens Woodward 1888
†Myliobatis leognanensis Delfortrie 1872
†Myliobatis llopisi Bauzá Rullán and Gómez Pallerola 1982
†Myliobatis merriami Jordan and Beal 1910
†Myliobatis microrhizus Delfortrie 1872
†Myliobatis monnieri Cappetta 1986
†Myliobatis moorabbinensis Chapman and Pritchard 1907
†Myliobatis mordax Leidy 1877
†Myliobatis nzadinensis Dartevelle and Casier 1943
†Myliobatis oligocaena Leriche 1910
†Myliobatis pachyodon Cope 1868
†Myliobatis pachyrhizodus Fowler 1911
†Myliobatis plicatilis Davis 1888
†Myliobatis prenticei Chapman and Cudmore 1924
†Myliobatis raouxi Arambourg 1952
†Myliobatis sulcidens Dartevelle and Casier 1943
†Myliobatis tennicaudatus Hector 1877
+
Invalid names: Myliobatis australis Macleay 1881 [synonym]
†Myliobatis toliapicus Agassiz 1843
†Myliobatis wurnoensis White 1934
Invalid names: Holorhinus Gill 1862 [synonym], Holorhinus Gill 1862 [synonym], Myliobates acutus Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates americanus Bravard 1858 [valid], Myliobates brongniarti Agassiz 1843 [nomen nudum], Myliobates brongniarti Agassiz 1843 [nomen nudum], Myliobates canaliculatus Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates dixoni Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates goniopleurus Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates jugalis Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates lateralis Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates marginalis Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates micropleurus Agassiz 1835 [valid], Myliobates nitidus Agassiz 1843 [nomen nudum], Myliobates nitidus Agassiz 1843 [nomen nudum], Myliobates owenii Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates punctatus Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates sternbergii Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates stokesii Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobates suturalis Agassiz 1835 [valid], Myliobatis affinis Chapman and Cudmore 1924 [valid], Myliobatis altus Davis 1888 [valid], Myliobatis aquila Linnaeus 1758 [valid], Myliobatis aquila oligocaena Leriche 1910 [valid], Myliobatis arcuatus Davis 1888 [valid], Myliobatis bilobatus Dartevelle and Casier 1943 [valid], Myliobatis bisulcus Marsh 1869 [valid], Myliobatis bothriodon White 1926 [valid], Myliobatis californica Gill 1865 [valid], Myliobatis dimorphus Delfortrie 1872 [valid], Myliobatis dispar Leriche 1913 [valid], Myliobatis fastigiatus Leidy 1876 [valid], Myliobatis faujasi Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobatis foxhillsensis Hoganson et al. 2019 [valid], Myliobatis frangens Eastman 1904 [valid], Myliobatis funiculatus Delfortrie 1872 [valid], Myliobatis gigas Cope 1868 [valid], Myliobatis girondicus Pedroni 1844 [valid], Myliobatis holmesii Gibbes 1849 [valid], Myliobatis intermedius Dartevelle and Casier 1943 [valid], Myliobatis kummeli Fowler 1911 [valid], Myliobatis latidens Woodward 1888 [valid], Myliobatis leognanensis Delfortrie 1872 [valid], Myliobatis llopisi Bauzá Rullán and Gómez Pallerola 1982 [valid], Myliobatis merriami Jordan and Beal 1910 [valid], Myliobatis microrhizus Delfortrie 1872 [valid], Myliobatis monnieri Cappetta 1986 [valid], Myliobatis moorabbinensis Chapman and Pritchard 1907 [valid], Myliobatis mordax Leidy 1877 [valid], Myliobatis nzadinensis Dartevelle and Casier 1943 [valid], Myliobatis oligocaena Leriche 1910 [valid], Myliobatis pachyodon Cope 1868 [valid], Myliobatis pachyrhizodus Fowler 1911 [valid], Myliobatis plicatilis Davis 1888 [valid], Myliobatis prenticei Chapman and Cudmore 1924 [valid], Myliobatis raouxi Arambourg 1952 [valid], Myliobatis sulcidens Dartevelle and Casier 1943 [valid], Myliobatis tennicaudatus Hector 1877 [valid], Myliobatis toliapicus Agassiz 1843 [valid], Myliobatis vicomicanus Cope 1868 [valid], Myliobatis wurnoensis White 1934 [valid]
G. †Pseudaetobatus Cappetta 1986
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†Pseudaetobatus belli Cicimurri and Ebersole 2015
†Pseudaetobatus casieri Cappetta 1986
†Pseudaetobatus undulatus Cicimurri and Ebersole 2015
G. Pteromylaeus Garman 1913 [bull ray]
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Pteromylaeus bovinus Geoffroy St.-Hillaire 1817 [bull ray]
G. †Rhizochlatrus Santos and Travassos 1960
Invalid names: Aetobatinae [empty], Myliobatina [empty], Myliobatinae [empty], Palaeomyliobatis Santos and Travassos 1960 [nomen dubium], Palaeomyliobatis pirabensis Santos and Travassos 1960 [nomen dubium], Rhizochlatridae Santos and Travassos 1960 [synonym], Rhizochlatrus vidalis Santos and Travassos 1960 [nomen dubium]
+
G. Plesiobatis Nishida 1990
Fm. Potamotrygonidae Garman 1877
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G. Potamotrygon Garman 1877
