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Mustelidae (mustelid carnivore)

Mammalia - Carnivora - Mustelidae

Taxonomy
Mustelidae was named by Fischer (1817). It is extant.

It was assigned to Digitigradae by Gray (1821); to Ferae by Bonaparte (1850); to Fissipedia by Cope (1889); to Ursocanidi by Jaekel (1911); to Caenoidea by Scheffer and Rice (1963); to Fissipedia by Flower and Lydekker (1891), Hendey (1974), Kurten and Anderson (1980), Vidal (1991); to Arctoidea by Salesa et al. (2006); to Arctoidea by Flower (1883), Hay (1902), Carroll (1988), Owen (2006), Peigne et al. (2008); to Musteloidea by Tedford (1976), Muizon (1982), Berta and Morgan (1985), Baskin (1998), Labs Hochstein (2007), Robles et al. (2010), Tseng et al. (2017); to Caniformia by Prevosti and Ferrero (2008), Salesa et al. (2013), Valenciano et al. (2015), Valenciano et al. (2016), Valenciano et al. (2018); to Mustelida by Wang et al. (2005), Wang et al. (2018), de Bonis et al. (2019), Paterson et al. (2020); and to Carnivora by Leidy (1873), Cope (1875), Kurten (1968), Nowak (1991), Sach and Heizmann (2001), Wang et al. (2004), Morales and Pickford (2005), Bever and Zakrzewski (2009), Tseng et al. (2009), Becker et al. (2010), Morlo et al. (2021).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1817Mustelidae Fischer
1821Mustelladae Gray p. 301
1850Mustelidae Bonaparte p. 1
1873Mustelidae Leidy p. 316
1875Mustelidae Cope p. 5–6
1883Mustelidae Flower p. 185
1889Mustelidae Cope p. 876
1891Mustelidae Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1902Mustelidae Hay p. 765
1911Mustelidae Jaekel p. 229
1963Mustelidae Scheffer and Rice p. 2
1968Mustelidae Kurten p. 90
1974Mustelidae Hendey p. 68
1976Mustelidae Tedford p. 372
1980Mustelidae Kurten and Anderson p. 146
1982Mustelidae Muizon p. 262 figs. Fig. 1
1985Mustelidae Berta and Morgan p. 810
1988Mustelidae Carroll
1991Mustelidae Nowak
1991Mustelidae Vidal p. 6
1998Mustelidae Baskin p. 154
2001Mustelidae Sach and Heizmann p. 30
2004Mustelidae Wang et al.
2005Mustelidae Morales and Pickford p. 235
2005Mustelidae Wang et al. p. 48 fig. 17
2006Mustelidae Owen p. 1002
2006Mustelidae Salesa et al. p. 381
2007Mustelidae Labs Hochstein p. 532
2008Mustelidae Peigne et al.
2008Mustelidae Prevosti and Ferrero p. 1172
2009Mustelidae Bever and Zakrzewski p. 466
2009Mustelidae Tseng et al. p. 14
2010Mustelidae Becker et al.
2010Mustelidae Robles et al. p. 550
2013Mustelidae Salesa et al. p. 453
2015Mustelidae Valenciano et al.
2016Mustelidae Valenciano et al. p. 6
2017Mustelidae Tseng et al.
2018Mustelidae Valenciano et al.
2018Mustelidae Wang et al.
2019Mustelidae de Bonis et al.
