PBDB Taxon

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Cladocora

Anthozoa - Scleractinia - Merulinidae

Taxonomy

Cladocora was named by Ehrenberg (1834) [Sepkoski's age data: K u R]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Faviidae by Veron (2000); to Scleractinia by Sepkoski (2002); and to Merulinidae by Baron-Szabo (2014), Baron-Szabo (2021).

Species

C. arbuscula, C. barkii, C. bosquensis, C. brevis, C. caespitosa, C. gaasensis, C. gamachotensis, C. gracilis (syn. C. tenuis), C. haimei, C. jamaicaensis (syn. C. antarctica), C. johnsoni, C. liburnensis, C. michelottii, C. multicaulis, C. prevostiana, C. prolifera (syn. Rhabdophyllia intercostata, Aplophyllia paucicostata), C. reussi, C. rosicensis, C. tenuis

Species lacking formal opinion data

C. coespitosa, C. cracilis, C. delphinensis, C. ganachotensis, C. granulosa, C. manipulata, C. unilateralis, C. vermiculata

Entered

by J. Sepkoski on 2003-01-23; modified by M. Kosnik on 2013-04-30

Synonyms

Cereiphyllia was named by Barta-Calmus (1973). It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Cladocora by Baron-Szabo (2006).

It was assigned to Faviidae by Alvarez et al. (1994); and to Scleractinia by Sepkoski (2002).
Haimesiphyllia was named by Alloiteau (1957) [Sepkoski's age data: K Turo-u K Camp Sepkoski's reference number: 691]. It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Cladocora by Baron-Szabo (2002).

It was assigned to Scleractinia by Sepkoski (2002).
Rhabdocora was named by Fromentel (1873) [Sepkoski's age data: K Ceno K u].

It was synonymized subjectively with Cladocora by Kiessling (2014).

It was assigned to Montastreinae by Wells (1956); and to Scleractinia by Sepkoski (2002).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1834	Cladocora Ehrenberg
1873	Rhabdocora Fromentel
1956	Rhabdocora Wells
1957	Haimesiphyllia Alloiteau
1973	Cereiphyllia Barta-Calmus
1994	Cereiphyllia Alvarez et al.
2000	Cladocora Veron p. 88
2002	Cereiophyllia Sepkoski
2002	Cladocora Sepkoski
2002	Haimesiphyllia Sepkoski
2002	Rhabdocora Sepkoski
2014	Cladocora Baron-Szabo
2021	Cladocora Baron-Szabo

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
phylum	Cnidaria	Hatschek 1888
class	Anthozoa	Ehrenberg 1834
—	Hexacorallia	()

Rank	Name	Author
order	Scleractinia	Bourne 1900
family	Merulinidae	Verrill 1866
genus	Cladocora	Ehrenberg 1834

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Cladocora Ehrenberg 1834

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Cladocora arbuscula Lesueur 1820

†Cladocora barkii Duncan 1880

†Cladocora bosquensis Frost and Langenheim, Jr. 1974

†Cladocora brevis Seguenza 1882

Cladocora caespitosa Linne 1767

†Cladocora gaasensis Chevalier 1956

†Cladocora gamachotensis Chevalier 1961

†Cladocora gracilis d'Orbigny 1850

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Invalid names: Cladocora tenuis Reuss 1854 [synonym]

†Cladocora haimei Duncan 1880

†Cladocora jamaicaensis Vaughan 1899

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Invalid names: Cladocora antarctica Filkorn 1994 [synonym]

†Cladocora johnsoni Gane 1895

†Cladocora liburnensis Chevalier 1961

†Cladocora michelottii Milne-Edwards and Haime 1851

†Cladocora multicaulis Michelin 1842

†Cladocora prevostiana Milne-Edwards and Haime 1849

†Cladocora prolifera d'Achiardi 1866

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Invalid names: Aplophyllia paucicostata Reuss 1868 [synonym], Rhabdophyllia intercostata Reuss 1868 [synonym]

†Cladocora reussi Fromentel 1861

†Cladocora rosicensis Oppenheim 1912

†Cladocora tenuis Reuss 1868

Invalid names: Cereiphyllia Barta-Calmus 1973 [synonym], Haimesiphyllia Alloiteau 1957 [synonym], Rhabdocora Fromentel 1873 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragoniteo

Grouping:

colonialo

Clonal:

yeso

Environment:

marineo

Locomotion:

stationaryo

Attached:

yeso

Life habit:

intermediate-level epifaunalo

Diet:

microcarnivoreo

Diet 2:

photosymbiotico

Vision:

blindc

Reproduction:

alternatingo

Asexual:

yeso

Dispersal:

watero

Dispersal 2:

planktonico

Created:

2004-02-27 16:54:46

Modified:

2009-10-09 15:38:42

Source: o = order, c = class

Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Bathonian to the top of the Holocene or 168.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 165.3 Ma

Collections (133 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Bathonian	168.2 - 165.3	India (Kachchh)	Rhabdocora sp. (24050)
Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	Tunisia (Taţāwīn)	C. sp. (83347)
Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	Jordan	Rhabdocora sp. (83637)
Hauterivian	132.6 - 125.77	Jamaica (Saint Catherine)	Rhabdocora sp. (89647)
Late/Upper Albian	106.3 - 100.5	Switzerland	C. brevis (193913)
Early/Lower Cenomanian - Middle Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Egypt	C. sp. (150675)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Egypt	C. sp. (140242 161468)
Late/Upper Cretaceous	100.5 - 66.0	Pakistan	C. sp. (146036)
Late/Upper Turonian	93.9 - 89.8	Bulgaria	Haimesiphyllia salsensis (67563)
Middle Turonian - Coniacian	93.9 - 85.7	Greece	Procladocora jamaicaensis (64253)
Coniacian	89.8 - 85.7	Serbia	Procladocora tenuis (79221)
Santonian	85.7 - 83.6	Austria	C. gracilis (74895)
Santonian	85.7 - 83.6	Germany	Procladocora tenuis (74484)
Santonian - Campanian	85.7 - 72.2	Slovenia	Procladocora tenuis (23071)
Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian	85.7 - 72.2	Croatia	Procladocora tenuis (11410)
Campanian	83.6 - 72.2	Jamaica (Westmoreland)	C. jamaicaensis (88331)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Jamaica	C. gracilis, C. jamaicaensis (27650)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Mexico	C. cracilis, C. jamaicaensis (138913) C. gracilis (38870) C. jamaicaensis (74810)
Maastrichtian - Late/Upper Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Jamaica	C. gracilis (27646)
Danian	66.0 - 61.66	Antarctica	C. antarctica (11305)
Danian	66.0 - 61.66	Argentina (La Pampa)	C. gracilis (52354)
Danian	66.0 - 61.66	Puerto Rico	C. sp. (87547)
Danian	66.0 - 61.66	Pakistan (Sind)	Rhabdophyllia barkii (11288)
Danian	66.0 - 61.66	Spain	C. sp. (68902)
Danian - Selandian	66.0 - 59.24	Argentina (Chubut)	C. sp. (57167)
Danian - Thanetian	66.0 - 56.0	Italy	Rhabdophylliopsis alloiteaui (24269)
Late/Upper Paleocene	59.24 - 56.0	Egypt	C. barkii, C. prolifera (34686)
Thanetian	59.24 - 56.0	Spain	C. sp. (68903)
Thanetian	59.24 - 56.0	Italy	C. sp. (24270)
Thanetian	59.24 - 56.0	Somalia	C. rosicensis, Cereiphyllia tenuis, Aplophyllia barkai (45854)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Spain	C. sp. (77000)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Italy (Veneto)	C. sp. (180311 214758 214760 214765)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	Mexico (Chiapas)	C. bosquensis (85736)
Lutetian	48.07 - 41.03	Italy	C. sp., C. unilateralis (75454)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	USA (South Carolina)	C. sp. (5344 5354)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	Spain	Cereiphyllia tenuis (34480 34481 34482 34483)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	USA (North Carolina)	C. sp. (5366)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	Croatia	Rhabdophyllia tenuis, Rhabdophyllia intercostata (124308 124309)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	Slovakia (Zilinsky)	C. sp. (85002)
Late/Upper Eocene	37.71 - 33.9	Mexico (Chiapas)	C. bosquensis (85732)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Germany (Bavaria)	C. tenuis, C. multicaulis (10703)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Italy	Cereiphyllia sp. (224872) Cereiphyllia tenuis (13354)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	Spain	Cereiphyllia sp. (69710)
