PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Elopomorpha

Actinopteri

Taxonomy

Elopomorpha was named by Greenwood et al. (1966). It is extant.

It was reranked as the unranked clade Elopomorpha by Poyato-Ariza and Wenz (1993), Long (2011), Betancur et al. (2013), Bannikov (2014), Nelson et al. (2016), Ebersole et al. (2019), Cicimurri et al. (2025).

It was assigned to Teleostei by Nelson (2006); to Elopocephala by Nolf and Dockery (1990), Poyato-Ariza and Wenz (1993), Betancur et al. (2013); to Teleostei by Fielitz and Bardack (1992), Forey et al. (2003), Carnevale (2007), Long (2011), Bannikov (2014); and to Teleocephala by Nelson et al. (2016), Ebersole et al. (2019), Cicimurri et al. (2025).

Subtaxa

Albuliformes, Anguilliformes (syn. Apodes), Elopiformes, Megalopiformes, Naiathaelon, Notacanthiformes, Saccopharygiformes, Saccopharyngiformes

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1966	Elopomorpha Greenwood et al. p. 350
1990	Elopomorpha Nolf and Dockery III p. 2
1992	Elopomorpha Fielitz and Bardack
1993	Elopomorpha Poyato-Ariza and Wenz
2003	Elopomorpha Forey et al. p. 229
2006	Elopomorpha Nelson
2007	Elopomorpha Carnevale p. 8
2011	Elopomorpha Long p. 242
2013	Elopomorpha Betancur et al.
2014	Elopomorpha Bannikov p. 25
2016	Elopomorpha Nelson et al. p. 133
2019	Elopomorpha Ebersole et al. p. 156
2025	Elopomorpha Cicimurri et al. p. 76

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
superclass	Actinopterygii	()

Rank	Name	Author
class	Actinopteri	()
subclass	Neopterygii	(Regan 1923)
—	Teleosteomorpha
—	Teleostei	(Müller 1846)
—	Elopocephalai
—	Elopocephala
—	Elopomorpha	()
—	Elopomorpha	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Elopomorpha Greenwood et al. 1966

show all | hide all

Or. Albuliformes Greenwood et al. 1966 [bonefish]

Fm. Albulidae Bleeker 1859

G. †Albulidarum Frizzell 1965

†Albulidarum ensis Nolf and Dockery III 1990

Subfm. Albulinae Bleeker 1859

G. Albula Gronow 1763

†Albula bashiana Frizzell 1965

†Albula dorsalis Priem 1914

†Albula dunklei Applegate 1970

†Albula eppsi White and Frost 1931

†Albula lapidosa Nessov 1985

†Albula oweni Agassiz 1844

G. †Macabi L-Recinos et al. 2023

†Macabi tojolabalensis L-Recinos et al. 2023

G. †Ancylostylos Gorjanović-Kramberger 1895

†Ancylostylos gibbus Gorjanović-Kramberger 1895

G. †Anogmius Cope 1871

†Anogmius contractus Cope 1871

†Anogmius intermedius Loomis 1900

†Anogmius rotundus Loomis 1900

†Anogmius zitteli Loomis 1900

Invalid names: Pseudothryptodus Loomis 1900 [synonym]

G. †Coriops Estes 1969

†Coriops amnicolus Estes 1969

G. †Cretalbula Nessov 1985

†Cretalbula hammada Nessov 1985

G. †Deltaichthys Fielitz and Bardack 1992

†Deltaichthys albuloides Fielitz and Bardack 1992

G. †Farinichthys Gallo and De Figueiredo 2003

†Farinichthys gigas Gallo and De Figueiredo 2003

G. †Greenwoodella Taverne and Ross 1973

†Greenwoodella tockensis Taverne and Ross 1973

G. †Italoalbula Taverne and Capasso 2018

†Italoalbula pietrarojae Taverne and Capasso 2018

G. †Lebonichthys Forey 1973

†Lebonichthys gracilis Davis 1887

†Lebonichthys lewisi Davis 1887

†Lebonichthys namourensis Forey et al. 2003

G. †Metalbula Frizzell 1965

G. †Prochanos Bassani 1879

†Prochanos rectifrons Bassani 1879

Subfm. Pterothrissinae Gill 1893

G. †Hajulia Woodward 1942

†Hajulia multidens Woodward 1942

G. †Istieus Agassiz 1839

†Istieus gracilis Agassiz 1839

†Istieus grandis Agassiz 1842

Invalid names: Istieus macrocoelius von der Marck 1863 [synonym], Istieus mesospondylus von der Marck 1863 [synonym], Istieus microcephalus Agassiz 1842 [synonym]

