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Neornithischia

Osteichthyes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1985Neornithischia Cooper p. 287
1997Neornithischia Sereno p. 443
1998Neornithischia Sereno p. 61
1999Neornithischia Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
2007Neornithischia Butler et al. p. 2044
2008Neornithischia Butler et al. pp. 13-16 figs. 2-4
2009Neornithischia Butler and Sullivan p. 22
2012Neornithischia Han et al. p. 1391 fig. 14
2012Neornithischia Zheng et al. p. 210
2018Neornithischia Madzia et al.
2019Neornithischia Arbour and Evans
2019Neornithischia Herne et al. p. 574 fig. 25
2024Neornithischia Fonseca et al.
2025Neornithischia Yang et al.
2026Neornithischia Jung et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
RankNameAuthor
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Ornithischia()
—Neornithischia()
—Neornithischia()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Neornithischia Cooper 1985
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G. †Agilisaurus Peng 1990
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G. †Enigmacursor Maidment and Barrett 2025
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†Enigmacursor mollyborthwickae Maidment and Barrett 2025
G. †Hexinlusaurus Barrett et al. 2005
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†Hexinlusaurus multidens He and Cai 1983
Fm. †Jeholosauridae Han et al. 2012
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G. †Kulindapteryx Alifanov and Saveliev 2014
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†Kulindapteryx ukureica Alifanov and Saveliev 2014
G. †Minimocursor Manitkoon et al. 2023
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†Minimocursor phunoiensis Manitkoon et al. 2023
G. †Nanosaurus Marsh 1877
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†Nanosaurus agilis Marsh 1877
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Invalid names: Drinker nisti Bakker et al. 1990 [synonym], Nanosaurus rex Marsh 1877 [synonym], Othnielosaurus consors Marsh 1894 [synonym]
Invalid names: Drinker Bakker et al. 1990 [synonym], Othnielosaurus Galton 2007 [synonym]
G. †Pulaosaurus Yang et al. 2025
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†Pulaosaurus qinglong Yang et al. 2025
Unr. †Pyrodontia Fonseca et al. 2024
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Unr. †Cerapoda Sereno 1986
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Unr. †Marginocephalia Sereno 1986
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Subor. †Ceratopsia Marsh 1890 [ceratopsian]
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G. †Ajkaceratops Osi et al. 2010
G. †Albalophosaurus Ohashi and Barrett 2009
Fm. †Ceratopsidae Marsh 1888 [ceratopsid]
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Invalid names: Agathaumidae Cope 1889 [synonym]
Fm. †Chaoyangsauridae Zhao 1983
G. †Ferenceratops Maidment et al. 2026
G. †Micropachycephalosaurus Dong 1978
Infraor. †Neoceratopsia Sereno 1986
G. †Notoceratops Tapia 1919 [southern horn face]
Fm. †Psittacosauridae Osborn 1923
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Invalid names: Protiguanodontidae Osborn 1923 [synonym], Stenopelyxidae Nopcsa 1927 [synonym]
G. †Psittacosaurus Osborn 1923
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Invalid names: Hongshanosaurus You et al. 2003 [synonym], Protiguanodon Osborn 1923 [synonym]
G. †Serendipaceratops Rich and Vickers-Rich 2003
Invalid names: Chaoyangosauridae Dong 1992 [empty], Dysganus Cope 1876 [nomen dubium], Eoceratopsinae Lambe 1915 [empty], Kulceratops Nessov 1995 [nomen dubium], Kulceratops kulensis Nessov 1995 [nomen dubium], Microceratus Mateus 2008 [nomen dubium], Pachyrhinosauridae Sternberg 1950 [empty], Ponderopoda Huene 1948 [synonym], Psittacosauroidea Zhao 1983 [empty], Psittacosaurus sattayaraki Buffetaut and Ingavat 1992 [nomen dubium]
Subor. †Pachycephalosauria Maryańska and Osmólska 1974
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Unr. †Eupachycephalosauria Dieudonné et al. 2020
G. †Goyocephale Perle et al. 1982
Infraor. †Goyocephalia Sereno 1986
Fm. †Pachycephalosauridae Sternberg 1945
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Invalid names: Tholocephalidae Sereno 1986 [synonym]
G. †Qiyunshanpus Yu 1998
G. †Wannanosaurus Hou 1977
G. †Zavacephale Chinzorig et al. 2025
Invalid names: Homalocephalidae Dong 1978 [empty], Pachycephalosauroidea Zhao 1983 [empty], Tianchungosauroidea Zhao 1983 [empty]