2020Mustelidae Paterson et al. p. 1322
2021Mustelidae Morlo et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivora
suborderCaniformiaKretzoi 1943
infraorderCanoidea(Simpson 1931)
superfamilyArctoideaFlower 1869
—Mustelida
familyMustelidaeFischer 1817
familyMustelidaeFischer 1817

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Mustelidae Fischer 1817 [mustelid carnivore]
show all | hide all
G. †Acheronictis Hayes 2000
+
†Acheronictis webbi Hayes 2000
G. †Ailurictis Trouessart 1899
G. †Anatolictis Schmidt-Kittler 1976
G. †Arikarictis Hayes 2000
+
†Arikarictis chapini Hayes 2000
G. †Bathygale Wolson 1993
+
†Bathygale lemanensis Pomel 1853
G. †Circamustela Petter 1967
G. †Corumictis Paterson et al. 2020
+
†Corumictis julieni Viret 1929
†Corumictis wolsani Paterson et al. 2020
G. †Djourabus Peigne et al. 2008
+
†Djourabus dabba Peigne et al. 2008
G. †Erokomellivora Werdelin 2003
G. †Franconictis Wolson 1993
+
†Franconictis vireti Dehm 1950
Subfm. Galictinae Reig 1956
+
Tr. †Galictini
+
G. †Oriensictis Ogino and Otsuka 2008
Subfm. Guloninae Gray 1825
+
G. Eira Smith 1842 [tayra]
+
Eira barbara Linnaeus 1758 [tayra]
Invalid names: Galera Browne 1789 [replaced], Tayra Palmer 1904 [synonym]
G. Galera Gray 1843
G. Grisonia Gray 1825
Tr. †Gulonini
+
G. Gulo Storr 1780 [wolverine]
+
†Gulo diaphorus Kaup 1833
Gulo gulo Linnaeus 1758 [wolverine]
+
Invalid names: Gulo gidleyi Hall 1936 [synonym], Gulo schlosseri Kormos 1914 [synonym], Ursus luscus Linnaeus 1758 [synonym]
†Gulo primigenius Roth and Wagner 1854
†Gulo sudorus Samuels et al. 2018
G. †Iberictis Ginsburg and Morales 1992
+
†Iberictis azanzae Ginsburg and Morales 1992
†Iberictis buloti Ginsburg and Morales 1992
G. †Plesiogulo Zdansky 1934
+
†Plesiogulo crassa Teilhard de Chardin 1945
†Plesiogulo lindsayi Harrison 1981
†Plesiogulo marshalli Martin 1928
†Plesiogulo praecocidens Kurten 1970
Tr. †Ischyrictini Ginsburg 1977
+
G. †Canimartes Cope 1892
+
†Canimartes cumminsii Cope 1892
G. †Dehmictis Ginsburg and Morales 1992
+
†Dehmictis vorax Dehm 1950
G. †Ferinestrix Bjork 1970
+
†Ferinestrix rapax Wolson and Sotnikova 2013
†Ferinestrix vorax Bjork 1970
G. †Ischyrictis Helbing 1930
+
†Ischyrictis mustelinus Viret 1933
†Ischyrictis zibethoides Blainville 1842
G. †Plionictis Matthew 1924
+
†Plionictis buwaldi Merriam 1919
†Plionictis gazini Hall 1931
†Plionictis kinseyi Gidley 1927
†Plionictis oaxacaensis Ferrusquia-Villafranca 1990
†Plionictis ogygia Matthew 1901
+
Invalid names: Martes glareae Sinclair 1915 [synonym]
†Plionictis oregonensis Shotwell 1970
G. †Sthenictis Peterson 1910
+
†Sthenictis bellus Matthew 1932
†Sthenictis campestris Gregory 1942
†Sthenictis dolichops Matthew 1924
†Sthenictis junturensis Shotwell and Russell 1963
†Sthenictis lacota Matthew and Gidley 1904
†Sthenictis robustus Cope 1890
Invalid names: Brachygale Peterson 1910 [synonym]
G. †Laphictis Viret 1933
+
†Laphictis mustelinus Viret 1933
G. Martes Frisch 1775 [marten]
+
Subg. †Martes (Tomictis) Hall 1931
Martes americana Kerr 1792 [American marten]
+
Invalid names: Martes nobilis Hall 1926 [synonym]
Martes caurina Merriam 1890
Martes flavigula Boddaert 1785 [yellow-throated marten]
Martes flavigula saba Chasen and Kloss 1931
†Martes foina Erxleben 1777
†Martes foxi Hibbard and Riggs 1949
†Martes gazini Hibbard 1958
†Martes intermedius Heller 1913
†Martes khelifensis Ginsburg 1977