†Istieus lebanonensis Davis 1887

†Istieus macrocephalus Agassiz 1842

G. †Nunaneichthys Hernández-Guerrero et al. 2021

†Nunaneichthys mexicanus Hernández-Guerrero et al. 2021

G. Pterothrissus Hilgendorf 1877

Pterothrissus angulatus Casier 1966

†Pterothrissus compactus Schwarzhans 1891

†Pterothrissus gissu Hilgendorf 1977

†Pterothrissus issus Hilgendorf 1877

†Pterothrissus pervetustus Stinton 1957

†Pterothrissus umbonatus Koken 1884

G. †Syntegmodus Loomis 1900

†Syntegmodus altus Loomis 1900

Invalid names: Pterothrissidae Gill 1893 [synonym]

G. †Baugeichthys Filleul 2000

†Baugeichthys caeruleus Filleul 2000

G. †Genartina Frizzell and Dante 1965

†Genartina hampshirensis Schubert 1916

†Genartina hauniensis Schwarzhans 2003

†Genartina texana Frizzell and Dante 1965

G. †Marathonichthys Bartholomai 2013

†Marathonichthys coyleorum Bartholomai 2013

Invalid names: Notacanthoidei [empty]

Or. Anguilliformes Greenwood et al. 1966 [eel]

G. †Abisaadia Belouze et al. 2003

†Abisaadia hakelensis Davis 1887

Fm. Anguillidae Rafinesque 1810

G. Anguilla Schrank 1798

†Anguilla brevicula Agassiz 1839

†Anguilla latispina Agassiz 1839

†Anguilla multiradiata Agassiz 1843

†Anguilla pachyura Agassiz 1843

†Anguilla rectangularis Stinton and Nolf 1970

†Anguilla ventralis Agassiz 1839

G. †Eoanguilla Blot 1978

†Eoanguilla leptoptera Agassiz 1835

Fm. †Anguilloididae

G. †Anguilloides Cadrobbi 1962

†Anguilloides branchiostegalis Eastman 1905

G. †Veronanguilla Blot 1978

†Veronanguilla ruffoi Blot 1978

G. †Bolcanguilla Blot 1981

Bolcanguilla brachycephala Blot 1980

G. †Brannerion Jordan 1920

G. †Casierius Estes 1969

Subor. Chlopsoidei

Fm. †Chlopsidae

G. †Whitapodus Blot 1981

†Whitapodus breviculus Agassiz 1835

G. Congermuraena Kaup 1856

†Congermuraena amoris Sulc 1932

†Congermuraena panatelli Bassoli 1906

Fm. Congridae Kaup 1856 [conger eel]