Subor. †Ornithopoda Marsh 1881 [ornithopod]
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Fm. †Anomoepodidae Lull 1904
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G. †Apatichnus Hitchcock 1858
G. †Eoanomoepus Lockley et al. 2018
G. †Neoanomoepus Lockley et al. 2009
G. †Shenmuichnus Li et al. 2012
G. †Burianosaurus Madzia et al. 2018
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†Burianosaurus augustai Madzia et al. 2018
Unr. †Clypeodonta Norman 2014
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Invalid names: Hypsilophodontia Cooper 1985 [synonym]
G. †Dakotasaurus Branson and Mehl 1932
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†Dakotasaurus browni Branson and Mehl 1932
Unr. †Euornithopoda Sereno 1986
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Infraor. †Heterodontosauria Cooper 1985
Invalid names: Camptosaurus valdensis Lydekker 1889 [nomen dubium], Gilmoreosaurus atavus Nessov 1995 [nomen dubium], Hypsilophodon wielandi Galton and Jensen 1979 [nomen dubium]
Subor. †Fabrosauria Cooper 1985
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Invalid names: Fabrosauroidea Cooper 1985 [empty]
G. †Hypsiloichnus Stanford et al. 2004
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†Hypsiloichnus marylandicus Stanford et al. 2004
Fm. †Hypsilophodontidae Dollo 1882 [hypsilophodontid]
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G. †Daurosaurus Alifanov and Saveliev 2014
G. †Gideonmantellia Ruiz-Omeñaca et al. 2012
G. †Hypsilophodon Huxley 1870
G. †Vectidromeus Longrich et al. 2024
Invalid names: Dryosaurinae Cooper 1985 [empty], Hypsilophodontinae Abel 1919 [empty], Kalodontidae Nopcsa 1901 [synonym], Laosauridae Marsh 1895 [synonym], Macelognathidae Marsh 1884 [synonym], Nanosaurinae Marsh 1878 [empty], Parksosauridae Buchholz 2002 [empty]
Infraor. †Iguanodontia Baur 1891
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G. †Choyrodon Gates et al. 2018
Unr. †Euiguanodontia Coria and Salgado 1996
Superfm. †Iguanodontoidea Hay 1902
G. †Mantellisaurus Paul 2007
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Invalid names: Dollodon Paul 2008 [synonym], Mantellodon Paul 2012 [synonym]
G. †Osmakasaurus McDonald 2011
G. †Planicoxa DiCroce and Carpenter 2001
Unr. †Rhabdodontomorpha Dieudonné et al. 2016
Invalid names: Albisaurus Fritsch 1905 [nomen dubium], Albisaurus scutifer Fritsch 1905 [nomen dubium], Anoplosaurus major Seeley 1879 [nomen dubium], Bihariosaurus Marinescu 1989 [nomen nudum], Camptosauroidea Cooper 1985 [empty], Eucercosaurus Seeley 1879 [nomen dubium], Eucercosaurus tanyspondylus Seeley 1879 [nomen dubium], Fulgurotherium Huene 1932 [nomen dubium], Iguanodon ottingeri Galton and Jensen 1979 [nomen dubium], Loncosaurus Ameghino 1899 [nomen dubium], Procerosaurus exogirarum Fritsch 1878 [nomen dubium], Sphenospondylus Seeley 1883 [nomen dubium], Syngonosaurus Seeley 1879 [nomen dubium], Syngonosaurus macrocercus Seeley 1869 [nomen dubium], Tichosteus Cope 1877 [nomen dubium], Vectisaurus Hulke 1879 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Iguanodontipodidae Vyalov 1987
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G. †Caririchnium Leonardi 1984
G. †Kharkushosauropus Dzhalilov and Novikov 1993
Invalid names: Brachyguanodonipus Moratalla 1993 [nomen dubium], Gigantoshiraminesauropus Azuma and Takeyama 1991 [nomen dubium], Hadrosaurichnoides Casanovas Cladellas et al. 1994 [nomen dubium], Hadrosauropodus nanxiongensis Xing et al. 2009 [nomen dubium], Iguanodonipus Moratalla 1993 [nomen dubium], Limayichnus Calvo 1991 [nomen dubium], Ornithopodichnus Kim et al. 2009 [nomen dubium], Shiraminesauropus Azuma and Takeyama 1991 [nomen dubium], Sousaichnium Leonardi 1979 [nomen dubium], Staurichnium Leonardi 1979 [nomen dubium], Wealdenichnites Kuhn 1958 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Iguanodontipodidae Lockley et al. 2014
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G. †Amblydactylus Sternberg 1932
G. †Hadrosauropodus Lockley et al. 2003
G. †Iguanodontipus Sarjeant et al. 1998
Fm. †Moyenisauropodidae Ellenberger 1974
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G. †Anomoepus Hitchcock 1848
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Invalid names: Hopiichnus Welles 1971 [synonym], Moyenisauropus Ellenberger 1970 [synonym], Shensipus Young 1966 [synonym]
G. †Ningxiapus Zong et al. 2013
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†Ningxiapus liupanshanensis Zong et al. 2013
