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Neuroptera (lacewing)

Insecta - Neuroptera

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Neuroptera Linnaeus p. 341
1761Neuroptera Linnaeus p. 371
1763Neuroptera Scopoli p. 259
1764Neuroptera Müller p. 59
1767Neuroptera Linnaeus p. 901
1768Neuroptera Strøm
1770Neuroptera Drury
1776Neuroptera Müller p. 139
1780Neuroptera Harris
1796Neuroptera Latreille p. 96
1802Neuroptera Latreille p. 284
1817Planipennia Latreille p. 430
1862Nymphes fossilis Hagen p. 108
1922Planipennia Tillyard
1923Planipennia Tillyard
1933Planipennia Tillyard p. 11
1933Parasisyridae Zalessky p. 143
1937Neuroptera Martynov p. 37
1953Planipennia Bode
1955Planipennia Riek p. 673
1982Hemerobiiformia Henry
1988Archeosmylus alysius Whalley p. 50 figs. 2, 4
1988Archeosmylus complexus Whalley p. 50 figs. 1, 3
1992Neuroptera Carpenter
1992Planipennia Carpenter
1995Prohemerobius alysius Ponomarenko
1995Prohemerobius complexus Ponomarenko
2002Hemerobiiformia Ren et al. p. 188
2004Neuroptera Kukalová-Peck and Lawrence
2005Neuroptera Heads et al.
2008Hemerobiiformia Engel and Grimaldi
2008Neuroptera Engel and Grimaldi
2014Neuroptera Misof et al.
2018Neuroptera Engel et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Ecdysozoa
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
classInsecta
—Dicondylia
—Paranotalia
RankNameAuthor
subclassPterygota()
—NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
—Holometabola
—Aparaglossata
—Neuropteriformia
superorderNeuropterida
—Metaxyneuroptera
—Eidoneuroptera
orderNeuroptera
orderNeuroptera

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Neuroptera Linnaeus 1758 [lacewing]
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G. †Actinophlebioides Jepson et al. 2009
+
†Actinophlebioides valdensis Jepson et al. 2009
G. †Archedilaropsis Martynov 1935
+
†Archedilaropsis furcata Martynov 1935
G. †Archegetes Handlirsch 1906
+
†Archegetes neuropterorum Handlirsch 1906
G. †Besobrasovia Cockerell 1928
+
†Besobrasovia latissima Cockerell 1928
G. †Callospilopteron Cockerell 1921
+
†Callospilopteron ocellatum Cockerell 1921
Superfm. Coniopterygoidea Burmeister 1839
+
Fm. Coniopterygidae Burmeister 1839 [dustywing]
+
Subfm. Aleuropteryginae Enderlein 1905
+
Tr. Aleuropterygini Enderlein 1905
+
G. Heteroconis Enderlein 1905
G. †Burmaleuropteryx Bai et al. 2019
+
†Burmaleuropteryx meinanderi Bai et al. 2019
Tr. Coniocompsini Enderlein 1905
+
G. †Archiconiocompsa Enderlein 1910
G. †Geroconiocompsa Engel 2010
+
G. †Achlyoconis Engel 2016
G. †Alboconis Nel et al. 2005
G. †Archiconis Enderlein 1930
G. †Cycloconis Li et al. 2019
G. †Gigantoconis Xiao et al. 2023
G. †Glaesoconis Meinander 1975
G. Hemisemidalis Meinander 1972
G. †Pararchiconis Nel 1991
G. †Planiconis Xiao et al. 2023
G. †Soplaoconis Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2019
G. †Garnaconis Perrichot and Nel 2014
+
†Garnaconis dupeorum Perrichot and Nel 2014
G. †Juraconiopteryx Meinander 1975
+
†Juraconiopteryx zherichini Meinander 1975
G. †Libanoconis Engel 2002
+
†Libanoconis fadiacra Whalley 1980
†Libanoconis siberica Makarkin and Perkovsky 2019
G. Neoconis Enderlein 1930
+
†Neoconis paleocaribis Grimaldi and Engel 2013
G. †Palaeoconis Ružičková et al. 2019
+
†Palaeoconis azari Ružičková et al. 2019
G. Spiloconis Enderlein 1907
+
†Spiloconis eominuta Grimaldi and Engel 2013
†Spiloconis glaesaria Meinander 1998
†Spiloconis oediloma Engel and Grimaldi 2007