Martes martes Linnaeus 1758 [European pine marten]
†Martes melampus Wagner 1841
†Martes parviloba Cope 1873
†Martes sansaniensis Lartet 1851
†Martes stirtoni Wilson 1968
†Martes vetus Kretzoi 1947
Martes zibellina Linnaeus 1758 [sable]
G. Pekania Gray 1865
+
†Pekania diluviana Cope 1889
+
Invalid names: Martes parapennanti Gidley and Gazin 1933 [synonym]
†Pekania occulta Samuels and Cavin 2013
†Pekania palaeosinensis Zdansky 1924
Pekania pennanti Erxleben 1777 [fisher]
G. †Hadrictis Pia 1939
Subfm. Helictidinae Gray 1865 [ferret badgers]
+
G. Melogale Geoffroy 1831
+
Melogale cucphuongensis Nadler et al. 2011
Melogale everetti Thomas 1895 [Bornean ferret badger]
Melogale personata Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1831 [large toothed ferret badger]
Invalid names: Helictis Gray 1831 [synonym]
Subfm. †Ictonychinae Pocock 1921
+
G. †Brevimalictis Smith et al. 2016
+
†Brevimalictis chikasha Smith et al. 2016
G. †Cernictis Hall 1935
+
†Cernictis hesperus Hall 1935
†Cernictis repenningi Baskin 2011
G. †Eirictis Qiu et al. 2004
+
†Eirictis robusta Qiu et al. 2004
G. †Enhydrictis Forsyth Major 1902
+
†Enhydrictis ardea Bravard 1828
†Enhydrictis galictoides Forsyth-Major 1901
†Enhydrictis melina Pei 1934
†Enhydrictis nipponica Naora 1968
†Enhydrictis praegalictoides Rook et al. 2018
G. Galictis Bell 1826 [grison]
+
Galictis cuja Molina 1782 [lesser grison]
†Galictis sorgentinii Reig 1957
Galictis vittata Schreber 1776 [greater grison]
G. Ictonyx Kaup 1835 [striped polecat]
+
Ictonyx capensis Kaup 1835
Ictonyx striatus Perry 1810 [zorilla]
G. †Lutravus Furlong 1932
+
†Lutravus halli Furlong 1932
G. Lyncodon Gervais 1844 [Patagonian weasel]
+
Lyncodon patagonicus de Blainville 1842 [Patagonian weasel]
G. †Martellictis Lucenti 2018
+
†Martellictis ardea Lucenti 2018
G. †Negodiaetictis Smith et al. 2016
+
†Negodiaetictis rugatrulleum Smith et al. 2016
G. †Pannonictis Kormos 1931
+
†Pannonictis baroniensis Rook et al. 2018
†Pannonictis nestii Martelli 1906
†Pannonictis pilgrimi Kormos 1933
†Pannonictis pliocaenica Kormos 1931
G. Poecilictis Thomas and Hinton 1920 [Saharan striped weasel]
+
Poecilictis lybica Ehrenberg and Hemprich 1833
G. Poecilogale Thomas 1883
+
Poecilogale albinucha Gray 1864 [African striped weasel]
G. †Sminthosinis Bjork 1970
+
†Sminthosinis bowleri Bjork 1970
G. †Stipanicicia Reig 1956
G. †Trigonictis Hibbard 1941
+
†Trigonictis cookii Gazin 1934
†Trigonictis macrodon Cope 1868
+
Invalid names: Lutravus idahoensis Gazin 1934 [synonym], Trigonictis kansasensis Hibbard 1941 [synonym]
G. †Trochictis von Meyer 1842
+
†Trochictis carbonaria Meyer 1842
+
Invalid names: Trochictis artenensis Ginsburg 1968 [synonym]
†Trochictis depereti Major 1903
†Trochictis narcisoi Petter 1963
†Trochictis peignei Morlo et al. 2021
G. Vormela Blasius 1884 [marbled polecat]
+
†Vormela beremendensis Pertényi 1864
Vormela peregusna Güldenstädt 1770
Invalid names: Grisoninae Pocock 1921 [synonym]
+
G. †Baranogale Kormos 1934
+
†Baranogale antiqua Pomel 1864
†Baranogale balcanica Spassov 2001
†Baranogale helbingi Kormos 1934
Subfm. †Leptarctinae Gazin 1936
+
G. †Kinometaxia Wang et al. 2004
+
†Kinometaxia guangpui Wang et al. 2004
+
G. †Craterogale Gazin 1936
+
†Craterogale simus Gazin 1936
G. †Leptarctus Leidy 1856
+
†Leptarctus ancipidens White 1941
†Leptarctus martini Lim and Miao 2000
†Leptarctus mummorum Korth and Baskin 2009