G. Ariosoma Swainson 1838

Ariosoma balearica Delaroche 1809

Ariosoma globosum Steurbaut 1984

†Ariosoma moravica Sulc 1932

Ariosoma selenops Reid 1934

Subfm. Ariosominae

G. †Parbatmya Frizzell and Dante 1965

Parbatmya brazosensis Frizzell and Dante 1965

G. †Astroconger Jordan and Hubbs 1925

†Astroconger rostratus Stinton 1957

G. Bassanago Whitley 1948

G. †Bathycongrus Ogilby 1898

†Bathycongrus circularis Casier 1966

†Bathycongrus mysticus Frost 1934

†Bathycongrus waihaoensis Schwarzhans 2019

Subfm. Bathymyrinae

G. †Protanago Schwarzhans et al. 2024

†Protanago nonsector Nolf and Stringer 2003

†Protanago sector Koken 1888

G. Blachea Karrer and Smith 1980

Blachea semeniformis Schwarzhans 2019

G. †Bolcyrus Blot 1978

†Bolcyrus bajai Blot 1978

†Bolcyrus formosissimus Eastman 1905

G. Conger Schaeffer 1760

†Conger acutus Stinton 1957

†Conger biaculeatus Lin et al. 2024

†Conger davidsmithi Schwarzhans 2019

†Conger dissimilis Frizzell and Lamber 1962

†Conger fornicatus Frizzell and Lamber 1962

†Conger glaber Brzobohaty 1967

†Conger illaesus Schwarzhans 2003

†Conger oceanicus Mitchill 1818

Conger tokoroa Schwarzhans 2019

†Conger vetustus Frizzell and Lamber 1962

G. †Congridarum Kaup 1856

†Congridarum brevisulcus Schwarzhans 1980

†Congridarum carinatus Frost 1934

†Congridarum clifdenensis Frost 1928

†Congridarum grantmackiei Grenfell 1984

†Congridarum obrutus Stinton 1957

†Congridarum occidentalis Weiler 1959

†Congridarum thevenini Priem 1906

†Congridarum websteri Frost 1933

G. Gnathophis Kaup 1860

†Gnathophis araroa Schwarzhans 2019

†Gnathophis flemingi Schwarzhans 1980

Gnathophis habenatus Richardson 1848

†Gnathophis incognitus Castle 1963

†Gnathophis meridies Frizzell and Lamber 1962

†Gnathophis ornatus Frost 1928

†Gnathophis saubriguensis Steurbaut 1979

Gnathophis umbrellabius Whitley 1948

G. †Gorgasia Meek and Hildebrand 1923 [garden eel]

G. †Heteroconger Bleeker 1868 [garden eel]

†Heteroconger astroblematicus Schwarzhans and Bratischko 2011

†Heteroconger mataura Schwarzhans et al. 2017

Subfm. Heterocongrinae

G. Taenioconger Herre 1923

G. †Maxwelliella Schwarzhans 1980

†Maxwelliella urbana Schwarzhans 1980

G. Mystriophis Kaup 1856

G. †Notoconger Schwarzhans 2019

†Notoconger devexus Schwarzhans 2019

†Notoconger hesperis Schwarzhans 2019

G. Paraconger Kanazawa 1961

Paraconger guianensis Kanazawa 1961

†Paraconger sauvagei Priem 1906

†Paraconger wechesensis Lin and Nolf 2022

G. †Paracongroides Blot 1978

†Paracongroides heckeli Blot 1978

G. †Promyllantor Alcock 1890

†Promyllantor guttulus Stinton 1975

G. Pseudophichthys Roule 1915

†Pseudophichthys acer Schwarzhans 1985

†Pseudophichthys elongatus Sulc 1932

†Pseudophichthys texanus Lin and Nolf 2022

G. Pseudoxenomystax Breder 1927

Pseudoxenomystax bulbiceps Whitley 1948

†Pseudoxenomystax hirsutus Castle 1960

†Pseudoxenomystax whangaimoanensis Schwarzhans 1980

G. Rhechias Jordan 1922

†Rhechias angulosus Schwarzhans 2003

Rhechias armiger Jordan 1922

Rhechias tysanochila Reid 1934

G. Rhynchoconger Jordan and Hobbs 1925

†Rhynchoconger aftonensis Stinton 1975

†Rhynchoconger casieri Bauza Rullan 1955

†Rhynchoconger donzacquensis Nolf 1988

Rhynchoconger ectenurus Jordan and Richardson 1909

†Rhynchoconger ellipticus Weiler 1958

†Rhynchoconger eocenicus Shepherd 1916

Rhynchoconger flavus Goode and Bean 1896

†Rhynchoconger otaianus Schwarzhans 2019

†Rhynchoconger otapiriensis Frost 1934

Rhynchoconger pantanelli Bassoli 1906

Rhynchoconger pantanellii Bassoli and Schubert 1906

†Rhynchoconger placidus Schwarzhans et al. 2017

†Rhynchoconger regularis Stinton 1957

†Rhynchoconger sanctus Frizzell and Lamber 1962

†Rhynchoconger subtilis Schwarzhans et al. 2017

†Rhynchoconger transversus Sulc 1932

†Rhynchoconger weileri Jonet 1973

Invalid names: Hildebrandia Jordan and Evermann 1927 [synonym]