G. †Apoglaesoconis Grimaldi 2000
+
†Apoglaesoconis ackermani Grimaldi 2000
†Apoglaesoconis luzzii Grimaldi 2000
†Apoglaesoconis swolenskyi Grimaldi 2000
Subfm. Coniopteryginae Burmeister 1839
+
Tr. Coniopterygini Burmeister 1839
+
G. Coniopteryx Curtis 1834
Tr. Conwentziini Enderlein 1905
+
G. Neosemidalis Enderlein 1930
G. Semidalis Enderlein 1905
+
Invalid names: Heminiphetia Enderlein 1930 [synonym]
G. †Libanosemidalis Azar et al. 2000
+
†Libanosemidalis hammanaensis Azar et al. 2000
G. †Mulleroconis Ružičková et al. 2019
+
†Mulleroconis hyalina Ružičková et al. 2019
G. †Paranimboa Engel 2016
+
†Paranimboa groehni Sziráki 2016
†Paranimboa litotes Engel 2016
Invalid names: Paranimboa Sziráki 2016 [synonym]
Tr. †Phthanoconini Engel 2004
+
G. †Phthanoconis Engel 2004
Subfm. †Cretaconiopteryginae Liu and Lu 2017
+
G. †Archaeoconis Chen et al. 2022
+
†Archaeoconis zhangzhiqiae Chen et al. 2022
G. †Cretaconiopteryx Liu and Lu 2017
+
†Cretaconiopteryx grandis Liu and Lu 2017
†Cretaconiopteryx zhengpengyueae Chen et al. 2022
G. †Jurasiatypus Kaddumi 2005
+
†Jurasiatypus cretatus Kaddumi 2005
G. †Paradoxoconis Chen et al. 2022
+
†Paradoxoconis longipalpa Chen et al. 2022
†Paradoxoconis szirakii Chen et al. 2022
G. Parasemidalis Enderlein 1905
+
†Parasemidalis eocenica Nel et al. 2005
†Parasemidalis sharovi Meinander 1975
Invalid names: Gallosemidalis Nel et al. 2005 [synonym]
Subfm. †Toarciconiopteryginae Makarkin and Ansorge 2024
+
G. †Toarciconiopteryx Makarkin and Ansorge 2024
+
†Toarciconiopteryx dipterosimilis Makarkin and Ansorge 2024
G. †Cratosisyrops Martins-Neto 1997
+
†Cratosisyrops gonzagai Martins-Neto 1997
G. †Dicranoptila Handlirsch 1906
+
†Dicranoptila deichmuelleri Handlirsch 1906
Fm. †Dipteromantispidae Makarkin et al. 2013
+
G. †Burmodipteromantispa Liu et al. 2016
+
†Burmodipteromantispa jiaxiaoae Liu et al. 2016
G. †Dipteromantispa Makarkin et al. 2013
+
†Dipteromantispa brevisubcosta Makarkin et al. 2013
G. †Enigmadipteromantispa Azar et al. 2020
+
†Enigmadipteromantispa dimyi Azar et al. 2020
G. †Halteriomantispa Liu et al. 2016
+
†Halteriomantispa grimaldii Liu et al. 2016
G. †Jersimantispa Liu et al. 2016
+
†Jersimantispa henryi Grimaldi 2000
G. †Kurtodipteromantispa Li and Liu 2020
+
†Kurtodipteromantispa xiai Li et al. 2020
†Kurtodipteromantispa zhuodei Li and Liu 2020
G. †Mantispidiptera Grimaldi 2000
+
†Mantispidiptera enigmatica Grimaldi 2000
G. †Mantispidipterella Liu et al. 2016
+
†Mantispidipterella longissima Liu et al. 2016
G. †Paradipteromantispa Li et al. 2020
+
Unr. Euneuroptera Engel et al. 2018
+
Superfm. Dilaroidea Newman 1853
+
Fm. Dilaridae Newman 1853 [pleasing lacewing]
+
Subfm. Dilarinae Newman 1853
+
G. †Cascadilar Engel 1999
G. †Coronidilar Chen et al. 2022
G. †Cretodilar Liu and Zhang 2016
G. Dilar Rambur 1838
Invalid names: Nallachiinae Navas 1914 [empty]
Superfm. Mantispoidea Leach 1815
+
Fm. Berothidae Handlirsch 1906 [beaded lacewing]
+
G. †Aggregataberotha Wang et al. 2022
+
†Aggregataberotha paucipunctata Chen et al. 2024
†Aggregataberotha punctata Wang et al. 2022
G. †Ansoberotha Yang et al. 2019
+
†Ansoberotha jiewenae Yang et al. 2019
G. †Araripeberotha Martins-Neto and Vulcano 1990
+
†Araripeberotha fairchildi Martins-Neto and Vulcano 1990
G. †Banoberotha Whalley 1980
+
†Banoberotha enigmatica Whalley 1980
G. Berotha Walker 1860
Subfm. Berothinae Handlirsch 1906
+
G. †Elektroberotha Makarkin and Ohl 2015
