PBDB Taxon

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Procolophonoidea

Reptilia

Taxonomy

Procolophonoidea was named by Romer (1956). It is not extant. It is the type superfamily of Procolophonia. It was considered monophyletic by Lee (1995), Lee (1997), Modesto and Damiani (2007).

It was reranked as the suborder Procolophonoidea by Haubold (1971), Spencer and Benton (2000).

It was assigned to Diadectomorpha by Romer (1956); to Procolophonomorpha by Haubold (1971); to Procolophonia by Daly (1973), Lavina (1983), Carroll (1988); to Procolophoniformes by Lee (1995); to Procolophonia by Lee (1997), Reisz and Scott (2002), Modesto and Damiani (2007); to Parareptilia by Cisneros et al. (2004), Cisneros (2008); and to Parareptilia by Spencer and Benton (2000), Hamley et al. (2020), Butler et al. (2023).

Subtaxa

Owenettidae, Pintosaurus, Procolophonichnium (syn. Contiichnus), Procolophonidae, Tichvinskia jugensis

Synonyms

Tichvinskia jugensis was named by Vjushkov and Chudinov (1956). Its type specimen is PIN 2252/368 (formerly 19/2252-368), a partial skull (mandible and maxilla), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Vakhnevo locality, which is in an Olenekian fluvial sandstone in the Russian Federation.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Spencer and Benton (2000).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1956	Procolophonoidea Romer p. 486
1956	Tichvinskia jugensis Vjushkov and Chudinov p. 142 figs. 1-3
1971	Procolophonoidea Haubold p. 31
1973	Procolophonoidea Daly p. 586
1983	Procolophonoidea Lavina p. 53
1988	Procolophonoidea Carroll
1995	Procolophonoidea Lee pp. 508, 511 fig. 22
1997	Procolophonoidea Lee pp. 256, 260 fig. 22
2000	Procolophonoidea Spencer and Benton p. 161
2002	Procolophonoidea Reisz and Scott p. 244
2004	Procolophonoidea Cisneros et al. p. 1542 fig. 3
2007	Procolophonoidea Modesto and Damiani p. 338
2008	Procolophonoidea Cisneros p. 14
2008	Tichvinskia jugensis Ivakhnenko
2020	Procolophonoidea Hamley et al.
2023	Procolophonoidea Butler et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Parareptilia	Lawrence 1868
superfamily	Procolophonoidea
superfamily	Procolophonoidea

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. †Procolophonoidea Romer 1956

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Fm. †Owenettidae Broom 1939

G. †Barasaurus Piveteau 1955

†Barasaurus besairiei Piveteau 1955

G. †Candelaria Price 1947

†Candelaria barbouri Price 1947

G. †Owenetta Broom 1939

†Owenetta rubidgei Broom 1939

Invalid names: Colubrifer Carroll 1982 [synonym], Colubrifer campi Carroll 1982 [invalid subgroup]

G. †Saurodektes Modesto et al. 2004

†Saurodektes rogersorum Modesto et al. 2003

Invalid names: Owenetta kitchingorum Reisz and Scott 2002 [synonym]

Invalid names: Saurodectes Modesto et al. 2003 [replaced]

G. †Pintosaurus Pineiro et al. 2004

†Pintosaurus magnidentis Pineiro et al. 2004

G. †Procolophonichnium Nopcsa 1923

†Procolophonichnium haarmuehlensis Holst et al. 1970

†Procolophonichnium nopcsai Nopcsa 1923

†Procolophonichnium polonicum Ptaszynski 1990

†Procolophonichnium tirolensis Ceoloni et al. 1988

Invalid names: Chelichnus tazelwurmi Ceoloni et al. 1988 [synonym], Paradoxichnium radeinensis Ceoloni et al. 1988 [synonym], Prochirotherium permicum Leonardi 1951 [synonym]

†Procolophonichnium winterswijkense Demathieu and Oosterink 1983

Invalid names: Contiichnus Citton et al. 2017 [synonym]

Fm. †Procolophonidae Lydekker 1889

G. †Acadiella Sues and Baird 1998

†Acadiella psalidodon Sues and Baird 1998

G. †Coletta Gow 2000

†Coletta seca Gow 2000

G. †Contritosaurus Ivakhnenko 1974

G. †Eomurruna Hamley et al. 2021

†Eomurruna yurrgensis Hamley et al. 2021

G. †Estheriophagus Novozhilov 1948

G. †Eumetabolodon Li 1983

†Eumetabolodon bathycephalus Li 1983

G. †Gomphiosauridion Sues and Olsen 1993

†Gomphiosauridion baileyae Sues and Olsen 1993

G. †Haligonia Sues and Baird 1998

†Haligonia bolodon Sues and Baird 1998

G. †Kitchingnathus Cisneros 2008

†Kitchingnathus untabeni Cisneros 2008

G. †Koiloskiosaurus Huene 1911

†Koiloskiosaurus coburgiensis Huene 1911

G. †Lasasaurus Falconnet et al. 2012

†Lasasaurus beltanae Falconnet et al. 2012

Subfm. †Leptopleuroninae Ivakhnenko 1979

G. †Anomoiodon Huene 1939

†Anomoiodon krejcii Ortlam 1967

†Anomoiodon liliensterni Huene 1939

G. †Cornualbus Silva-Neves et al. 2024

†Cornualbus primus Silva-Neves et al. 2024

G. †Hwiccewyrm Butler et al. 2023

†Hwiccewyrm trispiculum Butler et al. 2023

G. †Hypsognathus Gilmore 1928

†Hypsognathus fenneri Gilmore 1928

G. †Kapes Ivakhnenko 1975

†Kapes amaenus Ivakhnenko 1975

†Kapes bentoni Spencer and Storrs 2002

†Kapes komiensis Ivakhnenko 1975

†Kapes majmesculae Ochev 1968

Invalid names: Kapes serotinus Novikov 1991 [synonym]

