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Bisonocerida

Cephalopoda - Bisonocerida

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2012Bisonocerida Evans and King
2019Bisonoceratida King and Evans p. 76
2022Bisonocerida Pohle et al. p. 21

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
RankNameAuthor
phylumMollusca
classCephalopodaCuvier 1797
subclassEndoceratoideaTeichert 1933
orderBisonocerida
orderBisonocerida

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Bisonocerida Evans and King 2012
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Fm. †Allotrioceratidae Flower 1955
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G. †Allotrioceras Flower 1955
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†Allotrioceras bifurcatum Flower 1955
G. †Cacheoceras Flower 1968
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†Cacheoceras trifidum Flower 1968
G. †Mirabiloceras Flower 1955
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G. †Williamsoceras Flower 1964
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†Williamsoceras adnatum Flower 1964
Fm. †Bisonoceratidae Evans and King 2012
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G. †Bisonoceras Flower 1964
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†Bisonoceras corniforme Flower 1964
†Bisonoceras hornei Ulrich et al. 1943
G. †Disphenoceras Flower 1964
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†Disphenoceras conicum Flower 1964
G. †Parapiloceras Obata 1939
Fm. †Chihlioceratidae Grabau 1922
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G. †Chihlioceras Grabau 1922
Fm. †Coreanoceratidae Chen 1976
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G. †Coreanoceras Kobayashi 1931
Fm. †Emmonsoceratidae Flower 1958
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G. †Emmonsoceras Flower 1958
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Invalid names: Hudsonoceras Flower 1955 [replaced]
G. †Juaboceras Flower 1968
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†Juaboceras brathwaitei Flower 1968
G. †Tallinnoceras Balashov 1960
Fm. †Humeoceratidae Teichert et al. 1964
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G. †Humeoceras Foerste 1925
Fm. †Manchuroceratidae Kobayashi 1935
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G. †Chaohuceras Qi 1980
G. †Manchuroceras Ozaki 1927
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†Manchuroceras lemonei Hook and Flower 1977
†Manchuroceras nakamense Stait and Burrett 1984
Invalid names: Grabauoceras Shimizu and Obata 1936 [synonym]
Fm. †Padunoceratidae Balashov 1960
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G. †Padunoceras Balashov 1960
G. †Rossoceras Flower 1964
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†Rossoceras lamelliferum Flower 1964
Fm. †Piloceratidae Miller 1889
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G. †Allopiloceras Ulrich and Foerste 1936
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†Allopiloceras affine Ulrich et al. 1943
†Allopiloceras baylorense Ulrich et al. 1943
†Allopiloceras breve Ulrich et al. 1943
†Allopiloceras canadense Billings 1860
†Allopiloceras coarctum Foerste 1938
†Allopiloceras compressum Ulrich et al. 1943
†Allopiloceras erectum Ulrich et al. 1943
†Allopiloceras sevierense Ulrich et al. 1943
†Allopiloceras subrectum Ulrich et al. 1943
†Allopiloceras subunguliforme Ulrich et al. 1943
†Allopiloceras tennesseense Ulrich and Foerste 1936
†Allopiloceras unguliforme Ulrich et al. 1943
G. †Augeoceras Evans 2011
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†Augeoceras gracile Evans 2011
G. †Cassinoceras Ulrich and Foerste 1936