G. †Xenoberotha Makarkin 2017
G. †Cantabroberotha Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2020
+
†Cantabroberotha soplaensis Pérez-de la Fuente et al. 2020
G. †Caririberotha Martins-Neto and Vulcano 1990
+
†Caririberotha martinsi Martins-Neto and Vulcano 1990
G. †Cornoberotha Yang et al. 2019
+
†Cornoberotha anomala Yang et al. 2019
†Cornoberotha aspoeckae Yang et al. 2019
†Cornoberotha monogona Yang et al. 2019
G. †Danoberotha Makarkin et al. 2024
+
†Danoberotha verkleijorum Makarkin et al. 2024
G. †Dasyberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008
+
†Dasyberotha eucharis Engel and Grimaldi 2008
G. †Dolichoberotha Yang et al. 2019
+
†Dolichoberotha bifurcata Yang et al. 2019
†Dolichoberotha burmana Yang et al. 2019
G. †Epimesoberotha Jepson et al. 2012
+
†Epimesoberotha parva Jepson et al. 2012
G. †Ethiroberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008
+
†Ethiroberotha elongata Engel and Grimaldi 2008
G. †Ferganoberotha Khramov 2023
+
G. †Haploberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008
+
†Haploberotha carsteni Makarkin 2018
†Haploberotha persephone Engel and Grimaldi 2008
G. †Iceloberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008
+
†Iceloberotha kachinensis Engel and Grimaldi 2008
†Iceloberotha simulatrix Engel and Grimaldi 2008
G. Isoscelipteron Costa 1863
+
†Isoscelipteron bertrandi Boderau et al. 2024
G. †Jersiberotha Grimaldi 2000
+
†Jersiberotha luzzii Grimaldi 2000
†Jersiberotha musivum Zhang et al. 2022
†Jersiberotha myanmarensis Engel and Grimaldi 2008
†Jersiberotha similis Grimaldi 2000
†Jersiberotha tauberorum Engel and Grimaldi 2008
G. †Khasurtoberotha Khramov 2020
+
G. †Krokhathone Khramov 2015
+
†Krokhathone parva Khramov 2015
†Krokhathone tristis Khramov 2015
G. †Maculaberotha Yuan et al. 2016
+
†Maculaberotha nervosa Yuan et al. 2016
G. †Magniberotha Yuan et al. 2016
+
†Magniberotha recurrens Yuan et al. 2016
Subfm. †Mesithoninae Panfilov 1980
+
G. †Berothone Khramov 2015
G. †Mesithone Panfilov 1980
G. †Pseudosisyra Makarkin 1999
G. †Mesoberotha Carpenter 1991
+
†Mesoberotha superba Riek 1955
Invalid names: Proberotha Riek 1955 [replaced]
G. †Microberotha Archibald and Makarkin 2004
+
†Microberotha macculloughi Archibald and Makarkin 2004
G. †Nascimberotha Grimaldi 2000
+
†Nascimberotha picta Grimaldi 2000
G. †Oloberotha Ren and Guo 1996
+
†Oloberotha sinica Ren and Guo 1996
G. †Osmyloberotha Khramov 2021
+
†Osmyloberotha simpla Khramov 2021
G. †Protoberotha Huang et al. 2019
+
†Protoberotha minuta Huang et al. 2019
G. †Sejunctaberotha Chen et al. 2024
+
†Sejunctaberotha sphaerica Chen et al. 2024
†Sejunctaberotha tenuis Chen et al. 2024
†Sejunctaberotha transversa Chen et al. 2024
G. †Sibelliberotha Azar and Nel 2013
+
†Sibelliberotha rihanensis Azar and Nel 2013
G. †Sinosmylites Hong 1983
+
†Sinosmylites auliensis Khramov 2015
†Sinosmylites fumosus Makarkin et al. 2011
†Sinosmylites hotgoricus Khramov 2015
†Sinosmylites karatavicus Khramov 2015
†Sinosmylites rasnitsyni Makarkin et al. 2011
G. †Systenoberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008
+
†Systenoberotha magillae Engel and Grimaldi 2008
G. †Telistoberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008
+
†Telistoberotha libitina Engel and Grimaldi 2008
G. †Triassoberotha Khramov et al. 2023
+
†Triassoberotha japonica Khramov et al. 2023
G. †Xiaoberotha Shi et al. 2019
+
†Xiaoberotha bipunctata Shi et al. 2019
