Parent taxon: Gymnospermae according to Z. Wang et al. 2018
See also Doweld 2001
Sister taxa: Aethophyllum, Alatocarpus, Allicospermum, Araucariales, Arberiella, Archaeosperma, Barakaroxylon, Belemnopteris, Bennettitales, Birsinghpuria, Bulbospermum, Cardiocarpum, Carpodium, Collospermum, Coniferae, Coniferales, Cornucarpus, Cupressoconus, Damudoxylon, Entylissa, Gondwanophyllites, Indoxylon, Kamthioxylon, Kaokoxylon, Kryshtofovichiella, Lyginopteridopsida, Maheshwariella, Megaporoxylon, Nandorioxylon, Nidispermum, Niponophyllum, Nummulospermum, Otofeistia, Pakuriospermum, Palaeocarpus, Palispermum, Pantiaspermum, Paradoxospermum, Parapalaeoxylon, Platycardia, Polyloboxylon, Polysolenoxylon, Prototaxopitys, Prototaxoxylon, Pyriformispermum, Retortistoma, Rotundaspermum, Savitrispermum, Scirroma, Sclerospiroxylon, Sertostrobus, Shivacarpus, Sonajorispermum, Stephanostoma, Stereocarpus, Sujfunophyllum, Surangephyllum, Tanaidia, Tanaidocarpidium, Taxaliospermum, Taxineae, Taxopitys, Triangulospermum, Trigonomyelon, Uesuguipollenites, Voltziostrobus, Zalesskioxylon, Exesipollenites, Svalbardoxylon, Squamae, Lagenospermopsida, Minutosaccus, Solenoxylon, Majsassia, Perinopollenites, Eddya, Ktalenia, Parcisporites, Lasiostrobus, Scotoxylon, Trisocladus, Galeacornea, Yezonia, Cycadinoxylon, Parataxopitys, Protopolyporoxylon, Embergerixylon, Amdrupia, Antarcticoxylon, Pteridospermopsida, Tordoxylon, Dinophyton, Pteridospermaexylon, Zonallapollenites, Lobatoxylon, Taeniopitys, Indusiisporites, Decussosporites, Protocircoporoxylon, Protopitys, Rugubivesiculites, Falcisporites, Taxacites, Sofrepites, Cerebropollenites, Darneya, Prototaxodioxylon, Tungussocarpus, Ashmoripollis, Pilasporites, Yorkoxylon, Shanbeipollenites, Menaispermae, Gnetaceaepollenites, Alisporites, Reticulopitys, Paradoxoxylon, Striomonosaccites, Cedripites, Enzonalasporites, Accintisporites
Subtaxa: Cordaitaceae
Ecology: "photoautotroph"
Distribution:
• Triassic of Argentina (3 collections), Chile (1), France (1), India (2), Mexico (3), the Russian Federation (3)
• Permian to Triassic of South Africa (2)
• Permian of Antarctica (5), Australia (18), Botswana (1), Brazil (16), Canada (2: Prince Edward Island), Chile (1), China (33), the Congo-Kinshasa (4), India (11), Madagascar (4), Mongolia (4), Niger (1), the Russian Federation (58), South Africa (6), Tanzania (1), Uganda (1), United States (1: Texas), Zambia (2), Zimbabwe (1)
• Carboniferous to Permian of the Russian Federation (1)
• Carboniferous of Argentina (1), Canada (2: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia), the Russian Federation (4), Ukraine (1), United States (14: Alabama, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, New Mexico, Ohio, Utah, West Virginia)
• Devonian of Canada (1: Quebec)
Total: 209 collections including 365 occurrences