Early/Lower Oligocene	33.9 - 27.3	Italy	C. prolifera (69968 69969 69970)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	Italy (Veneto)	Cereiphyllia tenuis (91899) Rhabdophyllia tenuis (91655) Rhabdophyllia tenuis, Aplophyllia paucicostata (91634) Rhabdophyllia tenuis, Rhabdophyllia intercostata (91645)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	France (Aquitaine)	C. gaasensis (92231)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	Spain	Cereiphyllia tenuis (92084) C. sp. (92083)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	Italy	Cereiphyllia tenuis (70053)
Oligocene	33.9 - 23.04	Italy	C. prolifera (69942 69950 69965 69966 69967 69971) Rhabdophyllia tenuis (86953)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	France	C. granulosa, C. manipulata, C. ganachotensis, C. vermiculata (163836)
Late/Upper Oligocene	27.3 - 23.04	Puerto Rico	C. sp. (45402 45404)
Aquitanian	23.04 - 20.45	France	C. gamachotensis (70074 163837) C. vermiculata (161396)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Mexico (Chiapas)	C. sp. (85794)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Brazil (Para)	C. sp. (65162)
Aquitanian - Serravallian	23.04 - 11.63	Libya	C. michelottii (34499)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Pakistan (Sind)	C. haimei (11292)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Italy	C. sp. (70450)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Iran	C. sp. (41077)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	France	C. granulosa, C. multicaulis, C. prevostiana, C. gaasensis (70312)
Langhian - Serravallian	15.98 - 11.63	France	C. multicaulis (163846)
Middle Miocene	15.98 - 11.63	France	C. multicaulis (70510 70511)
Middle Miocene	15.98 - 11.63	Grenada	C. sp. (58667 58679)
Serravallian - Langhian	13.82 - 13.82	France	C. multicaulis (163845)
Serravallian	13.82 - 11.63	Panama	C. sp. (120410)
Tortonian	11.63 - 7.246	Italy	C. michelottii (70491)
Tortonian	11.63 - 7.246	Morocco	C. reussi (161391)
Tortonian	11.63 - 7.246	Portugal (Setubal)	C. multicaulis (92094)
Tortonian	11.63 - 7.246	France	C. delphinensis (161603) C. delphinensis, C. multicaulis (161599) C. multicaulis (70512 161593 161600) C. multicaulis, C. prevostiana (161597) C. sp. (161605)
Tortonian - Messinian	11.63 - 5.333	France	C. multicaulis, C. prevostiana (163847)
Messinian	7.246 - 5.333	Italy	C. michelottii, C. liburnensis (70417)
Early/Lower Pliocene	5.333 - 3.6	Spain	C. sp. (153720)
Zanclean	5.333 - 3.6	Italy (Provinz Siena)	C. caespitosa (138092)
Pliocene	5.333 - 2.58	Cyprus	C. sp. (34689)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.58	Spain	C. caespitosa (71144 147449)
Late/Upper Pliocene	3.6 - 2.58	Bahamas	C. johnsoni (73647)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene	3.6 - 0.774	USA (Florida)	C. johnsoni (85449)
Late/Upper Pliocene - Quaternary	3.6 - 0.0	Spain	C. caespitosa (147805)
Gelasian	2.58 - 1.8	Italy	C. coespitosa (278577)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.774	Italy (Calabria)	C. caespitosa (85065)
Early/Lower Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.774	Panama	C. arbuscula (80304)
Pleistocene	2.58 - 0.0117	Pakistan	C. caespitosa (107990)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	USA (Florida)	C. arbuscula (85455)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur)	C. caespitosa (84938)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	Italy	C. caespitosa (173351 173352 176632)
Middle Pleistocene	0.774 - 0.129	Barbados	C. arbuscula (102443)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	Italy (Apulia)	C. caespitosa (130581)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Greece	C. caespitosa (88773 88774)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Barbados	C. arbuscula (102418)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Spain	C. caespitosa (176764)
Late/Upper Pleistocene	0.129 - 0.0117	Italy	C. caespitosa (166071 176630 176631)
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial)	0.129 - 0.0117	France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur)	C. caespitosa (84937)
Holocene	0.0117 - 0.0	Greece	C. caespitosa (97633)