G. †Ponerosteus Olshevsky 2000
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Invalid names: Procerosaurus Fritsch 1905 [replaced]
G. †Psilotrisauropus Ellenberger 1972
Fm. †Tetrapodosauridae Sternberg 1932
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G. †Tetrapodosaurus Sternberg 1932
G. †Unespichnium Bertini and Carvalho 2003
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†Unespichnium ornithopodianus Bertini and Carvalho 2003
G. †Walmadanyichnus Salisbury et al. 2016
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†Walmadanyichnus hunteri Salisbury et al. 2016
G. †Wintonopus Thulborn and Wade 1984
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†Wintonopus latomorum Thulborn and Wade 1984
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Invalid names: Skartopus australis Thulborn and Wade 1984 [synonym]
†Wintonopus middletonae Salisbury et al. 2016
Invalid names: Skartopus Thulborn and Wade 1984 [synonym]
Invalid names: Bonaparteichnium Calvo 1991 [nomen dubium], Brachypoda Thulborn 1974 [empty], Camptosaurichnus Casamiquela and Fasola 1968 [nomen dubium], Camptosauropus Gabuniya and Kurbatov 1988 [nomen dubium], Dolichopoda Thulborn 1974 [empty], Gilmoreosaurus arkhangelskyi Nessov 1995 [nomen dubium], Goseongosauripus Kim 1986 [nomen dubium], Jiayinosauropus Dong et al. 2003 [nomen dubium], Kalodontoidea Huene 1948 [empty], Laosaurus Marsh 1878 [nomen dubium], Laosaurus celer Marsh 1878 [nomen dubium], Laosaurus minimus Gilmore 1924 [nomen dubium], Ornithopodoidea Nopcsa 1929 [synonym], Ornithopoidea Nopcsa 1929 [empty], Othnielia Galton 1977 [nomen dubium], Phyllodon Thulborn 1975 [nomen dubium], Siluosaurus Dong 1997 [nomen dubium], Taponichnus Alonso and Marquillas 1986 [nomen dubium], Telosichnus Alonso and Marquillas 1986 [nomen dubium], Trachodontoidea Huene 1948 [empty]
Invalid names: Chasmatopia Buchholz 2002 [empty]
G. †Kulindadromeus Godefroit et al. 2014
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†Kulindadromeus zabaikalicus Godefroit et al. 2014
G. †Sanxiasaurus Hu Dai et al. 2019
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†Sanxiasaurus modaoxiensis Hu Dai et al. 2019
G. †Stormbergia Butler 2005
Fm. †Thescelosauridae Sternberg 1937
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G. †Doolysaurus Jung et al. 2026
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†Doolysaurus huhmini Jung et al. 2026
Subfm. †Orodrominae Brown et al. 2013
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G. †Albertadromeus Brown et al. 2013
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†Albertadromeus syntarsus Brown et al. 2013
G. †Koreanosaurus Huh et al. 2011
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†Koreanosaurus boseongensis Huh et al. 2011
G. †Nevadadromeus Bonde et al. 2022
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†Nevadadromeus schmitti Bonde et al. 2022
G. †Orodromeus Horner and Weishampel 1988
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†Orodromeus makelai Horner and Weishampel 1988
G. †Oryctodromeus Varricchio et al. 2007
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†Oryctodromeus cubicularis Varricchio et al. 2007
G. †Zephyrosaurus Sues 1980
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†Zephyrosaurus schaffi Sues 1980
Subfm. †Thescelosaurinae Sternberg 1940
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G. †Changchunsaurus Zan et al. 2005
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†Changchunsaurus parvus Zan et al. 2005
G. †Changmiania Yang et al. 2020
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†Changmiania liaoningensis Yang et al. 2020
G. †Fona Avrahami et al. 2024
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†Fona herzogae Avrahami et al. 2024
G. †Haya Makovicky et al. 2011
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†Haya griva Makovicky et al. 2011
G. †Jeholosaurus Xu et al. 2000
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†Jeholosaurus shangyuanensis Xu et al. 2000
G. †Parksosaurus Sternberg 1937
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†Parksosaurus warreni Parks 1926
G. †Thescelosaurus Gilmore 1913
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†Thescelosaurus assiniboiensis Brown et al. 2011
†Thescelosaurus edmontonensis Sternberg 1940
†Thescelosaurus garbanii Morris 1976
†Thescelosaurus neglectus Gilmore 1913
Invalid names: Bugenasaura Galton 1995 [synonym], Bugenasaura infernalis Galton 1995 [nomen dubium]