G. Scalanago Whiteley 1935

†Scalanago extatus Schwarzhans 1985

G. †Tonganago Schwarzhans et al. 2017

†Tonganago coplandi Schwarzhans et al. 2017

†Tonganago fastigatus Schwarzhans 1980

†Tonganago obliquum Stinton 1957

†Tonganago sagittisulcatus Schwarzhans 1980

†Tonganago wharenga Schwarzhans 2019

G. Uroconger Kaup 1856

†Uroconger eocaenicus Sulc 1932

†Uroconger eocaenicus rostrata Sulc 1932

†Uroconger rectus Frost 1928

†Uroconger validus Casier 1966

G. †Voltaconger Blot 1978

†Voltaconger latispinus Agassiz 1835

G. †Xenomystax Gilbert 1891

Invalid names: Congrinae [empty]

Superfm. Congroidea

Fm. Serrivomeridae

G. †Serrivomer Gill and Ryder 1883

Subor. Congroidei Regan 1909

Fm. Derichthyidae

Invalid names: Colocongridae [synonym]

Fm. †Encheliidae Hay 1903

G. †Enchelion Hay 1903

†Enchelion montium Hay 1903

Fm. Nettastomatidae Jordan and Davis 1891

G. Nettastoma Rafinesque 1810

†Nettastoma obscurus Schwarzhans 1980

Invalid names: Cyemidae [empty], Dysommidae [empty], Neenchelyidae [empty], Nettastomidae [empty], Sauromuraenesocidae [empty], Xenocongridae [empty]

G. †Eodiaphyodus

G. †Eomuraena Casier 1967

G. Eomyrophis Whitley 1950

G. †Gazolapodus Blot 1981

Gazolapodus homopterus Blot 1980

G. †Hayenchelys Belouze et al. 2003

†Hayenchelys germanus Hay 1903

Fm. Heterenchelyidae

G. Heterenchelys Regan 1912

G. Panturichthys Pellegrin 1913

†Panturichthys grenfelli Schwarzhans 2019

G. Pythonichthys Poey 1868

G. Hoplunnis Kaup 1860

G. Japonoconger Asano 1958

G. Lemkea Kotthaus 1968

G. Leptocephalus Gronow 1763

†Leptocephalus gracilis Agassiz 1835

†Leptocephalus medius Agassiz 1835

Leptocephalus monganius Phillipps 1932

Fm. †Libanechelyidae Taverne 2004

G. †Libanechelys Taverne 2004

†Libanechelys bultyncki Taverne 2004

G. †Luenchelys Belouze et al. 2003

†Luenchelys minimus Belouze et al. 2003

G. †Micromyrus Casier 1967

Fm. †Milananguillidae

G. †Milananguilla Blot 1978

†Milananguilla lehmani Blot 1978

Subor. Moringuoidei

Fm. Moringuidae

G. †Deutschenchelys Prokofiev 2012

†Deutschenchelys micklichi Prokofiev 2012

G. Moringua Gray 1831

†Moringua fissura Stinton and Nolf 1970

†Moringua waimumuensis Schwarzhans et al. 2017

G. †Muraenanguilla Schwarzhans 2019

†Muraenanguilla balegemensis Schwarzhans 2019

†Muraenanguilla lacinata Schwarzhans 2019

Fm. Muraenesocidae

G. Muraenesox Mclelland 1843

†Muraenesox barrytownensis Lin and Nolf 2022

†Muraenesox cybium Casier 1966

†Muraenesox furcatus Schwarzhans 2007

Fm. Muraenidae

G. Anarchias Bloch 1795

G. †Congeris

†Congeris brevior Koken 1888

†Congeris wharekuriensis Frost 1928

G. Echidna Forster 1788

Echidna nebulosa Ahl 1789

Echidna nocturnus Cope 1872

G. †Eomyrus Eastman 1905

†Eomyrus ventralis Agassiz 1844

G. Gymnothorax Bloch 1795

†Gymnothorax diagonalis Stinton and Nolf 1970

†Gymnothorax mordax Ayres 1859

Gymnothorax octavianus Myers and Wade 1941

G. Muraena Linnaeus 1758

Muraena conger Linnaeus 1758 [European conger]