†Xiaoberotha dilatapoda Wang et al. 2022
Invalid names: Cyrenoberothinae Macleod and Adams 1967 [empty], Mesoberothidae Carpenter 1991 [synonym], Rhachiberothinae Tjeder 1959 [empty]
Fm. Mantispidae Leach 1815 [mantidfly]
+
Subfm. Anisopterinae Enderlein 1910
+
Invalid names: Theristriini Enderlein 1910 [empty]
Subfm. Calomantispinae Navas 1914
+
G. †Protonolima Makarkin 2019
Subfm. †Doratomantispinae Lu et al. 2020
+
G. †Doratomantispa Poinar 2011
+
Invalid names: Lonchomantispa Shi et al. 2020 [synonym]
G. †Paradoxomantispa Lu et al. 2020
Subfm. Drepanicinae Enderlein 1910
+
G. †Acanthomantispa Lu et al. 2020
G. †Aragomantispa Pérez-de la Fuente and Peñalver 2019
G. †Dicranomantispa Lu et al. 2020
G. Gerstaeckerella Enderlein 1910
G. †Liassochrysa Ansorge and Schlüter 1990
G. †Promantispa Panfilov 1980
G. †Psilomantispa Lu et al. 2020
G. †Sinuijumantispa So and Won 2022
Subfm. Mantispinae Leach 1815
+
G. Climaciella Enderlein 1910
G. Dicromantispa Hoffman 2002
G. †Feroseta Poinar 2006
G. Mantispa Illiger 1798
G. †Prosagittalata Nel 1988
G. †Vectispa Lambkin 1986
+
Invalid names: Promantispa Jarzembowski 1980 [replaced]
Subfm. †Mesomantispinae Makarkin 1996
+
G. †Archaeodrepanicus Jepson et al. 2013
G. †Clavifemora Jepson et al. 2013
G. †Karataumantispa Jepson 2015
G. †Longipronotum Jepson et al. 2018
+
Invalid names: Longicollum Jepson et al. 2018 [replaced]
G. †Mesomantispa Makarkin 1996
G. †Ovalofemora Jepson et al. 2018
G. †Sinomesomantispa Jepson et al. 2013
G. †Pectispina Shi et al. 2020
+
†Pectispina libera Shi et al. 2020
Subfm. Symphrasinae Navás 1909
+
G. †Archaeosymphrasis Shi et al. 2020
G. †Habrosymphrasis Shi et al. 2020
G. †Haplosymphrasites Lu et al. 2020
G. †Parasymphrasites Lu et al. 2020
G. †Symphrasites Wedmann and Makarkin 2007
Invalid names: Liassochrysidae Nel et al. 2005 [synonym], Platymantispinae Rehn 1939 [empty], Promantispidae Panfilov 1980 [synonym]
Fm. Rhachiberothidae Tjeder 1959 [thorny lacewing]
+
G. †Oisea Nel et al. 2005
+
†Oisea celinea Nel et al. 2005
Invalid names: Eorhachiberotha Nel et al. 2005 [replaced]
Subfm. †Paraberothinae Nel et al. 2005
+
G. †Acanthoberotha Nakamine et al. 2020
G. †Albertoberotha McKellar and Engel 2009
G. †Alboberotha Nel et al. 2005
G. †Astioberotha Nakamine et al. 2020
G. †Chimerhachiberotha Nel et al. 2005
G. †Creagroparaberotha Makarkin 2015
G. †Eorhachiberotha Engel 2004
G. †Kujiberotha Nakamine and Yamamoto 2018
G. †Micromantispa Shi et al. 2015
G. †Paraberotha Whalley 1980
G. †Raptorapax Petrulevičius et al. 2010
G. †Retinoberotha Schlüter 1978
G. †Rhachibermissa Grimaldi 2000
G. †Scoloberotha Engel and Grimaldi 2008
G. †Spinoberotha Nel et al. 2005
G. †Stygioberotha Nakamine et al. 2020
G. †Uranoberotha Nakamine et al. 2020
G. †Paradoxoberotha Nakamine et al. 2021
+
†Paradoxoberotha chimaera Nakamine et al. 2021
Subfm. Rhachiberothinae Tjeder 1959 [thorny lacewing]
+
G. †Whalfera Engel 2004
+
Invalid names: Fera Whalley 1983 [replaced]
Unr. Neoneuroptera Engel et al. 2018
+
Unr. Geoneuroptera Engel et al. 2018
+
Superfm. Ithonoidea Newman 1853
+
Fm. Ithonidae Newman 1853 [moth lacewing]
+
Invalid names: Polystoechotidae Handlirsch 1906 [synonym]
G. †Ominopsis Khramov et al. 2023
G. †Yamaguchius Khramov et al. 2023
Subor. Myrmeleontiformia Henry 1982
+
G. †Ankyloleon Badano et al. 2021
G. †Cladofer Badano et al. 2018
G. †Guyiling Shi et al. 2012
G. †Kuafupolydentes Luo et al. 2022