Invalid names: Macrophon Ivakhnenko 1975 [synonym]

G. †Leptopleuron Owen 1851

†Leptopleuron lacertinum Owen 1851

Invalid names: Telerpeton elginense Mantell 1852 [objective synonym]

Invalid names: Telerpeton Mantell 1852 [objective synonym]

G. †Libognathus Small 1997

†Libognathus sheddi Small 1997

G. †Mandaphon Tsuji 2018

†Mandaphon nadra Tsuji 2018

G. †Phonodus Modesto et al. 2010

†Phonodus dutoitorum Modesto et al. 2010

G. †Sclerosaurus von Meyer 1857

†Sclerosaurus armatus von Meyer 1857

Invalid names: Labyrinthodon ruetimeyeri Wiedersheim 1878 [synonym]

Invalid names: Aristodesmus Seeley 1895 [synonym]

G. †Scoloparia Sues and Baird 1998

†Scoloparia glyphanodon Sues and Baird 1998

G. †Soturnia Cisneros and Schultz 2003

†Soturnia caliodon Cisneros and Schultz 2003

G. †Theledectes Modesto and Damiani 2003

†Theledectes perforatus Gow 1977

G. †Myognathus

G. †Neoprocolophon Young 1957

†Neoprocolophon asiaticus Young 1957

G. †Oryporan Pinheiro et al. 2021

†Oryporan insolitus Pinheiro et al. 2021

G. †Pentaedrusaurus Li 1989

†Pentaedrusaurus ordosianus Li 1989

Subfm. †Procolophoninae Nopcsa 1928

G. †Myocephalus Broom 1936

†Myocephalus crassidens Broom 1936

G. †Orenburgia Ivakhnenko 1975

†Orenburgia bruma Ivakhnenko 1983

†Orenburgia concinna Ivakhnenko 1975

Invalid names: Insulophon morachovskayae Novikov 1992 [synonym], Lestanshoria massiva Novikov 1991 [synonym]

†Orenburgia enigmaticus Chudinov and Vjushkov 1956

Invalid names: Insulophon Novikov 1992 [synonym], Lestanshoria Novikov 1991 [synonym], Samaria Novikov 1991 [synonym]

G. †Procolina Borsuk−Białynicka and Lubka 2009

†Procolina teresae Borsuk−Białynicka and Lubka 2009

G. †Procolophon Owen 1876

†Procolophon trigoniceps Owen 1876

Invalid names: Procolophon baini Broom 1905 [synonym], Procolophon brasiliensis Cisneros and Schultz 2002 [synonym], Procolophon cuneiceps Seeley 1878 [synonym], Procolophon griersoni Seeley 1878 [synonym], Procolophon laticeps Seeley 1878 [synonym], Procolophon minor Owen 1876 [synonym], Procolophon platyrhinus Seeley 1905 [synonym], Procolophon pricei Lavina 1983 [synonym], Procolophon sphenorhinus Seeley 1905 [synonym]

G. †Timanophon Novikov 1991

†Timanophon raridentatus Novikov 1991

Invalid names: Microtheledon Broom 1936 [nomen dubium], Thelegnathus parvus Broom 1905 [nomen dubium]

G. †Procolophonoides Ivakhnenko 1979

G. †Sauropareion Modesto et al. 2001

†Sauropareion anoplus Modesto et al. 2001

G. †Smilodonterpeton Skinner et al. 2020

†Smilodonterpeton ruthinensis Skinner et al. 2020

G. †Spondylolestes Broom 1937

†Spondylolestes rubidgei Broom 1937

G. †Suchonosaurus Tverdochlebova and Ivakhnenko 1994

†Suchonosaurus minimus Tverdochlebova and Ivakhnenko 1994

G. †Teratophon Modesto and Damiani 2003

†Teratophon spinigenis Gow 1977

G. †Thelephon Modesto and Damiani 2003

†Thelephon contritus Gow 1977

G. †Thelerpeton Modesto and Damiani 2003

†Thelerpeton oppressus Gow 1977

G. †Tichvinskia Chudinov and Vjushkov 1956

†Tichvinskia burtensis Ochev 1958

†Tichvinskia vjatkensis Chudinov and Vjushkov 1956

Invalid names: Burtensia Ivakhnenko 1975 [synonym]

G. †Youngetta Hamley et al. 2020

†Youngetta dongshengensis Li 1983

Invalid names: Paoteodon Chow and Sun 1960 [nomen dubium], Spondylolestidae Ivakhnenko 1979 [invalid subgroup], Thelegnathus Broom 1905 [nomen dubium], Thelegnathus browni Broom 1905 [nomen dubium]

Invalid names: Tichvinskia jugensis Vjushkov and Chudinov 1956 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available