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Dinocerata (uintathere)
Taxonomy
Dinocerata was named by Marsh (1872). It is not extant.
It was reranked as the suborder Dinocerata by Cope (1875); it was synonymized subjectively with Dinocerea by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Amblypoda by Cope (1875); to Paenungulata by Simpson (1945); to Eparctocyona by McKenna (1975); to Uintatheriamorpha by Schoch and Lucas (1985); and to Eutheria by Carroll (1988).
It was reranked as the suborder Dinocerata by Cope (1875); it was synonymized subjectively with Dinocerea by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Amblypoda by Cope (1875); to Paenungulata by Simpson (1945); to Eparctocyona by McKenna (1975); to Uintatheriamorpha by Schoch and Lucas (1985); and to Eutheria by Carroll (1988).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. †Dinocerata Marsh 1872 [uintathere]
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Fm. †Prodinoceratidae Flerov 1952
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G. †Probathyopsis Simpson 1929
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†Probathyopsis harrisorum Patterson 1939
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Invalid names: Probathyopsis newbilli Patterson 1939 [synonym]
†Probathyopsis lysitensis Kelley and Wood 1954
†Probathyopsis praecursor Simpson 1929
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Invalid names: Probathyopsis successor Jepsen 1930 [synonym], Prouintatherium hobackensis Dorr, Jr. 1958 [synonym]
†Probathyopsis sinyuensis Chow and Tung 1962
Invalid names: Bathyopsoides Patterson 1939 [synonym], Prouintatherium Dorr, Jr. 1958 [synonym]
G. †Prodinoceras Matthew et al. 1929
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†Prodinoceras martyr Matthew et al. 1929
Invalid names: Ganatherium Tong 1979 [synonym], Houyanotherium Tong 1979 [synonym], Jiaoluotherium Tong 1979 [synonym], Mongolotherium Flerov 1952 [synonym], Phenaceras Tong 1979 [synonym], Pyrodon Zhai 1978 [synonym]
Fm. †Uintatheriidae Flower 1876
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Subfm. †Gobiatheriinae Flerov 1952
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G. †Gobiatherium Osborn and Granger 1932
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†Gobiatherium minutum Cheng and Ma 1990
†Gobiatherium mirificum Osborn and Granger 1932
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Invalid names: Gobiatherium major Qi 1987 [synonym]
Subfm. †Uintatheriinae Flower 1876
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G. †Eobasileus Cope 1872
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†Eobasileus cornutus Cope 1872
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Invalid names: Eobasileus uintensis Osborn 1929 [synonym], Uintacolotherium blayneyi Cook 1926 [synonym]
†Eobasileus furcatus Cope 1872
†Eobasileus galeatus Cope 1873
†Eobasileus pressicornis Cope 1872
Invalid names: Uintacolotherium Cook 1926 [synonym]
G. †Tetheopsis Cope 1885
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†Tetheopsis ingens Marsh 1885
†Tetheopsis speirianus Osborn 1881
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Invalid names: Tinoceras annectens Marsh 1885 [synonym], Tinoceras longiceps Marsh 1885 [synonym], Tinoceras stenops Marsh 1885 [synonym]
G. †Uintatherium Leidy 1872
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†Uintatherium anceps Marsh 1871
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Invalid names: Dinoceras agreste Marsh 1885 [synonym], Dinoceras cuneum Marsh 1885 [synonym], Dinoceras distans Marsh 1885 [synonym], Dinoceras lacustre Marsh 1872 [synonym], Dinoceras laticeps Marsh 1873 [synonym], Dinoceras lucare Marsh 1873 [synonym], Dinoceras mirabile Marsh 1872 [synonym], Dinoceras reflexum Marsh 1885 [synonym], Elachoceras parvum Scott 1886 [synonym], Loxolophodon furcatus Cope 1872 [synonym], Tinoceras affine Marsh 1885 [synonym], Tinoceras crassifrons Marsh 1885 [synonym], Tinoceras grande Marsh 1872 [synonym], Tinoceras hians Marsh 1885 [synonym], Tinoceras jugum Marsh 1885 [synonym], Tinoceras latum Marsh 1885 [synonym], Tinoceras pugnax Marsh 1885 [synonym], Tinoceras vagans Marsh 1885 [synonym], Uintamastix atrox Leidy 1872 [synonym], Uintatherium alticeps Scott 1886 [synonym], Uintatherium latifrons Marsh 1885 [synonym], Uintatherium leidianum Osborn et al. 1878 [synonym], Uintatherium princeps Osborn et al. 1878 [synonym], Uintatherium robustum Leidy 1872 [synonym], Uintatherium segne Marsh 1885 [synonym]
†Uintatherium insperatus Tong and Wang 1981
Invalid names: Dinoceras Marsh 1872 [synonym], Ditetrodon Cope 1885 [synonym], Elachoceras Scott 1886 [synonym], Octotomus Cope 1885 [synonym], Tinoceras Marsh 1872 [synonym], Uintamastix Leidy 1872 [synonym]
Invalid names: Bathyopsini Osborn 1898 [empty], Uintatheriini Flower 1876 [empty]
Invalid names: Gobiatheriidae Flerov 1952 [empty]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| R. M. Schoch and S. G. Lucas 1985 | Uintatheriamorphs in which P1/1 are extremely small or absent; P2/2 are submolariform; P3-4/3-4 molariform; metastylids present on P/2 - M/3; P/3 - M/3 metalophids oriented obliquely and inclined posteriorly; P/3 - M/3 with !arge, anteriorly set and isolated hypoco nids and hypoconid crests; entoconid crests and hypoconulid crests present on lower molars (lost in derived dinaceratans); inframandibular flange pre sent in most males (Node 5). |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Hopson 1973, Lucas and Schoch 1998 | |||||