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†Potamotrygon ucayalensis Adnet et al. 2014
Fm. Rhinopteridae Jordan and Evermann 1896 [cow-nosed ray]
+
G. †Eorhinoptera Case et al. 2011
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†Eorhinoptera grabdai Case et al. 2011
G. Rhinoptera Cuvier 1829 [cownose ray]
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Rhinoptera bonasus Mitchill 1815
†Rhinoptera daviesii Woodward 1889
†Rhinoptera dubius Leidy 1855
†Rhinoptera maja Udovichenko and Nessov 1987
†Rhinoptera marginata Saint-Hilaire 1809
†Rhinoptera prisca Woodward 1907
†Rhinoptera raeburni White 1934
†Rhinoptera rasilis Bohm 1926
†Rhinoptera schultzi Hiden 1995
†Rhinoptera sherboni White 1926
†Rhinoptera sherborni White 1926
†Rhinoptera smithi Jordan and Beal 1910
†Rhinoptera studeri Agassiz 1843
†Rhinoptera woodwardi Agassiz 1843
Invalid names: Micromesus Gill 1865 [synonym], Mylorhina Gill 1865 [synonym], Trikeras Harless 1850 [synonym], Trycera Doderlein 1884 [synonym], Zygobatis Agassiz 1838 [synonym]
G. †Zygzabatis Mendiola 1995
Fm. †Rhombodontidae Cappetta 1987
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G. †Pucabatis Cappetta 1975
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†Pucabatis hoffstetteri Cappetta 1975
G. †Rhombodus Dames 1881
+
†Rhombodus andriesi Noubhani and Cappetta 1994
†Rhombodus binkhorsti Dames 1881
+
Invalid names: Rhombodus haasi Dartevelle and Casier 1943 [synonym]
†Rhombodus ibericus Kriwet et al. 2007
†Rhombodus levis Cappetta and Case 1975
†Rhombodus meridionalis Arambourg 1952
†Rhombodus microdon Arambourg 1952
Fm. Urolophidae Gray 1851 [round ray]
+
+
†Urolophus crassicauda de Blainville 1818
†Urolophus cruciata Lacépède 1804
Urolophus halleri Cooper 1863
†Urolophus princeps Heckel 1854
Invalid names: Leiobatus Blainville 1816 [synonym], Trygonoptera Muller and Henle 1838 [synonym]
Invalid names: Urolophus crassicaudatus de Blainville 1818 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. †Urotrygonidae McEachran et al. 1996
+
G. Urotrygon Gill 1863
Fm. †Zanobatidae Fowler 1934
+
G. †Plesiozanobatus Marramà et al. 2020
+
†Plesiozanobatus egertoni de Zigno 1878
G. Zanobatus Garman 1913
Invalid names: Hexatrygonidae [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektobenthico
Diet: carnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-21 07:05:51
Modified: 2009-07-21 09:05:51
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Wagner 2023, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Oxfordian to the top of the Holocene or 157.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 154.8 Ma

Collections (820 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Oxfordian157.9 - 154.8France (Basse-Normandie) Dasyatidae indet. (74916)
Cretaceous143.1 - 66.0New Zealand (South Island) Trygon sp. (204190)
Late/Upper Hauterivian132.6 - 125.77United Kingdom (England) Dasyatis speetonensis (66420)
Early/Lower Albian113.2 - 110.1France (Champagne-Ardenne) Myliobatidae indet. (55335)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Brazil (Maranhão) Myliobatidae indet. (67225)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9France Dasyatis sp. (242279)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Egypt Gymnura laterialata (214508) Rhinoptera sp. (214509)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0Brazil (Pernambuco) Apocopodon sericeus, Rhinoptera prisca (167994)
Middle Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Kansas) Brachyrhizodus mcnultyi (35365)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (Alabama) Hypolophus sp. (3587)
Late/Upper Santonian - Middle Campanian85.7 - 72.2USA (Georgia) Rhombodus levis, Brachyrhizodus wichitaensis (35289)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Georgia) Brachyrhizodus wichitaensis, Rhombodus laevis (70720)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Maryland) Myliobatis obesus (127194)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (North Carolina) Dasyatidae indet., Rhombodus levis, Brachyrhizodus wichitaensis, Hypolophus sp., Protamia sp. (57918)
Judithian83.6 - 72.2USA (Texas) Dasyatidae indet. (14489)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Spain (Castilla y Leon) Rhombodus binkhorsti (28765)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (New Jersey) Brachyrhizodus wichitaensis, Rhombodus laevis (14455 221052) Rhombodus levis, Brachyrhizodus wichitaensis (32181)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Angola Brachyrhizodus wichitaensis (275709)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Delaware) Rhombodus levis, Brachyrhizodus wichitaensis (27570)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2France Rhombodus carentonensis (61351)