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Brachycrus laticeps
Taxonomy
Merycochoerus laticeps was named by Douglass (1900). Its type specimen is CM796, a partial skeleton (a nearly complete skull and lower jaw with some other bone fragments), and it is a 3D body fossil.
It was recombined as Pronomotherium laticeps by Douglass (1907) and Thorpe (1937); it was recombined as Brachycrus laticeps by Schultz and Falkenbach (1940), Kelly and Lander (1988), Lander (1998), Tabrum and Nichols (2001), Stevens and Stevens (2007) and Stevens et al. (2023).
It was recombined as Pronomotherium laticeps by Douglass (1907) and Thorpe (1937); it was recombined as Brachycrus laticeps by Schultz and Falkenbach (1940), Kelly and Lander (1988), Lander (1998), Tabrum and Nichols (2001), Stevens and Stevens (2007) and Stevens et al. (2023).
Subspecies
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1900 | Merycochoerus laticeps Douglass p. 428 figs. 1 - 3 |
1901 | Merycochoerus altiramus Douglass p. 73 fig. 1 |
1901 | Merycochoerus madisonius Douglass p. 75 fig. 2 |
1901 | Merycochoerus elrodi Douglass p. 78 fig. 3 |
1902 | Merycochoerus laticeps Hay p. 668 |
1907 | Pronomotherium altiramum Douglass |
1907 | Pronomotherium madisonium Douglass |
1907 | Pronomotherium laticeps Douglass p. 94 |
1907 | Pronomotherium altiramus Douglass p. 97 |
1909 | Pronomotherium altiramus Matthew |
1919 | Merycochoerus buwaldi Merriam |
1924 | Pronomotherium altiramus Thorpe |
1925 | Pronomotherium altiramus Thorpe |
1937 | Merycochoerus buwaldi Thorpe p. 152 figs. Fig. 112 |
1937 | Pronomotherium altiramus Thorpe p. 161 figs. Figs. 4, 114-116 |
1937 | Pronomotherium elrodi Thorpe p. 164 figs. Fig. 117; PI. XXIV, fig. 4 |
1937 | Pronomotherium laticeps Thorpe p. 165 figs. Fig. 118; PI. XXIV, figs. 1-3 |
1937 | Pronomotherium madisonium Thorpe p. 167 figs. Fig. 119; PI. XXIV, fig. 5 |
1940 | Brachycrus sweetwaterensis Schultz and Falkenbach |
1940 | Brachycrus buwaldi Schultz and Falkenbach p. 223 |
1940 | Brachycrus buwaldi barstowensis Schultz and Falkenbach p. 227 |
1940 | Brachycrus altiramus Schultz and Falkenbach p. 228 |
1940 | Brachycrus elrodi Schultz and Falkenbach p. 229 |
1940 | Brachycrus madisonius Schultz and Falkenbach p. 230 |
1940 | Brachycrus laticeps Schultz and Falkenbach p. 231 |
1940 | Brachycrus wilsoni Schultz and Falkenbach p. 242 |
1940 | Brachycrus wilsoni longensis Schultz and Falkenbach p. 247 fig. 9 |
1940 | Brachycrus sweetwaterensis Schultz and Falkenbach p. 250 |
1940 | Brachycrus vaughani Schultz and Falkenbach p. 252 |
1954 | Desmatochoerus newchicagoensis Schultz and Falkenbach p. 192 figs. 5, 7 |
1968 | Brachycrus buwaldi Schultz and Falkenbach |
1968 | Brachycrus vaughani rioosoensis Schultz and Falkenbach p. 367 figs. Figure 46 |
1968 | Brachycrus laticeps mooki Schultz and Falkenbach p. 369 figs. Figure 46 |
1988 | Brachycrus laticeps Kelly and Lander |
1998 | Brachycrus buwaldi Lander |
1998 | Brachycrus laticeps Lander |
2001 | Brachycrus laticeps Tabrum and Nichols |
2007 | Brachycrus laticeps Stevens and Stevens p. 164 |
2007 | Brachycrus wilsoni Stevens and Stevens p. 164 |
2023 | Brachycrus laticeps Stevens et al. p. 108 figs. Figures 90-94; Appendix 11C; Table A38 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Brachycrus laticeps Douglass 1900
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Invalid names: Brachycrus buwaldi barstowensis Schultz and Falkenbach 1940 [synonym], Brachycrus laticeps mooki Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 [invalid subgroup], Brachycrus sweetwaterensis Schultz and Falkenbach 1940 [synonym], Brachycrus vaughani Schultz and Falkenbach 1940 [synonym], Brachycrus vaughani rioosoensis Schultz and Falkenbach 1968 [synonym], Brachycrus wilsoni Schultz and Falkenbach 1940 [synonym], Desmatochoerus newchicagoensis Schultz and Falkenbach 1954 [synonym], Merycochoerus altiramus Douglass 1901 [synonym], Merycochoerus buwaldi Merriam 1919 [synonym], Merycochoerus elrodi Douglass 1901 [synonym], Merycochoerus madisonius Douglass 1901 [synonym]
†Brachycrus wilsoni longensis Schultz and Falkenbach 1940
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Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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C. B. Schultz and C. H. Falkenbach 1954 (Desmatochoerus newchicagoensis) | SKULL: Moderately large, larger than in other species of genus, but not so large as examples of Superdesmatochoerus; brain case long, inflated more than usual in genus; frontals wide with the usual midline protuberance of genus; nasals comparatively long and narrow; orbits small; malar deep below orbit; paroccipital process with less anterior twist to shaft than in other species of genus. (Bulla unknown.)
MANDIBLE: Similar to examples of D. hatcheri niobrarensis; postsymphysis below P2. DENTITION: Inferior premolars lighter and more laterally compressed than in other species of genus. (Superior series unknown.) LIMBS:(Unknown). | |
M. S. Stevens et al. 2023 | Medium-sized species of Brachycrus (M1-3 length = 60-90 mm; P2-M3 length = 100-140 mm) with slightly less robust sagittal crest, zygomatic arches, and snout region compared to B. siouense. Smallest individuals of B. siouense overlap in size with this species. Larger and more robust than B. rusticus |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1999, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Lander 1998 |
Age range: base of the Barstovian to the top of the Hemingfordian or 16.30000 to 15.97000 Ma
Collections (35 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Miocene | USA (California) | Brachycrus laticeps (19426 19428 19597) | |
Miocene | USA (Nevada) | Brachycrus laticeps (18922) | |
Hemingfordian | USA (Wyoming) | Brachycrus sweetwaterensis (18873 19079 19083) Brachycrus sweetwaterensis, Brachycrus vaughani (19073) Brachycrus vaughani (18872 19074 19081) | |
Hemingfordian | USA (Nebraska) | Brachycrus siouense (17917) Brachycrus wilsoni (17920 17952 17961 17990 18001) | |
Hemingfordian - Barstovian | USA (California) | Brachycrus buwaldi (19197 19205 19243) | |
Late/Upper Hemingfordian - Early/Lower Barstovian | USA (Nevada) | Brachycrus laticeps (18866) | |
Barstovian | USA (Montana) | Brachycrus laticeps (18894) | |
Barstovian | USA (California) | Brachycrus buwaldi (19135 19153 19195 19330 19452 19557) Brachycrus laticeps (19273 19332 19356 19472 19567) Merycochoerus buwaldi (19162) | |
Barstovian | USA (New Mexico) | Brachycrus vaughani (19520) |