G. †Macleodiella Badano and Engel 2018
Superfm. Myrmeleontoidea Latreille 1802
+
Invalid names: Ascalaphoidea Lefebure 1842 [synonym], Nymphoidea Rambur 1842 [synonym]
Superfm. Psychopsoidea Handlirsch 1906
+
Invalid names: Prohemerobioidea Handlirsch 1906 [synonym]
Invalid names: Nemopteroidea Burmeister 1839 [empty]
Superfm. Hemerobioidea Latreille 1802
+
Fm. †Ascalochrysidae Ren and Makarkin 2009
+
G. †Ascalochrysa Ren and Makarkin 2009
Fm. Chrysopidae Schneider 1851 [green lacewing]
+
Subfm. Chrysopinae Schneider 1851
G. †Cretachrysa Makarkin 1994
Subfm. †Limaiinae Martins-Neto and Vulcano 1988
Subfm. Nothochrysinae Navas 1910
G. †Paralembochrysa Nel et al. 2005
Fm. Hemerobiidae Latreille 1802 [brown lacewing]
+
G. †Archaeomegalomus Nakamine et al. 2022
G. †Bothromicromus Scudder 1878
G. †Brasilopsychopsis Rumbucher 1995
G. †Cratopsychopsis Rumbucher 1995
G. †Cretomerobius Ponomarenko 1992
G. †Cretoneuronema Liu et al. 2022
Subfm. Drepanepteryginae Krüger 1922
G. †Hemeroberotha Makarkin and Gröhn 2020
Subfm. Hemerobiinae Latreille 1802
Subfm. Megalominae Krüger 1922
G. †Notiobiella Banks 1909
G. †Plesiorobius Klimaszewski and Kevan 1986
G. †Promegalomus Panfilov 1980
G. †Prospadobius Krüger 1923
G. †Purbemerobius Jepson et al. 2012
Subfm. Sympherobiinae Comstock 1918
Invalid names: Promegalomidae Panfilov 1980 [synonym]
Fm. †Solenoptilidae Handlirsch 1906
+
G. †Creagroptera Handlirsch 1906
G. †Ooidia Bode 1953
G. †Solenoptilon Handlirsch 1906
Invalid names: Chrysopoidea Schneider 1851 [synonym], Osmylitidae Martynova 1949 [empty], Polystoechotoidea Handlirsch 1906 [synonym]
Superfm. Osmyloidea Leach 1815
+
Fm. †Archeosmylidae Riek 1953
+
G. †Archeosmylus Riek 1953
+
†Archeosmylus costalis Riek 1955
G. †Babykamenia Ponomarenko and Shcherbakov 2004
+
†Babykamenia eskovi Ponomarenko and Shcherbakov 2004
G. †Lithosmylidia Riek 1955
+
†Lithosmylidia baronne Lambkin 1988
†Lithosmylidia lineata Riek 1955
†Lithosmylidia parvula Riek 1955
G. †Madygoneura Khramov 2024
+
†Madygoneura elongata Khramov 2024
G. †Osmylotriasia Khramov 2024
+
†Osmylotriasia superba Khramov 2024
G. †Triasella Khramov 2024
+
†Triasella ovata Khramov 2024
G. †Momonokus Khramov et al. 2023
+
†Momonokus obscurus Khramov et al. 2023
Fm. Nevrorthidae Nakahara 1958
+
G. †Balticoneurorthus Wichard 2016
+
†Balticoneurorthus elegans Wichard 2016
G. †Cretarophalis Wichard 2017
+
G. †Electroneurorthus Wichard et al. 2010
+
†Electroneurorthus malickyi Wichard et al. 2010
G. †Girafficervix Du et al. 2023
+
†Girafficervix baii Du et al. 2023
Invalid names: Palaeoneurorthus Du et al. 2023 [replaced]
G. †Palaeoneurorthus Wichard 2009
+
†Palaeoneurorthus eocaenus Wichard 2016
†Palaeoneurorthus groehni Wichard et al. 2010
G. †Proberotha Krüger 1923
+
†Proberotha dichotoma Wichard 2016
†Proberotha prisca Krüger 1923
G. †Rophalis Pictet 1854
+
†Rophalis relicta Pictet 1854
G. †Sisyroneurorthus Nakamine et al. 2023
+
†Sisyroneurorthus aspoeckorum Nakamine et al. 2023
Fm. Osmylidae Leach 1815 [lance lacewing]
+
G. †Archaeosmylidia Makarkin et al. 2014
+
†Archaeosmylidia fusca Makarkin et al. 2014
G. †Dimidiosmylus Khramov 2014
+
†Dimidiosmylus ramosus Khramov 2014
G. †Dzhidosmylus Khramov 2020
+
†Dzhidosmylus solus Khramov 2020
Subfm. Eidoporisminae Esben-Petersen 1917
+
G. †Stenosmylina Jepson et al. 2009
G. †Erlikosmylus Khramov 2014
+
†Erlikosmylus obscurus Khramov 2014
Subfm. Gumillinae Navas 1912
+
G. †Allotriosmylus Yang et al. 2010