G. †Yueosaurus Zheng et al. 2012
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†Yueosaurus tiantaiensis Zheng et al. 2012
G. †Yandusaurus He 1979
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Invalid names: Neornithopoda Norman 1984 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Maximum body mass: 10000 kgg
Minimum body mass: 3 kgg
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: gregariouso
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: herbivoreo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2004-12-14 12:50:52
Modified: 2004-12-14 14:50:52
Source: g = genus, o = order
References: Kiessling 2004, Marsh 1875, Peczkis 1995

Age range: base of the Tuvalian to the top of the Maastrichtian or 233.60000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (4094 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Carnian237.0 - 227.3Italy (Liguria) Anomoepus sp. (68780)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3Morocco (Marrakech-Safi) Anomoepus moghrebensis (34701)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4USA (Utah) Eoanomoepus latus (219952)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4China (Shaanxi) Shenmuichnus sp. (126538)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4USA (New Jersey) Anomoepus intermedius (91694)
Tuvalian - Lacian233.6 - 215.38Italy (Veneto) Ornithischia indet. (68833)
Lacian - Alaunian227.3 - 211.18USA (Virginia) Anomoepus sp. (68890)
Norian227.3 - 205.7USA (Colorado) Anomoepodidae indet. (55259)
Norian227.3 - 205.7USA (New Mexico) Anomoepus sp. (46560)
Norian227.3 - 205.7USA (Pennsylvania) Anomoepus gracillimus (55413) Anomoepus sp. (55414)

Youngest occurrences
Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Ceratopsidae indet. (52893)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Maryland) Hadrosauridae indet. (27562 83331)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Mongolia (Omnogov) Barsboldia sp. (277798) Dinosauria indet. (37010) Hadrosauridae indet. (100273 100275 126783 126786 126787 126788 126789 126790 126791 168417) Hadrosauridae indet., Saurolophus angustirostris (180786) Hadrosauridae indet., Saurolophus angustirostris, Spheroolithus maiasauroides (127674) Hadrosauridae indet., Saurolophus sp. (100266) Homalocephale calathocercos, Pachycephalosauridae indet. (37019) Ornithischia indet. (180473) Ornithopoda indet. (277799) Ovaloolithidae indet. (65345) Ovaloolithus dinornithoides (73437) Ovaloolithus dinornithoides, Dinosauria indet. (165580) Pachycephalosauria indet. (127675) Pachycephalosauria indet., Hadrosauridae indet. (127670 127679 168810) Pachycephalosauridae indet. (180706) Protoceratopsidae indet. (55258) Protoceratopsidae indet., Bagaceratops sp. (168983) Protoceratopsidae indet., Saurolophus angustirostris (37020) Saurolophus angustirostris (38021 53227 127671 179625 180702 180703) Saurolophus angustirostris, Spheroolithus sp. (65335) Saurolophus sp. (100268 127682 168809 180710 220943 229067 277797 277800) Saurolophus sp., Spheroolithidae indet., Pachycephalosauria indet. (55257) Spheroolithidae indet. (108344 168111) Spheroolithidae indet., Pachycephalosauridae indet., Saurolophus sp. (127681)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Bolivia (Potosí) Ornithopoda indet. (36238)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Argentina (Río Negro) Hadrosauria indet. (276121 276122) Hadrosauridae indet. (32339 276093 278960 278962 278963 278965 278972 278990) Iguanodontia indet., Hadrosauridae indet. (28459) Kelumapusaura machi (231728)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) Hadrosauridae indet. (52659 276665 276666) Hypacrosaurus altispinus (45677 45678) Saurolophus sp. (276661 276664) Trachodon marginatus (45676)
Maastrichtian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Argentina (Neuquén) Iguanodontipodidae indet. (219311)
Maastrichtian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Argentina (La Pampa) Hadrosaurinae indet. (48829)
Maastrichtian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Argentina (Río Negro) Hadrosauridae indet. (49557 96099 96100 96111 219386 219583) Hadrosauroidea indet. (37039) Lambeosaurinae indet., Saurolophinae indet. (32370) Ornithopoda indet., Iguanodontidae indet. (95694) Spheroolithidae indet. (52910)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian - Danian72.2 - 61.66Slovenia (Obalno-Kraska) Ornithopoda indet., Iguanodontidae indet., Hadrosauridae indet. (67198)