†Muraena saheliensis Arambourg 1927

G. †Otolithus Koken 1884

Subg. Otolithus (Labrax) Pallas 1810

†Labrax lepidotus Agassiz 1836

†Labrax major Agassiz 1834

†Labrax schizurus Agassiz 1835

†Labrax vogdtii Bogatshov 1942

Subg. †Otolithus (Platessa) Bassoli 1906

†Platessa sector Koken 1888

Subg. †Otolithus (Platessae) Koken 1888

Invalid names: Heteromyridae [synonym], Muraeninae [empty], Uropterygiinae [empty]

Subor. †Muraenoidei

Fm. †Deprandidae Jordan 1924

G. †Deprandus Gilbert 1921

†Deprandus lestes Jordan and Gilbert 1921

Invalid names: Myrocongridae [empty]

G. †Mylomyrus Woodward 1910

†Mylomyrus frangens Woodward 1910

G. Myroconger Guenther 1879

Fm. Nemichthyidae

G. †Oligonemichthys Ciobanu 1977

†Oligonemichthys photophorae Ciobanu 1977

Fm. Ophichthidae

G. Echelus Rafinesque 1810

Echelus myrus Linnaeus 1758

G. †Goslinophis Blot 1981

†Goslinophis acuticaudus Agassiz 1835

Subfm. Ophichthinae

G. Ophisurus Lacépède 1800

G. Pisodonophis Kaup 1856

G. †Ophichthus Ahl 1789

†Ophichthus mignolo Lin et al. 2017

Invalid names: Myrophinae [empty]

G. †Palaeomyrus Casier 1967

Fm. †Paranguillidae

G. †Dalpiazella Cadrobbi 1962

†Dalpiazella brevicauda Cadrobbi 1962

G. †Paranguilla Bleeker 1864

†Paranguilla tigrina Agassiz 1839

G. †Parechelus Casier 1967

Fm. Patavichthyidae

G. †Patavichthys Blot 1981

Patavichthys bolcensis Bassani 1897

G. †Proserrivomer Arambourg 1967

Subor. Protanguilloidei

Invalid names: Protanguillidae [empty]

Fm. †Proteomyridae

G. †Proteomyrus Cadrobbi 1962

†Proteomyrus ventralis Agassiz 1839

G. †Rhynchocymba Jordan and Hubbs

Subor. Saccopharyngoidei Nelson et al. 2016

Invalid names: Cyematidae [empty], Monognathidae [empty]

Subor. Synaphobranchoidei

Subfm. Ilyophinae

Invalid names: Dysommatinae [synonym]

Fm. Synaphobranchidae

Invalid names: Simenchelyinae [empty], Synaphobranchinae [empty]

G. †Urenchelys Woodward 1900

†Urenchelys abditus Wiley and Stewart 1981

†Urenchelys anglicus Woodward 1900

†Urenchelys avus Woodward 1901

Invalid names: Anguilloidei [empty], Apodes Latreille 1804 [synonym], Eurypharyngidae [empty], Saccopharyngidae [empty], Urenchelyidae Hay 1903 [empty]

Or. Elopiformes Sauvage 1875

Subor. Albuloidei

Fm. †Eurokidae Bartholomai 2010

G. †Euroka Bartholomai 2010

†Euroka dunravenensis Bartholomai 2010

Fm. †Osmeroididae Forey 1973

G. †Dinelops Woodward 1907

†Dinelops ornatus Woodward 1907

G. †Osmeroides Agassiz 1835

†Osmeroides belgicus Winkler 1874

†Osmeroides brevis Davis 1887

†Osmeroides cretaceus von der Marck 1863