†Leptarctus oregonensis Stock 1930
†Leptarctus primus Leidy 1856
+
Invalid names: Hypsoparia bozemanensis Dorr 1954 [synonym], Hypsoparia timmi Lim and Martin 2002 [synonym]
†Leptarctus progressus Simpson 1930
†Leptarctus supremus Lim et al. 2001
†Leptarctus webbi Baskin 2005
†Leptarctus woodburnei Bever and Zakrzewski 2009
†Leptarctus wortmani Matthew 1924
+
Invalid names: Leptarctus (Pseudoleptarctus) genowaysi Lim and Martin 2003 [synonym], Leptarctus desuii Lim and Martin 2001 [synonym], Leptarctus kansasensis Lim and Martin 2001 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hypsoparia Dorr 1954 [synonym], Leptarctus (Pseudoleptarctus) Lim and Martin 2003 [invalid subgroup], Mephititaxus White 1941 [synonym]
G. †Schultzogale Lim and Martin 2000
+
†Schultzogale inexpecta Lim and Martin 2000
G. †Trocharion Forsyth Major 1903
+
†Trocharion albanense Forsyth-Major 1903
G. †Luogale Schmidt-Kittler 1987
Subfm. Lutrinae Baird 1857 [otter]
+
Tr. †Aonychini
+
G. †Cyrnaonyx Helbing 1935
+
†Cyrnaonyx antiqua de Blainville 1841
G. Enhydra Fleming 1822 [sea otter]
+
Enhydra lutris Linnaeus 1758 [sea otter]
†Enhydra macrodonta Kilmer 1972
†Enhydra reevei Newton 1890
G. †Enhydriodon Falconer 1868
+
†Enhydriodon aethiopicus Geraads et al. 2004
†Enhydriodon africanus Stromer 1931
†Enhydriodon dikikae Geraads et al. 2011
†Enhydriodon falconeri Pilgrim 1932
†Enhydriodon hendeyi Morales et al. 2005
Enhydriodon latipes Pilgrim 1931
†Enhydriodon sivalensis Falconer 1868
Invalid names: Amyxodon Falconer and Cautley 1835 [nomen nudum]
G. †Enhydritherium Berta and Morgan 1985
+
†Enhydritherium terraenovae Berta and Morgan 1985
G. Hydrictis Pocock 1921 [speckle-throated otter]
+
Hydrictis maculicollis Lichtenstein 1835
G. Lontra Gray 1843 [otter]
+
Lontra canadensis Schreber 1776 [North American river otter]
+
Invalid names: Lutra iowa Goldman 1941 [synonym], Lutra parvicuspis Gidley and Gazin 1933 [synonym], Lutra rhoadsii Cope 1896 [synonym]
Lontra felina Molina 1782 [marine otter]
+
Invalid names: Lutra brachydactyla Wagner 1841 [synonym], Lutra californica Gray 1837 [synonym], Lutra chilensis Kerr 1792 [synonym], Lutra cinerea Thomas 1908 [synonym], Lutra peruensis Gervais 1841 [synonym]
Lontra longicaudis Olfers 1818 [neotropical otter]
+
Lontra longicaudis annectens Forsyth Major 1897
+
Invalid names: Lutra colombiana Allen 1904 [synonym], Lutra emerita Thomas 1908 [synonym], Lutra latidens Allen 1908 [synonym], Lutra mesopetes Cabrera 1924 [synonym], Lutra parilina Thomas 1914 [synonym], Lutra repanda Goldman 1914 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Lutra incarum Thomas 1908 [synonym], Lutra insularis Cuvier 1823 [synonym], Lutra mitis Thomas 1908 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Lutra latifrons Nehring 1887 [synonym], Lutra platensis Waterhouse 1838 [synonym], Lutra solitaria Wagner 1842 [synonym]
Lontra provocax Thomas 1908
†Lontra weiri Prassack 2016
G. Lutra Brisson 1762 [otter]
+
Subg. †Lutra (Satherium) Gazin 1934
†Lutra affinis Gervais 1859
†Lutra brachygnathus Schlosser 1903
†Lutra bravardi Pomel 1843
†Lutra bressana Deperet 1893
Lutra capensis Schinz 1821 [African clawless otter]
+
Invalid names: Aonyx delalandi Lesson 1827 [synonym], Lutra inunguis Cuvier 1823 [synonym]
†Lutra castiglionis Pereira and Salotti 2000
Lutra cinerea Illiger 1815 [Oriental small-clawed otter]
