Córcoles (Miocene to of Spain)

Also known as Córcoles A and B

Where: Castile-La Mancha, Spain (40.5° N, 2.7° W: paleocoordinates 40.5° N, 4.1° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Córcoles Formation, Early/Lower Miocene to Early/Lower Miocene (23.0 - 11.6 Ma)

• MN4-5

Environment/lithology: lagoonal; poorly lithified, calcareous siliciclastic sediments

• The fossils accumulated under a high-energy regime in a rather dry lagoonal environment (Iñigo, 1994). The Córcoles locality is situated in the Madrid Basin that formed as a foreland basin of both, the Betic and the Pyrenee chains.
• The fossiliferous beds consist of marly material of various colour with strong lateral facies variation (Iñigo, 1994, Est. Geol. 50, 247-252).

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Primary reference: Z. Szyndlar and F. Alférez. 2005. Iberian snake fauna of the early/middle Miocene transition. Revista Española de Herpetología 19:57-70 [J. Mueller/T. Liebrecht]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 136269: authorized by Johannes Mueller, entered by Torsten Liebrecht on 25.11.2012, edited by Juan Benito Moreno

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• The locality produced a lot of mammals. Also, the snake taxa listed have been mentioned by earlier authors (e.g. Szyndlar, 2000, PBDB reference no. 17389, and Szyndlar & Rage, 2003, PBDB reference no. 16853), but only previous identifications different from those of Szyndlar & Alférez (2005) are remarked.
Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Galeris exilis, Pseudoailurus quadridentatus, Pseudodryomis ibericus, Pseudodryomis simplicidens, Pseudodryomis robustus
Gastropoda
 Stylommatophora - Vertiginidae
Vertigo (Vertigo) sp.
Vertigo (Vertigo) sp. Müller 1773 slug
 Heterostropha - Lymnaeidae
Lymnaea sp.
Lymnaea sp. Lamarck 1799 snail
 Heterostropha - Planorbidae
Ancylus sp., Gyraulus sp.
Ancylus sp. Müller 1774 snail
Gyraulus sp. Charpentier 1837 snail
 Heterostropha - Valvatidae
Valvata (Cincinna) sp.
Valvata (Cincinna) sp. Ferussac 1821 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Bithyniidae
Bithynia sp.
Bithynia sp. Leach 1818 snail
 Sorbeoconcha - Hydrobiidae
Hydrobia sp.
Hydrobia sp. Hartmann 1821 snail
Ostracoda
 Podocopa -
Podocopa indet.
Podocopa indet. ostracod
Various gen. and sp. indet.
Actinopteri
 Siluriformes - Siluridae
Siluridae indet.
Siluridae indet. Cuvier 1816 catfish
 Cypriniformes - Cyprinidae
Leuciscus sp.
Leuciscus sp. Cuvier 1817 carp-like fish
Amphibia
 Salientia - Discoglossidae
Discoglossidae indet.
Discoglossidae indet. Günther 1859 painted frog
 Salientia - Bufonidae
Bufo sp., Bufo cf. viridis
Bufo sp. Laurenti 1768 toad
Bufo cf. viridis Laurenti 1768 European green toad
 Salientia - Ranidae
Rana sp.
Rana sp. Linnaeus 1758 frog
 Caudata - Urodela
Salamandridae indet.
Salamandridae indet. Gray 1825 newt
Reptilia
 Squamata - Colubridae
Colubridae indet., cf. Coluber sp.
Colubridae indet. Oppel 1811 colubrid snake
identified as Colubrinae gen et sp. indet by Alférez & Brea (1981)
cf. Coluber sp. Linnaeus 1758 racer
 Squamata -
Booidea indet.
Booidea indet. Gray 1825 snake
 Squamata - Boidae
Eryx sp.
Eryx sp. Daudin 1803 true sand boa
identified as Erycinae gen et sp. indet by Alférez & Brea (1981)
 Squamata - Elapidae
"Naja sp." = Naja, "Palaeonaja sp." = Naja
"Naja sp." = Naja Laurenti 1768 cobra
identified as Palaeonaja sp. by Alférez & Brea (1981)
"Palaeonaja sp." = Naja Laurenti 1768 cobra
 Squamata - Crotalidae
Vipera sp.
Vipera sp. Laurenti 1768 pit viper
