PBDB Taxon

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Telmatherium

Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Brontotheriidae

Taxonomy

Telmatherium was named by Marsh (1872) [invalid emendation of Telmatherium]. Its type is Telmatherium validus.

It was assigned to Brontotheriidae by Earle (1891); to Lambdotheriinae by Hay (1902); to Titanotheriidae by Scott (1913); to Brontotheridae by Marsh (1872) and Carroll (1988); to Telmatheriinae by Osborn (1914) and Prothero and Schoch (1989); to Brontotheriinae by Mader (1998) and Mader (2008); and to Telmatheriina by Mihlbachler (2008).

Species

Manteoceras foris, Manteoceras pratensis, T. megarhinum, T. validum, T. validus (syn. T. cultridens, T. manteoceras, T. washakiensis) (type species)

Synonyms

Leurocephalus was named by Osborn et al. (1878).

It was synonymized subjectively with Telmatotherium by Earle (1891), Earle (1892) and Earle (1895); it was synonymized subjectively with Telmatherium by Hay (1902), Osborn (1929), Gazin (1976), Prothero and Schoch (1989), Mader (1989) and Mader (2008).

It was assigned to Perissodactyla by Osborn et al. (1878); and to Chalicotheriidae by Cope (1881).
Manteoceras was named by Hatcher (1895). Its type is Palaeosyops manteoceras.

It was synonymized subjectively with Telmatherium by Prothero and Schoch (1989), Mader (1989), Lucas and Williamson (1993), Mader and Alexander (1995), Hanson (1996) and Mader (2008).

It was assigned to Lambdotheriinae by Hay (1902); and to Manteoceratinae by Osborn (1908).
Manteoceras foris was named by Cook (1926). Its type specimen is DMNS 487, a mandible, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Telmatherium foris by Mader (1989) and Mader and Alexander (1995); it was considered a nomen dubium by Mihlbachler (2008).
Manteoceras pratensis was named by Cook (1926). Its type specimen is DMNS 489, a mandible, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was recombined as Telmatherium pratensis by Mader (1989) and Mader and Alexander (1995); it was considered a nomen dubium by Mihlbachler (2008).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1872	Telmatherium Marsh
1878	Leurocephalus Osborn et al. p. 42
1880	Telmatotherium Marsh
1881	Leurocephalus Cope p. 395
1891	Telmatotherium Earle p. 47
1895	Manteoceras Hatcher
1902	Telmatherium Hay p. 631
1902	Manteoceras Hay p. 632
1908	Manteoceras Osborn p. 403
1913	Telmatherium Scott p. 291
1914	Telmatherium Osborn p. 405
1926	Manteoceras foris Cook
1926	Manteoceras pratensis Cook
1926	Manteoceras foris Cook p. 18
1988	Telmatherium Carroll
1989	Telmatherium foris Mader
1989	Telmatherium pratensis Mader
1989	Telmatherium Prothero and Schoch p. 536
1995	Telmatherium foris Mader and Alexander
1995	Telmatherium pratensis Mader and Alexander
1998	Telmatherium Mader p. 530
2008	Telmatherium Mader
2008	Telmatherium Mihlbachler p. 413

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Panperissodactyla
superorder	Perissodactylamorpha
order	Perissodactyla	()
family	Brontotheriidae	()
subfamily	Brontotheriinae	Marsh 1873
genus	Telmatherium

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Telmatherium Marsh 1872

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†Telmatherium megarhinum Earle 1891

†Telmatherium validum Marsh 1872

†Telmatherium validus Marsh 1872

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Invalid names: Telmatherium cultridens Osborn et al. 1878 [synonym], Telmatherium manteoceras Osborn in Matthew 1899 [synonym], Telmatherium washakiensis Osborn 1908 [synonym]

Invalid names: Leurocephalus Osborn et al. 1878 [synonym], Manteoceras Hatcher 1895 [synonym], Telmatotherium Marsh 1872 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
H. F. Osborn et al. 1878 (Leurocephalus)	Upper incisors acute, with strong posterior ndges, lower incisors compressed and laniariform , canines compressed, with serrated cuttm'g edges; first upper premolar with rudimentary . anterior lobe, last upper molar with rudimentary postero- internal cusp. Molars constructed as m Pall2osyops, but higher, with sharper cones and more erect external lobes. Internal median valley very much deeper. Little or no depression at the forehead ; zygomatic arch round, compara- tively straight and does not project outwards, and with ob- scure postorbital process. Premaxillaries short and straight. Mandible with nearly straight lower margin, and shallow masseteric fossa ; mental foramen single.
B. J. Mader 2008	Medium to moderately large-sized (length P2 to M3 approximately 160–190 mm) brontotheri- ine brontothere with a small but distinctive horn-like prominence developed on the frontonasal boundary over facial concavity and a deep pit-like fossa in the middle of the sagittal crest near the back of the skull.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialsubc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

ground dwellingf

Diet:

browserf

Reproduction:

viviparoussubc

Created:

2005-08-31 14:53:16

Modified:

2005-08-31 16:53:16

Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988, Mader 1998

Age range: base of the Bridgerian to the top of the Duchesnean or 50.30000 to 37.00000 Ma

Collections (14 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (New Mexico)	Manteoceras sp. (16197) T. manteoceras (16230)
Bridgerian	50.3 - 46.2	USA (Wyoming)	Manteoceras manteoceras (16193 16235 16244 16407 16427) T. cultridens (16236 16406 16424) T. cultridens, T. validum (16213) T. sp. (16647 202164)
Duchesnean	39.7 - 37.0	USA (Wyoming)	T. cultridens (16826)