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Semionotidae
Taxonomy
Semionotidae was named by Woodward (1890).
It was synonymized subjectively with Lepidotidae by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Ganoidei by Woodward (1890); to Protospondyli by Woodward (1895); to Holostei by Lapparent (1955); to Semionotoidea by Schaeffer and Dunkle (1950), Gardiner (1960); to Pycnodonti by Jordan (1963); to Semionotoidea by Schaeffer (1947), Casier (1965); to Actinopterygii by Woodward (1916), Tintori and Olivetti (1988); to Halecostomi by Cartanyà (1999); to Osteichthyes by Irmis (2005); to Holostei by Friedman et al. (2010); and to Semionotiformes by Arambourg and Bertin (1958), Beltan (1972), Tintori (1996), Delsate (1997), Goodwin et al. (1999), Heckert (2004), Tintori and Lombardo (2007), López-Arbarello and Codorniú (2007), Lombardo and Tintori (2008), López-Arbarello (2012), Nelson et al. (2016).
It was synonymized subjectively with Lepidotidae by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Ganoidei by Woodward (1890); to Protospondyli by Woodward (1895); to Holostei by Lapparent (1955); to Semionotoidea by Schaeffer and Dunkle (1950), Gardiner (1960); to Pycnodonti by Jordan (1963); to Semionotoidea by Schaeffer (1947), Casier (1965); to Actinopterygii by Woodward (1916), Tintori and Olivetti (1988); to Halecostomi by Cartanyà (1999); to Osteichthyes by Irmis (2005); to Holostei by Friedman et al. (2010); and to Semionotiformes by Arambourg and Bertin (1958), Beltan (1972), Tintori (1996), Delsate (1997), Goodwin et al. (1999), Heckert (2004), Tintori and Lombardo (2007), López-Arbarello and Codorniú (2007), Lombardo and Tintori (2008), López-Arbarello (2012), Nelson et al. (2016).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1860 | Lepidotidae Owen |
| 1861 | Semionotus serratus Fraas |
| 1877 | Lepidotidae Cope p. 61 |
| 1878 | Lepidotidae Cope p. 298 |
| 1890 | Semionotidae Woodward p. 30 |
| 1895 | Semionotidae Woodward p. 49 |
| 1902 | Lepidotidae Hay p. 374 |
| 1916 | Semionotidae Woodward p. 26 |
| 1946 | Lepidotidae Rapp p. 511 |
| 1947 | Semionotidae Schaeffer p. 12 |
| 1950 | Semionotidae Schaeffer and Dunkle p. 15 |
| 1955 | Semionotidae Lapparent p. 12 |
| 1958 | Semionotidae Arambourg and Bertin p. 2176 |
| 1960 | Semionotidae Gardiner p. 370 |
| 1963 | Semionotidae Jordan p. 614 |
| 1965 | Semionotidae Casier p. 13 |
| 1972 | Semionotidae Beltan p. 312 |
| 1988 | Semionotidae Tintori and Olivetti p. 39 |
| 1996 | Semionotidae Tintori p. 169 |
| 1997 | Semionotidae Delsate p. 129 |
| 1999 | Semionotidae Cartanyà p. 546 |
| 1999 | Semionotidae Goodwin et al. p. 732 |
| 2004 | Semionotidae Heckert p. 80 |
| 2005 | Semionotidae Irmis p. 66 |
| 2007 | Semionotidae López-Arbarello and Codorniú |
| 2007 | Semionotidae Tintori and Lombardo p. 371 |
| 2008 | Semionotidae Lombardo and Tintori p. 131 |
| 2010 | Semionotidae Friedman et al. p. S32 |
| 2012 | Semionotidae López-Arbarello |
| 2016 | Semionotidae Nelson et al. p. 124 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Semionotidae Woodward 1890
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G. †Acentrophorus Traquair 1877
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†Acentrophorus altus Kirkby 1864
†Acentrophorus chicopensis Newberry 1888
†Acentrophorus robustus Brandt 2021
†Acentrophorus varians Kirkby 1862
G. †Pristisomus Woodward 1890
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†Pristisomus crassus Woodward 1890
†Pristisomus gracilis Woodward 1890
†Pristisomus latus Woodward 1890
G. †Sargodon Plieninger 1847
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†Sargodon cuneus Henry 1876
†Sargodon incisivus Henry 1876
†Sargodon tomicus Plieninger 1847
G. †Semionotus Agassiz 1832
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†Palaeoniscus agassizii Redfield 1841