Age range: base of the Late/Upper Paleocene to the top of the Lutetian or 59.24000 to 41.03000 Ma
Collections (149 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiffanian | USA (Wyoming) | Probathyopsis harrisorum (15057 53059 190412 190414 190418 190419 190427 190429 190442 190445 190465 190466 190467 190488 190492) Probathyopsis sp. (187515) | |
| Tiffanian - Clarkforkian | USA (Wyoming) | Probathyopsis praecursor (15211) | |
| Gashatan | China (Nei Mongol) | Prodinoceras efremovi (71076) Prodinoceras martyr (72203) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | China (Xin-jiang (Sinkiang)) | Prodinoceras diconicus, Houyanotherium primigenum, Houyanotherium simplum, Jiaoluotherium turfanense (176619) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | Mongolia (Ovorhangai) | Prodinoceras sp. (133401) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | Mongolia (Omnogov) | Dinocerata indet. (37008) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | China (Xinjiang) | Pyrodon xinjiangensis (36659) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | Mongolia (Omngov) | Prodinoceras martyr (133403) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | Mongolia | Prodinoceras sp. (133398) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Prodinoceras sp. (133391) Prodinoceras xinjiangensis (133389) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | USA (Wyoming) | Probathyopsis harrisorum (188220) | |
| Cf1 | USA (Wyoming) | Probathyopsis harrisorum (46649) | |
| Cf2 | USA (Wyoming) | Probathyopsis harrisorum (46651) Probathyopsis sp. (46679) | |
| Cf3 | USA (Wyoming) | Probathyopsis sp. (46676) | |
| Clarkforkian | USA (Colorado) | Bathyopsoides harrisorum, Probathyopsis newbilli (15253) Prodinoceras newbilli (15237 15246 15250 15251 15252) | |
| Clarkforkian | USA (Wyoming) | Bathyopsoides harrisorum (15093) Probathyopsis harrisorum (15183 164515 190431) Probathyopsis harrisorum, Probathyopsis praecursor (15176) Probathyopsis praecursor (15091 15094 15095 15099 15100 15102 15107 15109 15112 15114 15115 15121 15122 15126 15130 15137 15140 15154 15155 15158 15166 15167 15169 15171 15174 15179 15181 15196 15199 15207) Probathyopsis sp. (15072 15075 15089) Prouintatherium hobackensis (15076) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | China (Shandong) | Mongolotherium sp. (77929) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | China (Inner Mongolia) | Uintatherium sp., Gobiatherium major (195165) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | China (Hubei) | Gobiatherium minutum (175808) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Gobiatherium mirificum (75275 174920) Uintatherium sp. (174917) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | China (Henan) | Gobiatherium sp. (46196) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | China (Jiangxi) | Probathyopsis sinyuensis (182565) | |
| Arshantan | Kazakhstan | Gobiatherium mirificum (31009) | |
| Arshantan | China (Nei Mongol) | Gobiatherium mirificum (72184) | |
| Lostcabinian | USA (Wyoming) | Bathyopsis fissidens (15915 16078) Bathyopsis sp. (15903) | |
| Wasatchian | USA (Wyoming) | Bathyopsinae indet. (15841) Bathyopsis fissidens (15710 15839) Probathyopsis lysitensis (15558 15964) Uintatheriidae indet. (15548) | |
| Bridgerian | USA (Wyoming) | Bathyopsis fissidens (16207) Bathyopsis middleswarti (16094 16116 16307 16371 16375 16382 16387 16410) Bathyopsis sp. (15837 16415 16486) Dinoceras agreste, Dinoceras laticeps, Tinoceras latum (16417) Dinoceras lucare, Dinoceras mirabile, Uintatherium latifrons (16404) Uintatherium anceps (16086 16200 16211 16234 16235 16236 16250 16278 16406 16421 16442 16448 16647) Uintatherium mirabile (16213) Uintatherium sp. (16418 16425 16426) | |
| Bridgerian | USA (Colorado) | Bathyopsis fissidens (16241) Bathyopsis sp. (16239) Uintatheriidae indet. (16251) | |
| Lutetian | USA (California) | Uintatherium sp. (16662) | |
| Middle Eocene | China (Xinjiang) | Uintatherium insperatus (176333) | |
| Middle Eocene | China (Shandong) | Uintatherium sp. (175583) | |
| Middle Eocene | China (Henan) | Uintatherium insperatus (175802) | |
| Middle Eocene | Kyrgyzstan | Gobiatherium mirificum (177050 177051) | |
| Middle Eocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Dinocerata indet. (28779) | |
| Early/Lower Uintan | USA (Colorado) | Uintacolotherium blayneyi (16623) | |
| Early/Lower Uintan | USA (California) | Uintatheriinae indet. (16666) | |
| Early/Lower Uintan | USA (Wyoming) | Uintatherium anceps (186968) | |
| Uintan | USA (Wyoming) | Eobasileus cornutus (16648) Uintatheriinae indet. (16556 16561) | |
| Uintan | USA (Utah) | Eobasileus cornutus (16548 16659) Uintatherium anceps, Eobasileus uintensis (16656) Uintatherium sp. (16646) | |
| Uintan | USA (Texas) | Uintatherium anceps (16588) | |
| Uintan | USA (California) | Uintatherium sp. (16509) |