+
Invalid names: Lutra leptonyx Horsfield 1823 [synonym]
†Lutra fatimazohrae Geraads 1997
†Lutra franconica Quenstedt 1885
†Lutra hessica Lydekker 1890
†Lutra licenti Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
Lutra lutra Linnaeus 1758 [European otter]
†Lutra lybica Stromer 1914
†Lutra nippon Imaizumi and Yoshiyuki 1989 [Japanese otter]
†Lutra palaeoleptonyx Falconer 1868
†Lutra perspicillata Geoffroy 1826
†Lutra simplicidens Thenius 1965
†Lutra sumatrana Gray 1865
Invalid names: Amblonyx Rafinesque 1832 [synonym], Aonyx Lesson 1827 [synonym], Barangia Gray 1865 [synonym], Hydrogale Gray 1865 [synonym], Latax Gray 1865 [synonym], Lataxina Gervais 1855 [synonym], Lutris Dumeril 1805 [synonym], Lutrix Rafinesque 1815 [synonym], Lutronectes Gray 1867 [synonym], Nesolutra Bate 1935 [synonym], Nutria Gray 1865 [synonym]
G. †Lutraeximia Cherin et al. 2016
+
†Lutraeximia trinacriae Burgio and Fiore 1988
†Lutraeximia umbra Cherin et al. 2016
G. †Lutrictis Pomel
Tr. Lutrini Gray 1865
+
+
†Algarolutra majori Malatesta 1978
G. †Cyrnolutra Pereira and Salotti 2000
G. †Limnonyx Crusafont Pairo 1950
+
†Limnonyx pontica Nordmann 1860
Limnonyx sinerizi Crusafont Pairo 1950
+
†Megalenhydris barbaricina Willemsen and Malatesta 1987
G. †Mionictis Matthew 1924
+
†Mionictis angustidens Hall 1930
†Mionictis artenensis Ginsburg 1968
†Mionictis dubia de Blainville 1841
†Mionictis elegans Matthew 1924
†Mionictis incertus Matthew 1924
†Mionictis letifer Cook and Macdonald 1962
†Mionictis pristinus Matthew and Gidley 1904
G. †Sardolutra Willemsen 1992
+
†Sardolutra ichnusae Malatesta 1977
G. †Satherium Gazin 1934
+
†Satherium ingens Gazin 1934
†Satherium piscinarium Leidy 1873
G. †Lutrogale
+
†Lutrogale cretensis Symeonides and Sondaar 1975
Invalid names: Isolalutra Symeonides and Sondaar 1975 [synonym]
G. †Megencephalon Osborn et al. 1878
+
†Megencephalon primaevus Osborn et al. 1878
G. †Paludolutra Hurzeler 1987
+
†Paludolutra campanii Meneghini 1863
†Paludolutra lluecai Villalta Comella and Crusafont Pairó 1945
†Paludolutra maremmana Hurzeler 1987
G. †Paralutra Roman and Viret 1934
+
†Paralutra garganensis Willemsen 1983
†Paralutra jaegeri Fraas 1862
†Paralutra lorteti Filhol 1879
†Paralutra transdanubica Kretzoi 1951
G. Pteronura Gray 1837 [giant otter]
+
Pteronura brasiliensis Gmelin 1788 [giant otter]
+
Invalid names: Lutra paranensis Rennger 1830 [synonym]
G. †Siamogale Ginsburg et al. 1983
+
†Siamogale melilutra Wang et al. 2018
+
Invalid names: Lutra aonychoides Zdansky 1924 [synonym]
†Siamogale thailandica Ginsburg et al. 1983
G. †Sivaonyx Pilgrim 1931
+
†Sivaonyx africanus Stromer 1931
†Sivaonyx bathygnathus Lydekker 1884
†Sivaonyx beyi Peigne et al. 2008
†Sivaonyx ekecaman Werdelin 2003
†Sivaonyx gandakasensis Pickford 2007
†Sivaonyx hendeyi Morales et al. 2005
†Sivaonyx hessicus Lydekker 1890
†Sivaonyx kamuhangirei Morales and Pickford 2005
†Sivaonyx lehmani Crusafont-Pairo and Golpe 1962
†Sivaonyx senutae Morales and Pickford 2005
†Sivaonyx soriae Morales and Pickford 2005
G. †Teruelictis Salesa et al. 2013
+
†Teruelictis riparius Salesa et al. 2013
G. †Tyrrhenolutra Hurzeler 1987
+
†Tyrrhenolutra helbingi Hurzeler 1987
G. †Vishnuonyx Pilgrim 1932
+
†Vishnuonyx chinjiensis Pilgrim 1932
†Vishnuonyx neptuni Kargopoulos et al. 2021
Invalid names: Aonyxini Sokolov 1973 [empty], Enhydrini Gray 1825 [empty], Enhydriodontini Morales and Pickford 2005 [empty]