†Semionotus australis Woodward 1890
†Semionotus beardmori Smith 1900
†Semionotus bergeri Agassiz 1833
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Invalid names: Palaeoniscum arenaceum Berger 1832 [synonym], Semionotus elongatus Fraas 1861 [objective synonym], Semionotus esox Berger 1843 [synonym], Semionotus spixi Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
†Semionotus braunii Newberry 1888
†Semionotus capensis Woodward 1888
†Semionotus elegans Newberry 1888
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Invalid names: Semionotus lenticularis Newberry 1888 [synonym], Semionotus modestus Newberry 1888 [synonym]
†Semionotus formosus Woodward 1908
†Semionotus gigas Newberry 1888
†Semionotus howelli Bock 1959
†Semionotus kapffi Fraas 1861
†Semionotus micropterus Newberry 1888
†Semionotus minutus Newberry 1888
†Semionotus normanniae Larsonneur 1964
†Semionotus ovatus Redfield 1841
†Semionotus parvus Redfield 1888
†Semionotus robustus Newberry 1888
†Semionotus tenuis Woodward 1890
Invalid names: Ischypterus Egerton 1847 [synonym], Semionotus gibbus Seebach 1866 [nomen nudum], Semionotus leptocephalus Agassiz 1833 [nomen dubium], Semionotus metcalfi Swinnerton 1928 [nomen dubium], Semionotus nilssoni Agassiz 1837 [nomen dubium], Semionotus trotti Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium]
G. †Tetragonolepis Bronn 1830
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†Tetragonolepis bouei Agassiz 1833
†Tetragonolepis confluens Agassiz 1835
†Tetragonolepis discus Egerton 1853
†Tetragonolepis drosera Egerton 1853
†Tetragonolepis heteroderma Agassiz 1832
†Tetragonolepis leachi Agassiz 1833
†Tetragonolepis leiosomus Agassiz 1836
†Tetragonolepis mastodonteus Agassiz 1836
†Tetragonolepis monilifer Agassiz 1836
†Tetragonolepis obscurus Münster 1841
†Tetragonolepis oldhami Egerton 1878
†Tetragonolepis ovalis Agassiz 1834
†Tetragonolepis pustulatus Agassiz 1836
†Tetragonolepis semicincta Bronn 1830
†Tetragonolepis serratus Henry 1876
†Tetragonolepis speciosus Agassiz 1835
Invalid names: Homoeolepis Wagner 1860 [synonym], Pleurolepis Quenstedt 1852 [synonym]
Invalid names: Lepidotidae Owen 1860 [synonym], Semionotus serratus Fraas 1861 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range: base of the Roadian to the top of the Late/Upper Turonian or 274.40000 to 89.80000 Ma
Collections (192 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ufimian - Late/Upper Kazanian | Russian Federation (Udmurtia) | Acentrophorus sp., Acentrophorus varians (187322) | |
| Late/Upper Kazanian | Russian Federation | Acentrophorus varians (197540) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation | Acentrophorus varians (109484 197598 197601 198777) | |
| Wuchiapingian | United Kingdom (England) | Palaeoniscus glaphyrus (90263 90264 90265 90266 90267 90268 90270 90273) Palaeoniscus varians, Palaeoniscus abbsii (122376) | |
| Wuchiapingian | United Kingdom (Durham) | Acentrophorus altus (232568) Acentrophorus glaphyurus (131707 131709) Palaeoniscus glaphyrus (130868) | |
| Wuchiapingian | United Kingdom | Acentrophorus glaphyurus (131704) Acentrophorus varians (131701) Acentrophorus varians, Acentrophorus abbsi (131700 131702) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Germany | Acentrophorus glaphyurus (130273 130276) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Italy (Trentino Alto Adige) | Acentrophorus robustus (232567) | |
| Changhsingian | Italy (Trentino-Alto Adige) | Archaeolepidotus leonardii (116442) | |
| Induan | Italy (Trentino Alto-Adige) | Archaeolepidotus leonardii (90275) | |
| Smithian | Svalbard and Jan Mayen | Semionotus sp. (153410) | |
| Spathian - Bithynian | Australia (New South Wales) | Semionotus australis, Semionotus tenuis, Pristisomus gracilis, Pristisomus latus, Pristisomus crassus (131926) | |
