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Borophagus pugnator

Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae

Taxonomy
Porthocyon pugnator was named by Cook (1922). Its type locality is Wray, which is in a Hemphillian terrestrial horizon in Colorado.

It was recombined as Aelurodon pugnator by Matthew (1924), Matthew and Stirton (1930); it was recombined as Osteoborus pugnator by Stirton and VanderHoof (1933), Stirton (1939), VanderHoof and Gregory (1940), Richey (1979), Munthe (1998); it was recombined as Borophagus pugnator by VanderHoof (1931), Wang et al. (1999), Wang et al. (2008), Tseng and Geisler (2016).

Synonyms
  • Osteoborus galushai was named by Webb (1969). Its type specimen is F:AM 61671, 61672, a mandible, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Mixson's Bone Bed, which is in a Hemphillian terrestrial horizon in the Alachua Formation of Florida.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Borophagus pugnator by Wang et al. (1999).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1922Porthocyon pugnator Cook
1924Aelurodon pugnator Matthew
1930Aelurodon pugnator Matthew and Stirton
1931Borophagus pugnator VanderHoof
1933Osteoborus pugnator Stirton and VanderHoof p. 178
1939Osteoborus pugnator Stirton
1940Osteoborus pugnator VanderHoof and Gregory
1969Osteoborus galushai Webb
1979Osteoborus pugnator Richey
1998Osteoborus pugnator Munthe
1999Borophagus pugnator Wang et al.
2008Borophagus pugnator Wang et al.
2016Borophagus pugnator Tseng and Geisler p. 2 figs. Table 1

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
familyCanidae
subfamilyBorophaginae
genusBorophagus
speciespugnator(Cook 1922)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Borophagus pugnator Cook 1922
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Invalid names: Osteoborus galushai Webb 1969 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
R. A. Stirton and V. L. VanderHoof 1933Rostrum short, frontals not so abruptly elevated from level of nasals as in O. cyonoides, similar to O. littoralis; P2-3 with relatively high median cusps; no anterior and posterior cusps on P2-3 except a vestigial posterior cusp on P3; P1 with one root, P2-3 with two roots; P3 relatively long, and higher than O. cyonoides; talon of M1 similar to that in O. cyonoides and horizontal ramus not so strongly deflected outwardly below p4; p1 not vestigial, but with one root; p2 with two roots; p3 with widely separated roots, relatively high median cusp and no posterior vestigial cusp.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: carnivoreg
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2009-01-04 14:34:14
Modified: 2009-01-04 16:34:14
Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1991, Hendy et al. 2009, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988, Van Valkenburgh 1988, Lillegraven 1979

Age range: base of the Clarendonian to the top of the Hemphillian or 12.50000 to 4.70000 Ma

Collections (18 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Idaho) Borophagus pugnator (19023)
Late/Upper Clarendonian12.5 - 9.4USA (Oregon) Borophagus pugnator (19036)
Hemphillian9.4 - 4.7USA (Nebraska) Borophagus pugnator (18193 18254)
Hemphillian9.4 - 4.7USA (Colorado) Osteoborus pugnator (type locality: 18495)
Hemphillian9.4 - 4.7USA (Texas) Osteoborus pugnator (18072)
Hemphillian9.4 - 4.7USA (Florida) Borophagus pugnator (18504 18565 18601 18602) Osteoborus galushai (18545 18563)
Hemphillian9.4 - 4.7USA (Kansas) Borophagus pugnator (18111) Osteoborus cyonoides (18342) Osteoborus sp. (18415)
Late/Upper Hemphillian9.4 - 4.7USA (Florida) Borophagus pugnator (18513 18532 18573)