"Oriental viper"
 Squamata -
Scolecophidia indet.
Scolecophidia indet. snake
identified as Typhlops by Alférez & Brea (1981)
 Squamata - Typhlopidae
Typhlops sp.
Typhlops sp. Oppel 1811 blind snake
 Squamata - Amphisbaenidae
Amphisbaenidae indet., "cf. Blanus sp." = Blanus, "? Omoiotyphlops sp." = Blanus
Amphisbaenidae indet. Gray 1865 worm lizard
"cf. Blanus sp." = Blanus Wagler 1830 worm lizard
"? Omoiotyphlops sp." = Blanus Wagler 1830 worm lizard
 Squamata - Lacertidae
? Pseudeumeces sp., Lacerta sp., ? Dracaenosaurus sp.
? Pseudeumeces sp. Hoffstetter 1944 squamates
Lacerta sp. Linnaeus 1758 squamates
? Dracaenosaurus sp. Pomel 1846 squamates
 Squamata - Varanidae
Varanus cf. hoffmanni
Varanus cf. hoffmanni Roger 1898 monitor lizard
 Squamata - Anguidae
Ophisaurus sp.
Ophisaurus sp. Daudin 1803 glass lizard
 Squamata - Gekkonidae
Gekkonidae indet.
Gekkonidae indet. Gray 1825 gecko
 Testudines - Geoemydidae
? Clemmydopsis sp., Mauremys sp.
? Clemmydopsis sp. Boda 1927 turtle
Mauremys sp. Gray 1870 pond turtle
 Crocodylia - Crocodylidae
Crocodylidae indet.
Aves
 Aves -
Aves indet.
Aves indet. bird
Other species indet.
Reptilia
 Theropoda - Phasianidae
Miophasianus sp.
Miophasianus sp. Lambrecht 1933 pheasant
Mammalia
 Pholidota - Patriomanidae
"? Teutomanis sp." = Necromanis
"? Teutomanis sp." = Necromanis Filhol 1894 pangolin
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Amphicyon major
Amphicyon major De Blainville 1841 bear-dog
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Plithocyon armagnecensis, ? Dinocyon thenardi
? Dinocyon thenardi Jourdan 1861 bear
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Martes cf. pusilla
 Carnivora - Ailuridae
cf. Alopecocyon sp.
cf. Alopecocyon sp. Camp and Vanderhoof 1940 red panda
 Carnivora - Felidae
Felidae indet.
Felidae indet. Gray 1821 cat
 Artiodactyla - Suidae
Listriodon lockharti
Listriodon lockharti Pomel 1848 pig
 Artiodactyla - Palaeomerycidae
Palaeomeryx kaupi, Procervulus aurelianensis
Palaeomeryx kaupi von Meyer 1834 ruminant
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Eotragus artenensis
 Artiodactyla - Cainotheriidae
Cainotherium miocaenicum
Cainotherium miocaenicum Crusafont-Pairo 1955 even-toed ungulate
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Anchitherium aurelianense
Anchitherium aurelianense Cuvier 1825 anchitheriine horse
 Perissodactyla - Chalicotheriidae
cf. Chalicotherium sp.
cf. Chalicotherium sp. Kaup 1833 chalicothere
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Rhinocerotidae indet., Hispanotherium matritensis
Rhinocerotidae indet. Gray 1821 rhinoceros
 Soricomorpha - Soricidae
Sorex sp.
Sorex sp. Linnaeus 1758 long-tailed shrew
 Lagomorpha - Ochotonidae
Lagopsis penai
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
Heteroxerus cf. rubricati
 Rodentia - Gliridae
Armantomys aragonensis, Peridyromys cf. murinus, Microdyromys koenigswaldi
Armantomys aragonensis de Bruijn 1966 dormouse
Peridyromys cf. murinus Pomel 1853 dormouse
Microdyromys koenigswaldi de Bruijn 1966 dormouse
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Megacricetodon minor, Fahlbuschia koenigswaldi
Megacricetodon minor Lartet 1851 rodent
Fahlbuschia koenigswaldi Freudenthal 1963 rodent
 Chiroptera - Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophidae indet., Rhinolophus sp.
Rhinolophidae indet. Gray 1825 horseshoe bat
Rhinolophus sp. Lacépède 1799 horseshoe bat
 Proboscidea - Gomphotheriidae
Gomphotherium angustidens
Gomphotherium angustidens Burmeister 1837 gomphothere