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†Cassinoceras amplum Dawson 1881
†Cassinoceras magister Foerste 1938
†Cassinoceras triton Billings 1865
†Cassinoceras wortheni Billings 1865
G. †Dartonoceras Flower 1964
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†Dartonoceras gracile Flower 1964
G. †Expandocassinoceras Evans 2011
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†Expandocassinoceras arkansasense Ulrich et al. 1943
†Expandocassinoceras grande Ulrich and Foerste 1943
G. †Liaotungoceras Shimizu and Obata 1936
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G. †Penhsioceras Endo 1932
G. †Piloceras Salter 1859
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†Piloceras acinaces Ulrich and Foerste 1938
†Piloceras gracile Billings 1865
†Piloceras invaginatum Salter in Murchison 1859
†Piloceras saffordi Ulrich et al. 1943
G. †Subpenhsioceras Shimizu and Obata 1936
G. †Utoceras Ulrich et al. 1943
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†Utoceras coloradense Ulrich et al. 1943
†Utoceras gleneyriense Ulrich et al. 1943
Fm. †Proterovaginoceratidae Evans and King 2012
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G. †Chazyoceras Flower 1958
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†Chazyoceras valcourense Flower 1958
G. †Perkinsoceras Flower 1976
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†Perkinsoceras foerstei Flower 1976
†Perkinsoceras inflatum Flower 1976
G. †Proterovaginoceras Ruedemann 1905
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Invalid names: Dideroceras amplum Balashov 1968 [synonym], Dideroceras brevispiculum Balashov 1968 [synonym], Dideroceras longispicum Balashov 1968 [synonym], Dideroceras pribalticum Balashov 1968 [synonym], Orthoceras duplex Wahlenberg 1821 [synonym], Schmidtoceras estonicum Balashov 1968 [synonym], Schmidtoceras kundense Balashov 1968 [synonym], Vaginoceras endoseptum Chang 1957 [synonym]
Invalid names: Schmidtoceras Balashov 1968 [synonym]
Invalid names: Sinoendoceratidae Lai 1985 [empty]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
D. H. Evans and A. H. King 2012Conchs of early forms strongly to weakly cyrto-breviconic, markedly compressed or depressed in section; later forms approaching orthoconic longicones, with depressed or subcircular section. External conch poorly known, but apparently smooth. Siphuncle broad, ventral in position, with holochoanitic or macrochoanitic septal necks. Endosiphuncle characteristically complex, with one or more crests present, which in advanced forms extend considerably into the siphuncle and bifurcate; endocones correspondingly complex, thicker around crests and often extending further adorally, ventrally or dorsally; endosiphoblades typically occur as narrowly to widely-arched pairs located between different areas of endocone growth, often forming infula containing several endosiphuncle tubes. Apical end of siphuncle swollen, producing a ‘pre-septal cone’ in some forms.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: fast-movingc
Life habit: nektonicc
Diet: carnivorec
Vision: well-developedc
Created: 2004-02-28 11:51:48
Modified: 2023-08-18 17:28:37
Source: c = class
Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Dawan to the top of the Telychian or 478.80000 to 432.90000 Ma

Collections (126 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Ibexian - Whiterockian488.9 - 457.3Thailand (Ron Phibum) Manchuroceras nakamense (189098)
Tremadocian486.85 - 477.1USA (Texas) Allopiloceras baylorense (189227) Piloceras sp. (189131)
Tremadocian486.85 - 477.1USA (Tennessee) Allopiloceras breve (189226)
Early/Lower Ordovician486.85 - 471.3USA (Texas) Allopiloceras sp. (293) Piloceras sp. (283)