G. †Enodinympha Ren and Engel 2007
G. †Epiosmylus Panfilov 1980
G. Gumilla Navas 1912
G. †Kolbasinella Khramov 2014
G. †Nilionympha Ren and Engel 2007
G. †Nuddsia Menon and Makarkin 2008
+
Invalid names: Burmaleon Myskowiak et al. 2016 [synonym]
G. †Osmylochrysa Jepson et al. 2012
G. †Tenuosmylus Wang et al. 2009
Invalid names: Epiosmylinae Panfilov 1980 [synonym]
G. †Karaosmylus Makarkin 1990
+
†Karaosmylus latus Panfilov 1980
Invalid names: Parosmylus Panfilov 1980 [replaced]
Subfm. Kempyninae Carpenter 1943
+
G. †Arbusella Khramov 2014
G. †Cretosmylus Makarkin 1990
G. †Euporismites Tillyard 1916
G. †Jurakempynus Wang et al. 2011
G. †Kempynosmylus Makarkin 2014
G. †Mirokempynus Ma et al. 2020
G. †Ponomarenkius Khramov et al. 2017
G. †Sauktangida Khramov 2014
G. †Kubekius Khramov 2017
+
†Kubekius multiramosus Khramov 2017
G. †Mesosmylidus Jepson et al. 2012
+
†Mesosmylidus vulgaris Jepson et al. 2012
Subfm. †Mesosmylininae Bode 1953
+
G. †Mesosmylina Bode 1953
Subfm. Osmylinae Leach 1815
+
G. †Lithosmylus Carpenter 1943
G. Osmylus Latreille 1802
G. †Vetosmylus Ma et al. 2020
G. †Osmylopsis Handlirsch 1906
+
†Osmylopsis duplicata Giebel 1856
+
Invalid names: Pterinoblattina binneyi Scudder 1886 [objective synonym]
G. †Palaeothyridosmylus Wang et al. 2009
+
G. †Petrushevskia Martynova 1958
+
†Petrushevskia borisi Martynova 1958
G. †Pronymphites Panfilov 1980
+
†Pronymphites elegans Panfilov 1980
Subfm. Protosmylinae Krüger 1913
+
G. †Juraheterosmylus Wang et al. 2010
G. †Jurosmylus Makarkin and Archibald 2005
+
Invalid names: Mesosmylus Panfilov 1980 [replaced]
G. †Myanmarosmylus Li et al. 2024
G. †Osmylidia Cockerell 1908
+
Invalid names: Oligosmylus Krüger 1913 [objective synonym], Protosmylus Krüger 1913 [synonym]
G. †Protosmylina Jepson et al. 2009
G. †Pseudosmylidia Makarkin 2017
G. †Sogjuta Martynova 1958
G. †Scapoptera Panfilov 1980
+
†Scapoptera recta Panfilov 1980
Subfm. Spilosmylinae Kruger 1913
+
G. †Ensiosmylus Khramov 2014
G. †Imanosmylus Makarkin 1994
G. †Zakamnosmylus Khramov 2020
G. †Stenochrysa Jepson et al. 2012
+
†Stenochrysa gradata Jepson et al. 2012
G. †Tengriosmylus Khramov 2014
+
†Tengriosmylus magnificus Khramov 2014
G. †Tetanoptilon Bode 1953
+
Fm. †Saucrosmylidae Ren and Yin 2003 [elegant lance lacewing]
+
G. †Bellinympha Wang et al. 2010
+
†Bellinympha dancei Wang et al. 2010
†Bellinympha filicifolia Wang et al. 2010
G. †Daohugosmylus Liu et al. 2014
+
†Daohugosmylus castus Liu et al. 2014
G. †Huiyingosmylus Liu et al. 2013
+
†Huiyingosmylus bellus Liu et al. 2013
G. †Laccosmylus Ren and Yin 2003
+
†Laccosmylus calophlebius Ren and Yin 2003
†Laccosmylus cicatricatus Fang et al. 2018
†Laccosmylus latizonus Fang et al. 2018
G. †Lebanosmylus Azar and Nel 2022
+
†Lebanosmylus leae Azar and Nel 2022
G. †Rudiosmylus Ren and Yin 2003
+
†Rudiosmylus ningchengensis Ren and Yin 2003
G. †Saucrosmylus Ren and Yin 2003
+
†Saucrosmylus sambneurus Ren and Yin 2003
G. †Thaumatomerobius Ponomarenko 1985
+
†Thaumatomerobius mirabilis Ponomarenko 1985
G. †Ulrikezza Fang et al. 2015
+
†Ulrikezza aspoeckae Fang et al. 2015
Fm. Sisyridae Banks 1905 [spongillafly]
+
Subfm. †Cretadilarinae Makarkin 2017
+
G. †Cretadilar Makarkin 2017
G. †Microsisyra Makarkin 2022
+
†Microsisyra carsteni Makarkin 2022
G. †Paleosisyra Nel et al. 2003
+
†Paleosisyra eocenica Nel et al. 2003
†Paleosisyra minor Wichard et al. 2016
Subfm. †Paradoxosisyrinae Makarkin 2016
+
