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Aristolochiaceae
Taxonomy
Aristolochiaceae was named by de Jussieu (1789). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Chase and Reveal (2009).
It was assigned to Aristolochiales by Knowlton (1919), Mabberley (2000); and to Piperales by Chase and Reveal (2009), The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016).
It was assigned to Aristolochiales by Knowlton (1919), Mabberley (2000); and to Piperales by Chase and Reveal (2009), The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1789 | Aristolochiaceae de Jussieu |
| 1821 | Hydnoraceae Agardh |
| 1888 | Lactoridaceae Engler |
| 1919 | Aristolochiaceae Knowlton |
| 2000 | Aristolochiaceae Mabberley |
| 2000 | Hydnoraceae Mabberley |
| 2000 | Lactoridaceae Mabberley |
| 2009 | Aristolochiaceae Chase and Reveal |
| 2016 | Aristolochiaceae The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group pp. 5, 14 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Aristolochiaceae de Jussieu 1789
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G. Aristolochia Linnaeus 1753 [birthwort]
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Aristolochia arborescens Linnaeus 1753
Aristolochia batica Linnaeus 1753
Aristolochia bilobata Linnaeus 1753
Aristolochia clematitis Linnaeus 1753
†Aristolochia crassifolia Newberry 1868
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Invalid names: Aristolochia cordifolia Newberry 1868 [synonym]
†Aristolochia elongata Knowlton 1917
Aristolochia hirta Linnaeus 1753
Aristolochia indica Linnaeus 1753
Aristolochia longa Linnaeus 1753
†Aristolochia mortua Cockerell 1908
†Aristolochia obscura Lesquereux 1861
†Aristolochia oeningensis Heer 1856
Aristolochia peltata Linnaeus 1753
Aristolochia pistolochia Linnaeus 1753
Aristolochia rotunda Linnaeus 1753
Aristolochia sempervirens Linnaeus 1753
Aristolochia serpentaria Linnaeus 1753
Aristolochia trilobata Linnaeus 1753
†Aristolochia wilcoxiana Berry 1916
†Aristolochia williardiana Knowlton 1916
G. †Aristolochiaephyllum Fontaine 1889
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†Aristolochiaephyllum cellulare Ward 1905
†Aristolochiaephyllum crassinerve Fontaine 1889
G. †Aristolochioxylon Kulkarni and Patil 1977
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†Aristolochioxylon prakashii Kulkarni and Patil 1977
G. †Aristolochites Heer 1866
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†Aristolochites acutus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites apicalis Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites brandonianus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites coniodeus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites crassicostatus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites cuneatus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites curvatus Lesquereux 1861
†Aristolochites dentata Heer 1866
†Aristolochites dubius Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites elegans Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites excavatus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites globosus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites infundibuliformis Lesquereux 1876
†Aristolochites irregularis Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites latisulcatus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites majus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites ovoides Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites rugosus Perkins 1904
†Aristolochites sulcatus Perkins 1904
Invalid names: Asaraceae Vent [synonym], Hydnoraceae Agardh 1821 [synonym], Lactoridaceae Engler 1888 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016 | 12 [15]. *Aristolochiaceae Juss., nom. cons. (including Asaraceae Vent., Hydnoraceae C.Agardh, nom. cons., Lactoridaceae Engl., nom. cons.)
There are no alterations among the ANA grade or the magnoliid families and orders, except for inclusion of Hydnoraceae and Lactoridaceae in Aristolochiaceae due to paraphyly of the last (Massoni, Forest & Sauquet, 2014). It has been known that Lactoris Phil. was embedded in Aristolochiaceae (Qiu et al., 2005; Wanke et al., 2007), but this placement was considered by some to be an artefact due to a long-branch problem. No study has yet supported this hypothesis, so it seems appropriate to make this change in circumscription. Hydnoraceae have also recently been shown to be nested in Aristolochiaceae (Naumann et al., 2013; Massoni et al., 2014). |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: p = phylum | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Maastrichtian to the top of the Chadronian or 72.20000 to 33.90000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 66.0 Ma
Collections (12 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Wyoming) | Aristolochites brittoni (34922) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Argentina (Chubut) | Rosannia manika (151452) | |
| Maastrichtian | Argentina (Chubut) | Rosannia manika (31653 199410) | |
| Danian | Argentina (Chubut) | Rosannia manika (151456 239892) | |
| Danian | Argentina (Buenos Aires) | Rosannia manika (168421 168422 168433) | |
| Paleogene | India (Maharashtra) | Aristolochioxylon prakashii (225724) | |
| Bridgerian | USA (Wyoming) | Aristolochia mortua (21389) | |
| Chadronian | USA (Colorado) | Aristolochia mortua (24209) |