| Pelsonian - Illyrian | Australia (New South Wales) | Acentrophorus sp., Semionotus sp. (111729) | |
| Illyrian | Italy | Tetragonolepis sp. (149323) | |
| Ladinian | Saudi Arabia | Sargodon sp. (149547) | |
| Ladinian | Spain | Semionotus kapffi, Semionotus ovatus, Semionotus agassizi (149852) | |
| Longobardian | Spain (Tarragona) | Semionotus kapffi, Semionotus ovatus, Semionotus agassizi (109710) | |
| Julian | Italy | Tetragonolepis obscurus (137429) | |
| Carnian | USA (New Mexico) | Semionotidae indet. (22718) | |
| Carnian | USA (Texas) | Hemicalypterus weiri (84271) | |
| Carnian - Norian | USA (Texas) | Semionotus sp. (84270) | |
| Carnian - Norian | USA (North Carolina) | Semionotus sp. (89149) | |
| Late/Upper Triassic | USA (New Mexico) | Semionotidae indet. (80913) | |
| Tuvalian | United Kingdom (England) | Semionotus sp. (197334) | |
| Lacian - Sevatian | USA (New Mexico) | Semionotidae indet. (62311 62312) | |
| Norian | USA (Texas) | Semionotidae indet. (13266 48424) | |
| Norian | USA (New Mexico) | Hemicalypterus sp., Semionotus sp. (93682) Semionotidae indet. (57071 83737 83738 83740 93672) Semionotus sp. (93643) | |
| Norian | USA (North Carolina) | Semionotidae indet. (99541) Semionotus sp. (55493) | |
| Norian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Semionotus sp. (138865 138867) | |
| Norian | Malaysia (Pahang) | Semionotus sp. (204428) | |
| Norian | Switzerland (Schaffhausen) | Sargodon tomicus (47803) | |
| Norian | USA (Virginia) | Semionotus sp. (107271 224089) | |
| Norian | USA (Arizona) | Semionotidae indet. (39160 39219 48423 92850) Semionotus sp. (84017) | |
| Norian | Thailand (Chaiyaphum) | Semionotidae indet. (89992) | |
| Norian | USA (New Jersey) | Semionotus sp. (91743 187289 187317 187318 187319 190915) | |
| Norian | USA (Pennsylvania) | Semionotus ovatus, Semionotus howelli (99375) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | USA (Utah) | Semionotus sp. (135710) Semionotus sp., Hemicalypterus weiri (135711) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | Belgium | Sargodon tomicus (131520) | |
| Norian - Rhaetian | USA (Colorado) | Hemicalypterus sp. (178452) Semionotus sp. (135699 135712) | |
| Norian - Early/Lower Jurassic | Madagascar (Toliara) | Semionotidae indet. (96323 96325) | |
| Alaunian | Italy | Sargodon tomicus (121997 122000) | |
| Alaunian | Italy (Lombardia) | Sargodon tomicus (59639) | |
| Alaunian | Italy (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) | Sargodon tomicus (83417) | |
| Rhaetian | France | Sargodon sp. (149372) Sargodon tomicus (39366 149371) Semionotus sp. (39359) | |
| Rhaetian | France (Bourgogne) | Sargodon tomicus (109711) | |
| Rhaetian | Luxembourg | Sargodon tomicus (67895) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany (Westphalia) | Sargodon tomicus (218156) | |
| Rhaetian | United Kingdom (England) | Sargodon sp. (57958 89048) Sargodon tomicus (53829 96617 120897 120898 122365 131728 131729 163305 163310 163317) Sargodon tumicus (120928) | |
| Rhaetian | Belgium (Gaume) | Sargodon tomicus (139198 139199 139202 139204) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany | Sargodon tomicus (149329) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany (Baden-Württemberg) | Sargodon tomicus (91635) | |
| Rhaetian | France (Franche-Comté) | Sargodon cuneus (149398 149406) Sargodon incisivus (149407 149408 149409) Sargodon tomicus (149403 149405) | |
| Rhaetian | USA (Utah) | Semionotus sp., Hemicalypterus weiri (218214) | |
| Rhaetian | France (Jura) | Sargodon tomicus (60566 60567 60568) | |
| Rhaetian | Germany (Vienna) | Sargodon noricus, Sargodon tomicus (189823) | |
| Rhaetian | Austria | Sargodon sp. (195671) | |
| Rhaetian | France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur Region) | Sargodon sp. (166561) Sargodon tomicus (31772 31773) Sargodon tomicus, Tetragonolepis monilifer (31774) | |
