PBDB Taxon

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Cunnolites polymorphus

Anthozoa - Scleractinia - Cunnolitidae

Taxonomy

Fungia polymorpha was named by Goldfuss (1826). It is not extant.

It was recombined as Cyclolites polymorpha by Milne-Edwards and Haime (1860); it was recombined as Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

C. felixi, C. trifurcata, C. depressa

Synonyms

Cyclolites reussi was named by Fromentel (1870). It is not extant.

It was recombined as Plesiocunnolites reussi by Beauvais (1964); it was recombined as Cunnolites reussi by Turnsek (1997); it was synonymized subjectively with Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Fungia sellata was named by Quenstedt (1880). It is not extant.

It was recombined as Plesiocunnolites sellatus by Beauvais (1964); it was recombined as Cunnolites sellata by Turnsek (1997); it was synonymized subjectively with Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Cyclolites ranikoti was named by Duncan (1880). It is not extant. Its type locality is Jhirk, Sind, Pakistan, which is in a Selandian/Thanetian reef, buildup or bioherm horizon in Pakistan.

It was synonymized subjectively with Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Cyclolites vicaryi was named by Duncan (1880). It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Cyclolites krumbecki was named by de Stefani (1913).

It was synonymized subjectively with Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Fungia sororiae was named by Quenstedt (1881).

It was recombined as Cyclolites sororiae by Oppenheim (1930); it was recombined as Cunnolites sororius by Beauvais (1964); it was synonymized subjectively with Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Cyclolites regularis was named by Leymerie (1880).

It was recombined as Cunnolites regularis by Baron-Szabo (2002); it was synonymized subjectively with Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Fungia dispar was named by Quenstedt (1881).

It was recombined as Cunnolites dispar by Baron-Szabo (2002); it was synonymized subjectively with Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Cunnolites planialpici was named by Alloiteau (1957).

It was synonymized subjectively with Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).
Fungia undulata was named by Goldfuss (1826).

It was recombined as Cunnolites undulata by Turnsek (1997); it was recombined as Cunnolites undulatus by Baron-Szabo (2002); it was recombined as Cyclolites undulatus by Löser (2002); it was synonymized subjectively with Cunnolites polymorphus by Baron-Szabo (2008).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1826	Fungia polymorpha Goldfuss
1826	Fungia undulata Goldfuss
1860	Cyclolites polymorpha Milne-Edwards and Haime
1870	Cyclolites reussi Fromentel
1880	Cyclolites ranikoti Duncan
1880	Cyclolites vicaryi Duncan
1880	Cyclolites regularis Leymerie
1880	Fungia sellata Quenstedt
1881	Fungia dispar Quenstedt
1881	Fungia sororiae Quenstedt
1913	Cyclolites krumbecki de Stefani
1930	Cyclolites sororiae Oppenheim
1957	Cunnolites planialpici Alloiteau
1964	Cunnolites sororius Beauvais
1964	Plesiocunnolites reussi Beauvais
1964	Plesiocunnolites sellatus Beauvais
1997	Cunnolites reussi Turnsek
1997	Cunnolites sellata Turnsek
1997	Cunnolites undulata Turnsek
2002	Cunnolites dispar Baron-Szabo
2002	Cunnolites regularis Baron-Szabo
2002	Cunnolites undulatus Baron-Szabo
2002	Cyclolites undulatus Löser
2008	Cunnolites polymorphus Baron-Szabo

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
phylum	Cnidaria	Hatschek 1888
class	Anthozoa	Ehrenberg 1834
—	Hexacorallia	()
order	Scleractinia	Bourne 1900

Rank	Name	Author
suborder	Microsolenina	Morycowa and Roniewicz 1995
family	Cunnolitidae	Alloiteau 1952
genus	Cunnolites	Gagnebin 1772
species	polymorphus	(Goldfuss 1826)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Cunnolites polymorphus Goldfuss 1826

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Invalid names: Cunnolites dispar Quenstedt 1881 [synonym], Cunnolites planialpici Alloiteau 1957 [synonym], Cunnolites regularis Leymerie 1880 [synonym], Cunnolites reussi Fromentel 1870 [synonym], Cunnolites sellata Quenstedt 1880 [synonym], Cunnolites sororius Quenstedt 1881 [synonym], Cyclolites krumbecki de Stefani 1913 [synonym], Cyclolites ranikoti Duncan 1880 [synonym], Cyclolites undulata Goldfuss 1826 [synonym], Cyclolites vicaryi Duncan 1880 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragoniteo

Grouping:

colonialo

Clonal:

yeso

Environment:

marineo

Locomotion:

stationaryo

Attached:

yeso

Life habit:

intermediate-level epifaunalo

Diet:

suspension feederg

Vision:

blindc

Reproduction:

alternatingo

Asexual:

yeso

Dispersal:

watero

Dispersal 2:

planktonico

Created:

2004-02-29 09:14:11

Modified:

2004-02-29 11:14:11

Source: g = genus, o = order, c = class

Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Santonian to the top of the Thanetian or 86.30000 to 56.00000 Ma

Collections (25 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Santonian	86.3 - 83.6	Austria	Cunnolites polymorphus (74895)
Santonian	86.3 - 83.6	Germany	Cunnolites undulatus (74484)
Santonian - Campanian	86.3 - 72.1	Slovenia	Cunnolites reussi (91742) Cunnolites reussi, Cunnolites dispar (68737) Cunnolites sellata, Cunnolites undulata (68738)
Campanian	83.6 - 72.1	Spain	Cunnolites sp. (67084)
Campanian	83.6 - 72.1	Serbia and Montenegro	Cunnolites reussi, Cunnolites polymorphus, Cunnolites sororius (79223)
Campanian	83.6 - 72.1	Portugal	Cunnolites regularis (74563)
Campanian	83.6 - 72.1	Bulgaria	Cunnolites sororius, Cunnolites undulatus (67573)
Campanian - Maastrichtian	83.6 - 66.0	China (Xizang)	Cunnolites regularis (74288 74290)
Early/Lower Campanian	83.5 - 70.6	Turkey	Cyclolites undulatus (74506)
Late/Upper Campanian	83.5 - 70.6	Serbia and Montenegro	Cyclolites polymorpha (87672)
Late/Upper Campanian - Maastrichtian	83.5 - 66.0	United Arab Emirates	Cunnolites sororius (67456)
Maastrichtian	72.1 - 66.0	Serbia and Montenegro	Cunnolites ellipticus (79222) Cunnolites polymorphus, Cunnolites sororius (79224)
Maastrichtian	72.1 - 66.0	Bulgaria	Cunnolites reussi, Cunnolites sororius, Cunnolites planialpici (67569) Cunnolites reussi, Cunnolites sororius, Cunnolites undulatus (67572) Cunnolites reussi, Cunnolites undulatus (67574)
Maastrichtian	72.1 - 66.0	Libya	Cyclolites krumbecki (87599)
Maastrichtian	72.1 - 66.0	Saudi Arabia	Cunnolites reussi (85302 85306 85308) Cunnolites undulata (85305)
Selandian - Thanetian	61.6 - 56.0	Pakistan (Sind)	Cyclolites ranikoti, Cyclolites vicaryi (11289)