G. †Marcetia Petter 1967
G. †Matanomictis Thewissen and Bajpai 2008
+
†Matanomictis maniyarensis Thewissen and Bajpai 2008
G. †Melidellavus Ginsburg 1961
Subfm. Melinae Burmeister 1872 [badger]
+
G. †Arctomeles Stach 1951
+
†Arctomeles dimolodontus Wallace and Wang 2004
†Arctomeles ferus Roshchin 1949
†Arctomeles sotnikovae Tedford and Harington 2003
G. Arctonyx Cuvier 1825 [hog badger]
+
Arctonyx collaris Cuvier 1825 [hog badger]
+
†Arctonyx rostratus Matthew and Granger 1923
G. Meles Brisson 1762 [badger]
+
Meles anakuma Temminck 1844
Meles canescens Blanford 1875 [Caucasian badger]
†Meles iberica Arribas and Garrido 2007
Meles leucurus Hodgson 1847 [Asian badger]
Meles meles Linnaeus 1758 [European badger]
†Meles taxipater Schlosser 1903
Meles taxus Boddaert 1785
†Meles teilhardi Qiu et al. 2004
†Meles thorali Viret 1951
Invalid names: Melesium Rafinesque 1815 [objective synonym], Taxus Geoffroy and Cuvier 1795 [objective synonym]
G. †Melodon Zdansky 1924
+
†Melodon incertum Zdansky 1924
†Melodon majori Zdansky 1924
G. †Pelycictis Cope 1896
G. †Promeles Zittel 1893
+
†Promeles palaeattica Weithofer 1888
G. †Taxodon Lartet 1851
+
†Taxodon hessicus Ginsburg 1999
†Taxodon sansaniensis Lartet 1851
G. †Mellalictis Ginsburg 1977
+
†Mellalictis mellalensis Ginsburg 1977
Subfm. Mellivorinae Gray 1865 [ratel]
+
Tr. †Eomellivorini Valenciano and Govender 2020
+
G. †Ekorus Werdelin 2003
+
†Ekorus ekakeran Werdelin 2003
G. †Eomellivora Zdansky 1924
+
†Eomellivora fricki Pia 1939
†Eomellivora hungarica Kretzoi 1942
†Eomellivora piveteaui Ozansoy 1965
+
Invalid names: Eomellivora liguritor Crusafont-Pairo and Ginsburg 1973 [synonym]
†Eomellivora tugenensis Morales and Pickford 2005
†Eomellivora ursogulo Orlov 1948
†Eomellivora wimani Zdansky 1924
+
Invalid names: Eomellivora orlovi Kretzoi 1965 [synonym], Eomellivora rumana Simionescu 1938 [synonym]
Invalid names: Perunium Orlov 1947 [synonym]
G. †Moralesictis Valenciano and Baskin 2022
+
†Moralesictis intrepidus Valenciano and Baskin 2022
G. †Hoplictis Ginsburg 1961
+
†Hoplictis grangerensis Bryant 1968
†Hoplictis noueli Mayet 1908
Invalid names: Beckia Bryant 1968 [synonym]
Tr. †Mellivorini Valenciano and Govender 2020
+
G. †Howellictis de Bonis et al. 2009
+
†Howellictis valentini de Bonis et al. 2009
G. Mellivora Storr 1780 [ratel]
+
†Mellivora benfieldi Hendy 1978
Mellivora capensis Schreber 1776 [honey badger]
Mellivora indica Kerr 1792
†Mellivora punjabiensis Lydekker 1884
G. †Mesomephitis Petter 1967
G. †Miomustela Hall 1930
+
†Miomustela madisonae Douglass 1929
Subfm. †Mustelavinae
+
G. †Mustelavus Clark 1936
+
†Mustelavus priscus Clark 1936
Tr. Mustelina Gray 1825
+
G. Zorilla Oken 1816
Subfm. †Mustelinae Fischer 1817
+
G. †Dinogale Cook and Macdonald 1962
+
†Dinogale siouxensis Cook and Macdonald 1962
G. †Lartetictis Ginsburg and Morales 1996
+
†Lartetictis dubia Blainville 1841
G. †Legionarictis Tseng et al. 2009
+
†Legionarictis fortidens Tseng et al. 2009
G. Mustela Linnaeus 1758 [weasel]
+
Subg. Mustela (Putorius) Cuvier 1817 [polecat]
+
†Putorius nambianus Cope 1874
Putorius nigripes Audubon and Bachman 1851 [black-footed ferret]
†Putorius stromeri Kormos 1934
Mustela aistoodonnivalis Wu and Kao 1991 [Sichuan weasel]
Mustela altaica Pallas 1811
Mustela erminea Linnaeus 1758 [stoat]
Mustela eversmanni Lesson 1827