Early/Lower Ordovician486.85 - 471.3Svalbard and Jan Mayen Cassinoceras sp. (212929) Piloceratidae indet. (212927)
Jeffersonian486.85 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland) Cassinoceras wortheni (195785)
Jeffersonian486.85 - 471.3USA (Oklahoma) Allopiloceras subrectum (100043)
Tremadocian - Floian486.85 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Allopiloceras gracile, Cassinoceras grande, Cassinoceras wortheni, Cassinoceras triton (98440) Cassinoceras triton (189276)
Tremadocian - Floian486.85 - 471.3United Kingdom (Scotland) Piloceras invaginatum (189124)
Tremadocian - Floian486.85 - 471.3China (Jilin ) Manchuroceras yenchouchengense (154815)
Jeffersonian - Rangerian486.85 - 470.3Canada (Quebec) Cassinoceras wortheni, Allopiloceras canadense, Allopiloceras coarctum, Cassinoceras magister (99217) Piloceras acinaces (189127)
Tremadocian - Dapingian486.85 - 469.4United Kingdom (Scotland) Piloceras hornei (189128)
Canadian486.85 - 457.3Canada (Quebec) Cassinoceras amplum (189295)
Canadian486.85 - 457.3USA (Maryland) Coreanoceras sp. (428)
Tremadoc486.4 - 477.1China (Anhui) Coreanoceras sp. (80137)
Tremadoc486.4 - 477.1China (JiangSu) Manchuroceras sp. (7920)
Tremadoc486.4 - 477.1China (Hebei) Piloceras platyventrum (222590)
Stairsian - Tulean483.4 - 475.3United Kingdom (Scotland) Chihlioceratidae indet. (188689)
Cassinian483.4 - 471.3USA (New York) Cassinoceras explanator, Cassinoceras grande (90082) Piloceras explanator (42798)
Cassinian483.4 - 471.3USA (Vermont) Piloceras explanator, Cassinoceras explanator, Cassinoceras grande (42793)
Cassinian483.4 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Cassinoceras wortheni (69196 133128 133134 189277)
Tulean - Blackhillsian481.7 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland) Piloceras sp. (195779)
Tulean - Blackhillsian481.7 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Cassinoceras wortheni (196381)
Tulean - Blackhillsian481.7 - 471.3United Kingdom (Scotland) Allopiloceras lonachonense (188733) Allotrioceratidae indet. (188732) Augeoceras gracile (188734) Bisonoceras hornei (188703 188710 188719 188736) Cassinoceras wortheni (188701) Cassinoceras wortheni, Allopiloceras bealachense (188714) Cassinoceras wortheni, Allopiloceras bealachense, Augeoceras gracile (188715) Cassinoceras wortheni, Allopiloceras bealachense, Bisonoceras hornei, Expandocassinoceras grande (188699) Expandocassinoceras grande (188711)
Dawan478.8 - 466.6China (Sichuan) Manchuroceras sp. (7661)
Floian477.1 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland) Cassinoceras wortheni (195746)
Floian477.1 - 471.3USA (Virginia) Cassinoceras sp. (189278)
Floian477.1 - 471.3USA (Arkansas) Cassinoceras arkansasense (189296)
Floian477.1 - 471.3China (Manchuria) Liaotungoceras manchuriense (189282 189283)
Floian477.1 - 471.3USA (Tennessee) Allopiloceras affine, Allopiloceras sevierense (189133) Allopiloceras tennesseense, Allopiloceras compressum, Allopiloceras erectum, Allopiloceras sevierense, Allopiloceras subrectum, Allopiloceras subunguliforme, Allopiloceras unguliforme (189132) Piloceras saffordi (189129) Piloceras saffordi, Allopiloceras subrectum (189130)
Floian477.1 - 471.3China (Liaoning) Penhsioceras fusiforme, Piloceras manchuriense (155020)
Floian477.1 - 471.3USA (New York) Cassinoceras grande (189274 189275)
Floian477.1 - 471.3Malaysia Chaohuceras sp., Manchuroceras nakamense (186493) Manchuroceras nakamense (186487)
