PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Gallirallus

Osteichthyes - Gruiformes - Rallidae

Taxonomy

Gallirallus was named by Lafresnaye (1841). It is extant.

It was assigned to Rallinae by Brodkorb (1967), del Hoyo et al. (2014); and to Rallidae by Lambrecht (1933), Olson (1977), Worthy (1997), Worthy and Grant-Mackie (2003), Meijer et al. (2013), Clements et al. (2017).

Species lacking formal opinion data

G. philippensis

Synonyms

Ocydromus was named by Wagler (1830).

It was synonymized subjectively with Gallirallus by Lambrecht (1933).
Tricholimnas was named by Sharpe (1893). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Gallirallus by Clements et al. (2017).
Hypotaenidia was named by Reichenbach (1853). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Gallirallus by Clements et al. (2017).

It was assigned to Rallinae by del Hoyo et al. (2014); and to Rallidae by Worthy and Burley (2019).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1830	Ocydromus Wagler
1841	Gallirallus Lafresnaye
1853	Hypotaenidia Reichenbach
1893	Tricholimnas Sharpe
1933	Gallirallus Lambrecht p. 472
1967	Gallirallus Brodkorb p. 123
1977	Gallirallus Olson p. 366
1997	Gallirallus Worthy p. 104
2003	Gallirallus Worthy and Grant-Mackie p. 450
2013	Gallirallus Meijer et al. p. 881
2014	Gallirallus del Hoyo et al.
2014	Hypotaenidia del Hoyo et al.
2017	Gallirallus Clements et al.
2019	Hypotaenidia Worthy and Burley

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()
—	Romeriida
—	Diapsida	()
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)
—	Crocopoda
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986

Rank	Name	Author
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
—	Saurischia	()
—	Theropoda	()
—	Neotheropoda
—	Averostra	Paul 2002
—	Tetanurae
—	Coelurosauria	()
—	Maniraptora
—	Paraves
class	Aves
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
—	Neognathae	(Pycraft 1900)
—	Neoaves	Sibley et al. 1988
—	Terrestrornithes
—	Telmatorae
superorder	Charadriimorphae	Huxley 1867
order	Gruiformes	Bonaparte 1854
family	Rallidae	Vigors 1825
genus	Gallirallus	Lafresnaye 1841

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Gallirallus Lafresnaye 1841

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†Gallirallus astolfoi Salvador et al. 2021

Gallirallus australis Sparrman 1786 [weka]

†Gallirallus dieffenbachii Gray 1843 [Dieffenbach's rail]

†Gallirallus epulare Kirchman and Steadman 2007 [Nuku Hiva rail]

†Gallirallus gracilitibia Kirchman and Steadman 2007 [Ua Huka rail]

†Gallirallus huiatua Steadman et al. 2000

†Gallirallus insignis Forbes 1892

Gallirallus lafresnayanus Verreaux and des Murs 1860 [New Caledonian rail]

†Gallirallus minor Hamilton 1892

†Gallirallus modestus Hutton 1872 [Chatham Islands rail]

Gallirallus okinawae Yamashina and Mano 1981 [Okinawa rail]

Gallirallus owstoni Rothschild 1895 [Guam rail]

Gallirallus philippensis Linnaeus 1766 [buff-banded rail]

†Gallirallus philippensis macquariensis Hutton 1879 [Macquarie Island rail]

†Gallirallus ripleyi Steadman 1987 [Mangaia rail]

†Gallirallus roletti Kirchman and Steadman 2007 [Tahuata rail]

†Gallirallus storrsolsoni Kirchman and Steadman 2006

†Gallirallus vekamatolu Kirchman and Steadman 2005 [Eua rail]

Invalid names: Hypotaenidia Reichenbach 1853 [synonym], Ocydromus Wagler 1830 [synonym], Tricholimnas Sharpe 1893 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

hydroxyapatiteo

Entire body:

yeso

Adult length:

10 to < 100o

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10o

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10o

Architecture:

compact or denseo

Ontogeny:

accretion, modification of partso

Grouping:

solitaryo

Environment:

terrestrialo

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

ground dwellingo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Reproduction:

oviparouso

Dispersal:

direct/internalo

Dispersal 2:

mobileo

Created:

2009-01-03 20:39:15

Modified:

2009-01-03 22:39:15

Source: subo = suborder, o = order

References: Benton 1983, Kiessling 2004, Marsh 1875

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Middle Pleistocene to the top of the Holocene or 0.77400 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.129 Ma

Collections (123 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	Australia (South Australia)	Rallus philippensis (28364)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Papua New Guinea	G. n. sp., G. philippensis (194696)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Japan	G. okinawae (193442 193445) G. sp. (193440)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Tonga	G. n. sp. (194699)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	New Zealand (South Island)	G. australis (87806 87810 87814)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Indonesia (East Nusa Tenggara)	G. sp. (193376)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	New Zealand (North Otago)	G. australis (87789)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Australia (South Australia)	G. philippensis (136072) Rallus philippensis (181314)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Japan (Okinawa)	G. okinawae (192971)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene	0.129 - 0.0	Papua New Guinea	G. n. sp. (194697) G. n. sp., G. philippensis (194693 194694)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene	0.129 - 0.0	Tonga	G. n. sp. (194698 194717)
Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene	0.129 - 0.0	New Zealand	G. australis (182828 182833 182838 182840)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Tonga	G. philippensis (194700 194701 194702 194713 194714 194715 194716 194751 194752 194753 194754 194755)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Cook Islands	G. ripleyi (97455 194747 194762 194763 194764 194765)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	French Polynesia (Society Islands)	G. sp. (215325)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Vanuatu (Efate)	Hypotaenidia philippensis (185434)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Tonga (Vava'u)	Hypotaenidia philippensis (208862) Hypotaenidia philippensis, Hypotaenidia vavauensis (208864 208865) Hypotaenidia vavauensis (208863)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	French Polynesia	G. epulare (193471) G. gracilitibia (194746) G. n. sp. (177149 193468 193473 194675) G. sp. (193467 231179)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	New Zealand	G. australis (100554 181849 194618 194619 195150 215577) G. dieffenbachii (198102 198103 198117 198194 198195 198196 198198 198199 198202 198217) G. dieffenbachii, G. modestus (194614 198088) G. sp. (175901)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Australia (Victoria)	Rallus philippensis (138410)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Niue	G. n. sp. (193850) G. philippensis (193851 193854 193855 193864 193866 193873)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	New Caledonia	G. philippensis, Tricholimnas lafresnayanus (13221 193985) Tricholimnas lafresnayanus (23115 193983 193984 193986 193987 193988 193989)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Northern Mariana Islands	G. sp. (194625 194626 194627 194628 194629 194631 194633 194642 194643 194644 194645)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Solomon Islands	G. philippensis (209066 209067)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	New Zealand (South Island)	G. australis (215385 215388 215392 215395 215403 215411 215412 215418 215421 215611 215614 215617)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Australia (Macquarie Island)	G. macquariensis (194606 194607)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Guam	G. owstoni (208640)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Norfolk Island	G. Norfolk sp. (194565) G. philippensis (194562 194566 194567)