Mustela furo Linnaeus 1758 [ferret]
Mustela haidarum Preble 1898 [Haida ermine]
Mustela itatsi Temminck 1844
†Mustela jacksoni Storer 2004
Mustela kathiah Hodgson 1835 [yellow-bellied weasel]
Mustela lutreola Linnaeus 1761
†Mustela meltoni Bjork 1973
Mustela nigripes Audubon and Bachman 1851 [black-footed ferret]
Mustela nivalis Linnaeus 1766 [least weasel]
+
Mustela nivalis kudarensis Baryshnikov 2009
Invalid names: Putorius rixosus Bangs 1896 [synonym]
Mustela nudipes Lesson 1827 [Malayan weasel]
†Mustela ogygia Matthew 1901
†Mustela pachygnatha Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
†Mustela palaeattica Weithofer 1888
†Mustela palermina Petényi 1934
†Mustela praenivalis Kormos 1934
Mustela putorius Linnaeus 1758 [European polecat]
†Mustela rexroadensis Hibbard 1950
+
Invalid names: Mustela gazini Hibbard 1958 [synonym]
Mustela richardsonii Bonaparte 1838 [American ermine]
Mustela sibirica Pallas 1773 [Siberian weasel]
†Mustela spelaea Holl 1829
G. Neogale Gray 1865
+
Neogale africana Desmarest 1818 [Amazon weasel]
Neogale felipei Izor and de la Torre 1978 [Colombian weasel]
Neogale frenata Lichtenstein 1831 [long-tailed weasel]
+
Invalid names: Mustela reliquus Hall 1960 [synonym], Putorius arizonensis Mearns 1891 [synonym], Putorius gracilis Brown 1908 [synonym], Putorius noveboracensis Emmons 1840 [synonym]
Neogale vison Schreber 1777 [mink]
Invalid names: Neovison Baryshnikov and Abramov 1997 [synonym]
G. †Tisisthenes Martin 1973
+
†Tisisthenes parvus Martin 1973
Invalid names: Mustelini [empty]
G. †Namibictis Morales et al. 1998
+
†Namibictis senuti Morales et al. 1998
G. †Oaxacagale Ferrusquía-Villafranca and Wang 2021
+
†Oaxacagale ruizi Ferrusquía-Villafranca and Wang 2021
Subfm. †Oligobuninae Baskin 1998
+
G. †Brachypsalis Cope 1890
+
†Brachypsalis matutinus Matthew 1924
†Brachypsalis modicus Matthew 1918
†Brachypsalis obliquidens Sinclair 1915
Invalid names: Brachypsaloides Webb 1969 [synonym]
G. †Floridictis Baskin 2017
+
†Floridictis kerneri Baskin 2017
†Floridictis petersoni Loomis 1932
G. †Megalictis Matthew 1907
+
†Megalictis ferox Matthew 1907
†Megalictis frazieri Frailey 1978
†Megalictis simplicidens Peterson 1907
+
Invalid names: Aelurocyon brevifacies Peterson 1907 [synonym]
Invalid names: Aelurocyon Peterson 1907 [synonym]
G. †Oligobunis Cope 1881
+
†Oligobunis floridanus White 1947
G. †Parabrachypsalis Baskin 2017
+
†Parabrachypsalis janisae Baskin 2017
G. †Paroligobunis Peterson 1910
G. †Promartes Riggs 1942
+
†Promartes darbyi Thorpe 1921
†Promartes gemmarosae Loomis 1932
†Promartes lepidus Matthew 1907
†Promartes olcotti Riggs 1942
†Promartes vantasselensis Loomis 1932
Invalid names: Promartes fossor Thorpe 1921 [nomen nudum]
G. †Zodiolestes Riggs 1942
+
†Zodiolestes freundi Labs Hochstein 2007
G. †Palaeomeles de Villalta Comella and Crusafont Pairó 1943
G. †Paragale Petter 1967
+
†Paragale huerzeleri Petter 1967
G. †Parataxidea Zdansky 1924
G. †Plesictis Pomel 1846
+
†Plesictis genettoides Pomel 1846
†Plesictis palmidens Filhol 1877
†Plesictis palustris Pomel 1846
†Plesictis plesictis Helbing 1930
†Plesictis robustus Filhol 1915
G. †Plesiogale Pomel 1947
+
†Plesiogale postfelina Dehm 1950
G. †Plesiomeles Viret and Crusafont Pairo 1955
+
†Plesiomeles cajali Viret and Crusafont-Pairo 1955
G. †Prepoecilogale Petter 1985
G. †Presictis
G. †Promellivora Pilgrim 1932
