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Testudinini

Reptilia - Testudines - Testudinidae

Taxonomy
Testudinini was named by Batsch (1788). It is extant.

It was assigned to Testudininae by Vlachos (2021) and Perez-Garcia et al. (2022).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1788Testudinini Batsch
2021Testudinini Vlachos
2022Testudinini Perez-Garcia et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
RankNameAuthor
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
—Testudinata(Oppel 1811)
orderTestudinesBatsch 1788
suborderCryptodira
—Pantestudinoidea
superfamilyTestudinoidea
familyTestudinidaeBatsch 1788
subfamilyTestudininae
tribeTestudininiBatsch 1788
tribeTestudininiBatsch 1788

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Tr. Testudinini Batsch 1788
show all | hide all
G. Acinixys Siebenrock 1902
G. Chersine Merrem 1820
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†Chersine khosatzkyi Redkozubov et al. 2020
†Chersine lunellensis Almera and Bofill 1903
Invalid names: Eurotestudo Lapparent de Broin et al. 2006 [objective synonym]
G. Testudo Linnaeus 1758
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Subg. Testudo (Chersine) Merrem 1820
Subg. †Testudo (Stylemys) Leidy 1851
†Testudo amberiacensis Deperet 1894
†Testudo amiatae Pantanelli 1893
Testudo antakyensis Perala 1996
†Testudo antiqua Bronn 1831
†Testudo atlas Falconer and Cautley 1844
†Testudo bosporica Riabinin 1946
†Testudo brevitesta Vlachos and Tsoukala 2016
†Testudo brontops Marsh 1890
†Testudo burgenlandica Bachmayer and Mlynarski 1983
Testudo carinata Linnaeus 1758
†Testudo cautleyi Lydekker 1889
†Testudo cernovi Khosatzky 1948
†Testudo changshanensis Wei et al. 1975
Testudo costarricensis Segura Paguaga 1944
†Testudo craverii Portis 1879
†Testudo denizoti Bergounioux 1935
†Testudo despotti Szalai 1937
Testudo emys Schlegel and Müller 1840
†Testudo escheri Pictet and Humbert 1856
†Testudo eurysternum Gervais 1848
Testudo floweri Bodenheimer 1935
Testudo geometrica Linnaeus 1758
†Testudo globosa Portis 1890
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Invalid names: Testudo szalaii Mlynarski 1955 [synonym]
Testudo graeca Linnaeus 1758 [common tortoise]
†Testudo hellenica Garcia et al. 2020
Testudo hermanni Gmelin 1789 [Hermann's tortoise]
†Testudo hexagonata Cope 1893
†Testudo hipparionum Wiman 1930
†Testudo honanensis Wiman 1930
†Testudo houzei Dollo 1909
†Testudo hypercostata Wiman 1930
Testudo hypselonota Bourret 1941
Testudo ibera Pallas 1814 [Asia Minor spur-thighed tortoise]
Testudo indica Schneider 1783
†Testudo kalksburgensis Toula 1896
†Testudo kenitrensis Gmira 1993
Testudo kleinmanni Lortet 1883 [Egyptian tortoise]
†Testudo lamanonii Gray 1831
†Testudo larteti Pictet 1853
†Testudo lohanica Perez-Garcia et al. 2022
†Testudo lunanensis Yeh 1963
Testudo lutaria Linnaeus 1758
†Testudo margae Hooijer 1948
Testudo marginata Schoepff 1792 [Marginated tortoise]
†Testudo marmorum Gaudry 1862
†Testudo nanus Gilmore 1931
†Testudo neraudii Gray 1831
†Testudo oughlamensis Gmira et al. 2013
†Testudo pecorinii Abbazzi et al. 2008
†Testudo promarginata Reinach 1900
Testudo pusilla Linnaeus 1758
Testudo scabra Linnaeus 1758
†Testudo shansiensis Wiman 1930
†Testudo sharanensis Yeh 1965
†Testudo shensiensis Wiman 1930
†Testudo shilouensis Hsu et al. 1973
†Testudo sloanei Lydekker 1889
†Testudo sphaerica Wiman 1930
†Testudo steinheimensis Staesche 1931
†Testudo tarakliensis Riabinin 1918
Testudo terrestris Forsskal 1775 [Middle Eastern spur-thighed tortoise]
†Testudo ulanensis Gilmore 1931
†Testudo yunnanensis Yeh 1963
Invalid names: Pseudotestudo Loveridge and Williams 1957 [synonym], Testudo marginata cretensis Bachmayer et al. 1975 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
E. Vlachos 2021The members of Testudinini represented in the Greek fossil record can be easily distinguished by those belonging to Geochelonini (see above) based on several characters from the shell: small size, with individuals do not exceed 50 cm in carapace length; presence of cervical scute; no contact between marginal 6 and pleural 3.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialf
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: herbivoref
Diet 2: herbivoref
Reproduction: oviparousf
Created: 2005-08-26 07:16:55
Modified: 2005-09-09 16:16:46
Source: f = family, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Ernst and Barbour 1989, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Uintan to the top of the Holocene or 46.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 41.3 Ma

Collections (314 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Irdinmanhan56.0 - 37.71China (Nei Mongol) Testudo sp. (182111)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Belgium (Brussels) Testudo houzei (188445)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Mongolia Testudo ulanensis (127656)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Yunnan) Testudo yunnanensis, Testudo lunanensis (36668)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Nei Mongol) Testudo sp., Testudo sharanensis (174962)
Uintan46.2 - 39.7USA (California) Testudo sp. (16786)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region) Testudo lamanoni (31747)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (South Dakota) Testudo brontops (191398)
Late/Upper Eocene - Early/Lower Miocene37.2 - 15.97France (Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées) Testudo phosphoritarum (179194)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4China (Nei Mongol) Testudo nanus (178876)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1France (Tarn) Testudo denizoti (181101)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03France (Auvergne) Testudo roquesi (36690)
Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene33.9 - 15.97France (Bouches du Rhone) Testudo lamanonii (181100)
Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene33.9 - 15.97Costa Rica (Cartago) Testudo costarricensis (190141)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Georgia Testudo meschethica (182744)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03France (Tarn-et-Garonne) Testudo chailloti (181648)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03France (Bouches-du-Rhone) Testudo pusilla (181656)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Kazakhstan Testudo aralensis (74900)
MP 2828.4 - 23.03France (Quercy) Cheirogaster phosphoritarum (36712)
MP 3028.4 - 23.03Germany (Bavaria) Testudo sp. (84364)