| Rhaetian | USA (Arizona) | Semionotus sp. (84009) | |
| Rhaetian | Switzerland (Schaffhausen) | Sargodon tomicus (51235) | |
| Rhaetian | Poland | Sargodon tomicus (124679) | |
| Rhaetian | France (Champagne-Ardennes) | Sargodon tomicus (139922) | |
| Rhaetian | Netherlands | Sargodon tomicus (137660) | |
| Rhaetian - Hettangian | France (Basse-Normandie) | Semionotus normanniae (49654) | |
| Early/Lower Hettangian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Semionotus sp. (74210) | |
| Hettangian | USA (Connecticut) | Semionotus agassizi (51264) Semionotus sp. (47198 224079 224081 224082 224091) | |
| Hettangian | USA (Virginia) | Semionotus sp. (107637) | |
| Hettangian | USA (New Jersey) | Palaeoniscus fultus, Palaeoniscus agassizii (182625) Semionotus sp. (153635 187198) | |
| Hettangian | USA (Utah) | Semionotidae indet. (121321) Semionotus sp. (157016 194863) | |
| Liasicus | Belgium (Luxembourg) | Tetragonolepis sp. (40087) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | USA (Connecticut) | Semionotus sp. (224080) | |
| Hettangian - Sinemurian | USA (Massachusetts) | Semionotus sp. (153642) | |
| Early/Lower Jurassic | India | Paradapedium egertoni (239894 239895 239897 239898) Tetragonolepis oldhami, Paradapedium egertoni (239896) | |
| Early/Lower Jurassic | United Kingdom (Somerset) | Tetragonolepis sp. (198904) | |
| Sinemurian | USA (New Jersey) | Semionotus ovatus, Semionotus alatus, Ischypterus macropterus, Semionotus gigas, Semionotus lenticularis, Semionotus micropterus, Semionotus modestus, Semionotus robustus, Semionotus marshi (187288) | |
| Pliensbachian | South Africa (Free State) | Semionotus capensis (220880) | |
| Toarcian | United Kingdom | Tetragonolepis discus (131929) | |
| Toarcian | Germany (Bavaria) | Tetragonolepis semicincta (131928) | |
| Toarcian | Germany | Tetragonolepis semicincta (131924) | |
| Toarcian | Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) | Mengius acutidens (24862) | |
| Toarcian | Germany (Würtemberg) | Tetragonolepis semicincta, Tetragonolepis drosera (122171) | |
| Bathonian | Madagascar (Mahajunga) | Semionotidae indet. (92151 194791 194849 194851 194853 194861) | |
| Callovian | Kyrgyzstan (Jalal-Abad) | Lepidotidae indet. (46545 46549) | |
| Oxfordian - Tithonian | Australia (New South Wales) | Aetheolepis mirabilis, Aphnelepis australis (29461) | |
| Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (Colorado) | Semionotidae indet. (11611) | |
| Tithonian | Ethiopia | Semionotidae indet. (48831) | |
| Late/Upper Tithonian - Early/Lower Berriasian | Morocco (Oriental) | Semionotidae indet. (45726) | |
| Early/Lower Berriasian - Middle Berriasian | France (Poitou-Charentes) | Semionotiformes indet. (61930) | |
| Berriasian | France (Poitou-Charentes) | Semionotidae indet. (142093) | |
| Early/Lower Cretaceous | Chile (Antofagasta) | Semionotidae indet. (92228) | |
| Valanginian | USA (Utah) | Semionotus sp. (27017) | |
| Early/Lower Hauterivian | United Kingdom (England) | Semionotidae indet. (66421) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian | Thailand (Sakon Nakhon) | Semionotidae indet. (79489) | |
| Barremian - Albian | Tunisia (Tataouine) | Pisces indet. (25190) | |
| Aptian - Albian | Thailand (Ubon Ratchathani) | Semionotidae indet. (52346) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | USA (Oklahoma) | Semionotidae indet. (14374 14392) | |
| Albian | Tunisia (Tataouine) | Semionotidae indet. (116297 116299) | |
| Late/Upper Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian | USA (Idaho) | Semionotidae indet. (227195) | |
| Cenomanian | Brazil (Maranhão) | Semionotidae indet. (67225) | |
| Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian | Uzbekistan (Navoi) | Lepidotidae indet. (58164) |