G. †Pyctis Babbitt 1999
+
†Pyctis inamatus Babbitt 1999
G. †Sabadellictis Petter 1963
G. †Sinictis Zdansky 1924
G. †Sivalictis Pilgrim 1932
G. †Skopelogale Baskin 2020
+
†Skopelogale melitodes Baskin 2020
Subfm. Taxidiinae Pocock 1920 [badger]
+
G. †Chamitataxus Owen 2006
+
†Chamitataxus avitus Owen 2006
G. †Pliotaxidea Hall 1944 [badger]
+
†Pliotaxidea garberi Wagner 1976
†Pliotaxidea nevadensis Butterworth 1916
G. Taxidea Waterhouse 1839 [badger]
+
†Taxidea mexicana Drescher 1939
Taxidea taxus Schreber 1778 [American badger]
+
Invalid names: Taxidea americana Gray 1865 [synonym], Taxidea robusta Hay 1921 [synonym], Taxidea sulcata Cope 1877 [synonym]
†Taxidea taxus marylandica Gidley and Gazin 1933
G. †Torolutra Petter 1991
+
†Torolutra ougandensis Petter et al. 1991
G. †Trochotherium Fraas 1870
G. †Watay McLaughlin et al. 2016 [weasel]
+
†Watay tabutsigwii McLaughlin et al. 2016 [weasel]
G. †Xenictis Kretzoi 1938
Invalid names: Lutrina Bonaparte 1850 [empty], Martinae Wagner 1841 [empty], Mephitina Bonaparte 1850 [empty], Mustellinae Fischer 1817 [empty], Potamotheriinae [empty], Viverrina Gray 1825 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: scansorialf
Diet: carnivoref
Diet 2: omnivoref
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Comments: life habit and diet based on Nowak 1999f
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-22 19:38:29
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Nowak 1991, Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Duchesnean to the top of the Holocene or 39.70000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 38.0 Ma

Collections (1065 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0Mexico (Oaxaca) Oaxacagale ruizi (219028)
Duchesnean39.7 - 37.0USA (California) Mustelidae indet. (17039)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Montana) Mustelavus priscus (17010)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (Nebraska) Mustelidae indet. (17014)
Chadronian37.2 - 33.9USA (South Dakota) Mustelavus priscus (17006)
Orellan33.9 - 33.3USA (South Dakota) Mustelavus sp. (17174) Plesictis sp. (17189)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4Mongolia Pyctis inamatus (180697)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Belgium (Antwerpen) Plesictis sp. (52047)
Whitneyan33.3 - 30.8Canada (Saskatchewan) Mustelidae indet. (17372)
Geringian30.8 - 26.3USA (Oregon) Corumictis wolsani (93078)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (California) Promartes sp. (17800)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Oregon) Mustelidae indet. (170309) Oligobunis sp. (93080)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (South Dakota) Promartes gemmarosae (17441)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Florida) Acheronictis webbi, Arikarictis chapini (17476)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Wyoming) Promartes lepidus (17822)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Montana) Mustelidae indet. (17540)
early Late Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Oregon) Promartes sp. (36854)
late Late Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (California) Mustelidae indet. (167826)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Georgia Plesictis sp. (182744)
Late/Upper Oligocene28.4 - 23.03Kazakhstan (Aktyubinsk) Mustelidae indet. (175921)