Parent taxon: Gymnospermae according to E. I. Vera et al. 2022
See also Ash 1999, Chandler 1961, Chandler 1962, Chandler 1963, Chandler 1964, Chandler 1978, Christophel 1976, Hickey 1977, Knowlton 1919, Knowlton 1926, McLoughlin et al. 1995, Meyen 1984, Retallack 1981, Shoshani et al. 1989, Taylor et al. 2008 and Upchurch et al. 1994
Sister taxa: Condylites, Masculostrobus, Palaeocyparis, Pinopsida, Podocarpopsida, Satyrites incertus, Taxopsida, Voltziopsida, Collospermum, Tanaidia, Arberiella, Stephanostoma, Cornucarpus, Triangulospermum, Taxineae, Zalesskioxylon, Retortistoma, Polyloboxylon, Surangephyllum, Megaporoxylon, Sujfunophyllum, Nidispermum, Niponophyllum, Cardiocarpum, Palaeocarpus, Bennettitales, Scirroma, Pyriformispermum, Otofeistia, Polysolenoxylon, Birsinghpuria, Prototaxopitys, Savitrispermum, Araucariales, Kryshtofovichiella, Taxaliospermum, Trigonomyelon, Platycardia, Cordaitopsida, Palispermum, Entylissa, Pantiaspermum, Rotundaspermum, Carpodium, Maheshwariella, Gondwanophyllites, Kaokoxylon, Sertostrobus, Nummulospermum, Aethophyllum, Damudoxylon, Kamthioxylon, Pakuriospermum, Shivacarpus, Sonajorispermum, Paradoxospermum, Belemnopteris, Alatocarpus, Sclerospiroxylon, Indoxylon, Stereocarpus, Cupressoconus, Taxopitys, Nandorioxylon, Tanaidocarpidium, Archaeosperma, Uesuguipollenites, Prototaxoxylon, Bulbospermum, Voltziostrobus, Parapalaeoxylon, Barakaroxylon, Coniferoovulites
Subtaxa: Aachenia Abietites Allocladus Alostrobus Ammatopsis Androvettia Anomaspis Anthodium Apterostrobus Araucarineae Arauspiropitys Arautamyelon Athrotaxites Aulacolepis Australoxylon Baliostichus Bardella Biarmodendron Bilsdalea Brachyphyllaceae Brunswickia Buriadia Callipitys Catervoxylon Cedrostrobus Cephalotaxites Ceratoxylon Chapmanoxylon Circulina Compsostrobaceae Coniferaepites Coniferipites Coniferocaulon Coniferomyelon Crossotolepis Cupressaceae Cupressinanthus Cupressinostrobus Cupressinoxylon Cyclopitys Dactylethrophyllum Dactyolepis Dechellyia Desmiophyllum Diplostrobus Distichophyllites Echinostrobus Entomolepis Ernestiodendron Eugeinitzia Europoxylon Feildenia Feildeniopsis Fraxinopsis Fricia Fuchselia Germanophyton Glyptolepis Haiburnia Harrisiophyllum Harrisostrobus Heterolepis Indophyllum Kendoxylon Keteleerioxylon Kettneria Lecrosia Lelestrobus Lepidostrobus Libocedroxylon Marwaria Mehtaia Microlepidium Nematocaulis Nematofolium Nematoglobus Nematopetiolus Nematoxylon Nipanioruha Nipaniostrobus Ortiseia Pachylepis Palaeocedrus Palaeolepis Palaeopiceoxylon Palaeospiroxylon Palaeotaxus Palissyaceae Papaninia Paracatervoxylon Paranocladus Parapalaeospiroxylon Pararaucariaceae Parasequoia Passalostrobus Petrophiloides Phacolepis Phyllocladopsis Physematopitys Piceites Piceophyllum Pinostrobus Pityanthus Pityoidolepis Planoxylon Plutonia Podocarpaceae Podostrobus Protoginkgoxylon Protophyllocladoxylon Protospiroxylon Pseudopinus Ptenostrobus Quadrocladus Ranaoxylon Raritania Retinosporites Rhenania Rhipidiocladus Romeroites Ruehleostachys Samaropsis Satpuria Schidolepium Schizolepis Searsolia Sequoiopsis Sequoipsis Sequoites Sitholeya Smeystersia Spermatostrobus Sphenaspis Spondylostrobus Squama Stabbarpia Stachycarpites Stenorhachis Strobilites Strobilostrobus Szecladia Taxodiaceaepollenites Taxodiella Taxodineae Taxodites Taxulus Telephragmoxylon Tomaxellia Torreyites Tricranolepis Tsugites Uralodendron Voltziaceaesporites Voltzioxylon Walchianthus Walchiopremnon Walkomiella Walkomiellospermum Widdringtonoxylon Xantholithus Yatsenkoxylon Yezostrobus Zeugophyllites Zygophillites