Floian477.1 - 471.3United Kingdom (Scotland) Piloceras invaginatum (189123)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0South Korea (Kangweondo (Gangwon-do)) Manchuroceras sp. A, Manchuroceras sp. B (89512) Manchuroceras wolungense (89513)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (Guizhou) Coreanoceras sp. (4769 7386) Manchuroceras sp. (4768)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (Nei Mongol) Manchuroceras sp. (8543)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (JiLin) Manchuroceras sp. (21142 21146)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (JiangSu) Coreanoceras sp. (7922 7924 7941)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (HeBei) Chihlioceras sp., Coreanoceras sp., Manchuroceras sp. (7982) Chihlioceras sp., Coreanoceras sp., Manchuroceras sp., Penhsioceras sp. (7957) Coreanoceras sp. (7972 7975) Coreanoceras sp., Manchuroceras sp. (7963 7968) Manchuroceras sp. (7956 7962 7967) Manchuroceras sp., Piloceras sp. (7980)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (ShanDong) Coreanoceras sp. (20775) Manchuroceras sp. (20773)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (Hubei) Chaohuceras sp., Chihlioceras sp., Coreanoceras sp., Manchuroceras sp. (4726) Chaohuceras sp., Coreanoceras sp. (4724) Coreanoceras sp., Manchuroceras sp. (154775)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (LiaoNing) Coreanoceras sp., Manchuroceras sp., Piloceras sp. (20756)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (Tibet) Manchuroceras sp. (23605)
Arenig - Early/Lower Llanvirn477.1 - 461.1Argentina Piloceras sp. (8720)
Arenig - Early/Lower Llanvirn477.1 - 461.1South Korea (Kangweondo (Gangwon-do)) Manchuroceras hanense (89544) Manchuroceras tenuise (89545)
Blackhillsian475.3 - 471.3USA (Utah) Cacheoceras trifidum (233236)
Hunderum - Valaste472.1 - 465.9Sweden (Kalmar) Proterovaginoceras incognitum (89246)
Langevoja - Hunderum472.1 - 465.9Sweden Proterovaginoceras incognitum (163127) Proterovaginoceras sp. (163126)
Rangerian471.3 - 470.3USA (Utah) Cacheoceras uninodum, Juaboceras brathwaitei (233227)
Dapingian471.3 - 469.4USA (Colorado) Utoceras coloradense (189228) Utoceras gleneyriense (189286) Utoceras sp. (189279)
Dapingian - Darriwilian471.3 - 458.2Iran Proterovaginoceras incognitum (157543)
Middle Ordovician471.3 - 458.2USA (California) Rossoceras sp. (425)
Middle Ordovician471.3 - 458.2Norway Piloceras explanator (154903)
Chazyan471.3 - 457.3USA (New York) Allotrioceras bifurcatum (171798) Chazyoceras valcourense (42809) Mirabiloceras multitubulatum (171897)
Chazyan471.3 - 457.3USA (Vermont) Perkinsoceras foerstei (42814) Perkinsoceras inflatum (233259)
Whiterockian471.3 - 457.3Thailand (Satun) Chaohuceras sp. (189097)
Whiterockian471.3 - 457.3USA (California) Rossoceras sp. (104321)
Darriwilian469.4 - 458.2Australia (Tasmania) Manchuroceras sp., Piloceras sp. (2674)
Kunda469.1 - 464.3Estonia Proterovaginoceras incognitum (163120)
Kunda469.1 - 464.3Russian Federation (Novgorod Oblast) Endoceras incognitum (235857)
Kunda469.1 - 464.3Norway Proterovaginoceras incognitum (163121 163125)
Kunda469.1 - 464.3Lithuania Dideroceras incognitum (195461) Endoceras duplex (195460)
Kunda469.1 - 464.3Sweden Proterovaginoceras incognitum (163122)
Kunda - Aseri469.1 - 461.4Norway Proterovaginoceras incognitum (163128)
Llanvirn468.0 - 458.2China (QingHai) Manchuroceras sp. (8681)
Aluoja465.9 - 458.0Estonia (Harju) Proterovaginoceras incognitum (87640)
Aseri464.3 - 461.4Russian Federation (Kaliningrad oblast) Dideroceras incognitum (235881)
Late/Upper Llanvirn461.1 - 458.2Russian Federation (Siberia) Padunoceras sp. (9227)
Late/Upper Llanvirn461.1 - 458.2China (HeBei) Manchuroceras sp. (7988)
Late/Upper Ordovician458.2 - 443.1USA (Colorado) Utoceras leuromurale, Utoceras gleneyriense (216974)
Actonian - Onnian454.0 - 449.5China (ShanXi) Coreanoceras sp. (8007)
Telychian438.6 - 432.9Canada (Ontario) Humeoceras unguloideum (233158)