G. †Buratina Khramov 2019
G. †Khobotun Khramov 2019
G. †Paradoxosisyra Makarkin 2016
G. †Protosiphoniella Khramov 2019
G. †Sidorchukatia Khramov 2019
G. †Prosisyrina Perkovsky and Makarkin 2015
+
†Prosisyrina sphinga Makarkin and Perkovsky 2016
†Prosisyrina sukachevae Perkovsky and Makarkin 2015
G. Sisyra Burmeister 1839
+
†Sisyra amissa Hagen 1856
G. †Stictosisyra Yang et al. 2018
+
†Stictosisyra pennyi Yang et al. 2018
G. †Gigantotermes Haase 1890
+
†Gigantotermes excelsus Oppenheim 1888
G. †Glottopteryx Makarkin and Archibald 2005
+
Invalid names: Glottidia Bode 1953 [replaced]
Unr. †Grammomorpha Khramov and Vasilenko 2018
+
Fm. †Panfiloviidae Makarkin 1990
+
G. †Epipanfilovia Yang et al. 2013
+
†Epipanfilovia fasciata Ponomarenko 1995
†Epipanfilovia oviformis Yang et al. 2013
G. †Opapanfilovia Khramov 2018
+
†Opapanfilovia bonata Khramov 2018
G. †Panfilovia Makarkin 1990
+
†Panfilovia acuminata Panfilov 1980
Invalid names: Crammosmylus Panfilov 1980 [replaced], Grammosmylus Panfilov 1980 [replaced]
Invalid names: Grammosmylidae Panfilov 1980 [replaced]
G. †Hongosmylites Makarkin and Archibald 2005
+
†Hongosmylites longus Hong 1996
Invalid names: Sinosmylites Hong 1996 [replaced]
G. †Idiastogyia Lin 1986
+
†Idiastogyia fatisca Lin 1986
G. †Ineptiae Handlirsch 1906
+
†Ineptiae meunieri Handlirsch 1906
G. †Kirgisella Martynov 1925
+
†Kirgisella ornata Martynov 1925
Invalid names: Kirgisellodes Martynov 1937 [objective synonym]
G. †Loxophleps Handlirsch 1939
+
†Loxophleps costalis Handlirsch 1939
G. †Melamnous Handlirsch 1939
+
†Melamnous indistinctus Handlirsch 1939
G. †Melaneimon Handlirsch 1939
+
†Melaneimon dubium Handlirsch 1939
G. †Mesohemerobius Ping 1928
+
G. †Mesoleon Handlirsch 1906
+
†Mesoleon dobbertinianus Handlirsch 1906
G. †Neuropterites Novák 1878
+
†Neuropterites depertitus Novák 1878
Fm. Panorpatae Latreille 1802 [common scorpionfly]
+
G. Nemoptera Latreille 1802
Fm. †Parakseneuridae Yang et al. 2012
+
G. †Parakseneura Yang et al. 2012
+
†Parakseneura albadelta Yang et al. 2012
†Parakseneura albomacula Yang et al. 2012
†Parakseneura cavomaculata Yang et al. 2012
†Parakseneura curvivenis Yang et al. 2012
†Parakseneura directa Yang et al. 2012
†Parakseneura emarginata Yang et al. 2012
†Parakseneura inflata Yang et al. 2012
†Parakseneura metallica Yang et al. 2012
†Parakseneura nigrolinea Yang et al. 2012
†Parakseneura nigromacula Yang et al. 2012
†Parakseneura undula Yang et al. 2012
G. †Pseudorapisma Yang et al. 2012
+
†Pseudorapisma angustipenne Yang et al. 2012
†Pseudorapisma jurassicum Yang et al. 2012
†Pseudorapisma maculatum Yang et al. 2012
G. †Shuraboneura Khramov and Makarkin 2012
+
†Shuraboneura ovata Khramov and Makarkin 2012
G. †Parasisyra Zalessky 1933
+
†Parasisyra kargalica Zalessky 1933
G. †Permorhipida Haupt 1952
+
G. †Protohemerobius Jepson et al. 2009
+
†Protohemerobius perexiguus Jepson et al. 2009
G. †Protopsychopsis Tillyard 1917
+
†Protopsychopsis venosa Tillyard 1917
G. †Pseudocorydasialis Jepson et al. 2012
+
†Pseudocorydasialis alleni Jepson et al. 2012
G. †Pseudomyrmeleon Handlirsch 1906
+
†Pseudomyrmeleon extinctus Weyenbergh 1869
G. †Sibithone Ponomarenko 1984
+
†Sibithone dichotoma Ponomarenko 1984
G. †Yanosmylus Ren 1995
+
