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Pteridospermales

Cycadopsida - Pteridospermales

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1967Pteridospermales Jain and Delevoryas
1982Pteridospermales Holmes

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
subkingdomEmbryophyta
phylumCycadophytaBessey 1907
RankNameAuthor
classCycadopsidaBrongniart 1843
orderPteridospermales
orderPteridospermales

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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G. †Bosea Srivastava 1975
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†Bosea indica Srivastava 1975
Bosea yervamora Linnaeus 1753
G. †Chiropteris Kurr 1845
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†Chiropteris barrealensis Frenguelli 1942
†Chiropteris coreanica Kimura and Kim 1988
†Chiropteris cuneata Carruthers 1872
†Chiropteris digitata Kurr 1858
†Chiropteris kawasakii Kon'no 1938
†Chiropteris manasiensis Gu and Hu 1979
†Chiropteris reniformis Kawasaki 1925
†Chiropteris williamsii Newberry 1891
†Chiropteris yuani Sze 1956
G. †Concaryon Loubiere 1956
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†Concaryon renaulti Loubiere 1956
G. †Marhwaseaphyllum Srivastava 1984
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†Marhwaseaphyllum hastatum Srivastava 1984
G. †Rewaphyllum Srivastava 1984
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†Rewaphyllum nidpurensis Srivastava 1984
G. †Rugapites Pant and Basu 1977
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†Rugapites spherica Pant and Basu 1977
G. †Rugaspermum Pant and Basu 1977
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†Rugaspermum insigne Pant and Basu 1977
†Rugaspermum media Pant and Basu 1977
†Rugaspermum obscura Pant and Basu 1977
G. †Rugatheca Pant and Basu 1977
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†Rugatheca nidpurensis Pant and Basu 1977
G. †Thinnfeldia Ettingshausen 1852
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†Thinnfeldia amarjolensis Sharma et al. 1971
†Thinnfeldia chunakhalensis Sah and Sukh-Dev 1958
†Thinnfeldia dutoiti Jain and Delevoryas 1967
†Thinnfeldia feistmanteli Johnston 1895
†Thinnfeldia fontainei Berry 1903
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Invalid names: Thinnfeldia variabilis Fontaine 1889 [replaced]
†Thinnfeldia granulata Fontaine 1889
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Invalid names: Acaciaephyllum longifolium Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Acaciaephyllum microphyllum Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Acaciaephyllum spatulatum Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Acaciaephyllum variabile Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Celastrophyllum proteoides Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
†Thinnfeldia hughesi Feistmantel 1882
†Thinnfeldia indica Feistmantel 1876
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Invalid names: Pecopteris salicifolia Morris 1863 [synonym]
†Thinnfeldia marylandica Fontaine 1905
†Thinnfeldia nirmali Roy 1973
†Thinnfeldia obtusifolia Johnston 1888
†Thinnfeldia reticulata Fontaine 1900
†Thinnfeldia rhomboidalis Ettingshausen 1927
†Thinnfeldia rotundiloba Fontaine 1889
G. †Thuringia Remy 1953
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Pennsylvanian to the top of the Paleogene or 323.40000 to 23.04000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 298.9 Ma

Collections (173 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Pennsylvanian323.4 - 298.9USA (Pennsylvania) Pteridospermales indet. (34027)
Asselian - Kungurian298.9 - 274.4Egypt Thinnfeldia sp. 1 (30102)
Sakmarian293.52 - 290.1Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Chiropteris sp. 1, Chiropteris sp. 2 (29479 29480)
Sakmarian - Artinskian293.52 - 283.3Brazil (Santa Catarina) Chiropteris sp. 1 (29469)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4India (Telangana) Thuringia callipteroides (224611)
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4Argentina (Santa Cruz) Chiropteris sp. 1 (29395)
Kungurian - Changhsingian283.3 - 251.902South Korea Chiropteris sp. 1 (30259)
Kungurian - Changhsingian283.3 - 251.902North Korea Chiropteris sp. 1 (30250)
Kungurian - Lopingian283.3 - 251.902North Korea Chiropteris sp. 1 (30248) Thinnfeldia sp. 1, Chiropteris sp. 1 (30252)
Roadian - Wordian274.4 - 264.28China (Henan) Chiropteris sp. 1 (29954)
Roadian - Wordian274.4 - 264.28China (Shanxi) Chiropteris sp. 1 (29874)
Wordian - Capitanian266.9 - 259.51South Korea Chiropteris sp. 1 (30268)
Wordian - Lopingian266.9 - 251.902India (Madhya Pradesh) Rewaphyllum nidpurensis, Rugapites spherica, Rugaspermum insigne, Rugaspermum media, Rugaspermum obscura, Rugatheca nidpurensis (30173)
Capitanian - Wuchiapingian264.28 - 254.14China (Henan) Chiropteris sp. 1 (29961)
Capitanian - Wuchiapingian264.28 - 254.14China (Hebei) Chiropteris sp. 1 (29849 29857 29861) Thinnfeldia sp. 1, Chiropteris sp. 1 (29860)
Capitanian - Wuchiapingian264.28 - 254.14Madagascar Thinnfeldia sp. 1 (30281 30284)
Capitanian - Wuchiapingian264.28 - 254.14China (Shaanxi) Chiropteris sp. 1 (29868 29870)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14China (Guangdong) Chiropteris sp. 1 (29825)
Lopingian259.51 - 251.902India (Chhattisgarh) Pecopteris odontopteroides (225408)
Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian259.51 - 251.902China (Jilin) Thinnfeldia sp. 1 (29826)