Invalid names: Archeosmylus alysius Whalley 1988 [nomen dubium], Archeosmylus complesus Whalley 1988 [nomen dubium], Hemerobiiformia Henry 1982 [invalid subgroup], Hemerobini Latreille 1802 [empty], Libellulinae Latreille 1802 [empty], Myrmeleonidae Latreille 1802 [empty], Nevrorthiformia Aspöck 1995 [empty], Nymphes fossilis Hagen 1862 [nomen nudum], Papilionaceae Latreille 1802 [empty], Parasisyridae Zalessky 1933 [invalid subgroup], Perlariae Latreille 1802 [empty], Planipennia Latreille 1817 [synonym], Raphidioidea Handlirsch 1908 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: chitinc
Environment: terrestrialc
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Created: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Modified: 2017-04-17 09:56:18
Source: c = class, p = phylum
References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Asselian to the top of the Holocene or 298.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 295.5 Ma

Collections (466 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Asselian298.9 - 295.5Germany (Thüringer Wald) Permorhipida furcativenosa (128485)
Roadian272.3 - 268.8Russian Federation Eopsychopsis permiana (116456)
Wordian266.9 - 264.28Russian Federation (Kemerovo) Neuroptera indet., Hemerobioidea indet. (122566)
Capitanian264.28 - 259.51Russian Federation (Orenburg) Parasisyra kargalica (153668)
Changhsingian254.17 - 252.17South Africa (Kwazulu-Natal) Archeosmylus sp. (14361)
Changhsingian254.17 - 252.17Australia (New South Wales) Archeosmylus pectinatus (122433)
Changhsingian254.17 - 252.17South Africa (Natal) Archeosmylidae indet. (124428)
Griesbachian251.902 - 250.5Russian Federation (Kemerovo) Babykamenia eskovi (104713)
Anisian247.2 - 242.0Australia (Queensland) Lithosmylidia baronne, Gayndahpsychops carsburgi (154203)
Bithynian247.2 - 242.0Germany (Bavaria) Planipennia indet 2 (115969)
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0Kyrgyzstan (Osh) Madygoneura elongata, Ferganoberotha minutissima (105007) Osmylotriasia superba (106088) Triasella ovata (110763)
Longobardian242.0 - 235.0China (Shaanxi) Minonymphites orthophlebes (123778)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0France (Savoie) Osmylopsychops radialis (111060)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Japan (Yamaguchi) Momonokus obscurus, Berothidae indet., Triassoberotha japonica, Nipponopsychops fusilis, Yamaguchius splendidus, Ominopsis enigmaticus (106482)
Norian228.0 - 208.5Australia (Queensland) Lithosmylidia parvula, Osmylopsychops spillerae, Petropsychops superbus (154204) Neuroptera indet., Archeosmylus stigmatus, Archeosmylus costalis, Lithosmylidia sp. A, Lithosmylidia parvula, Lithosmylidia lineata, Proberotha superba, Proberothella elongata, Osmylopsychops spillerae, Archepsychops triassica (106484) Osmylopsychops spillerae (162403 162404 162405) Petropsychops superba (153463) Protopsychopsis venosa, Archeosmylus sp., Triassopsychops superba, Osmylopsychops spillerae, Archepsychops triassica (111558) Triassopsychops superbus, Osmylopsychops spillerae (162402)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3United Kingdom (England) Archeosmylus complexus (117340) Megapolystoechus magnificus (113961 115246)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Russian Federation (Chelyabinsk) Archedilaropsis furcata (157200)
Hettangian - Sinemurian201.3 - 190.8Kyrgyzstan (Tonskiy) Oligophlebiopsis biramosa (105084) Sogjuta speciosa, Petrushevskia borisi (105087)
Sinemurian199.3 - 190.8Kyrgyzstan (Tonskiy) Petrushevskia borisi (113412)
Bucklandi196.5 - 189.6China (Guangdong) Idiastogyia fatisca (8054)