Full reference: D. H. Erwin, M. Laflamme, S. M. Tweedt, E. A. Sperling, D. Pisani and K. J. Peterson. 2011. The Cambrian Conundrum: Early Divergence and Later Ecological Success in the Early History of Animals. Science 334(6059):1091-1097
Parent taxon: Metazoa according to D. H. Erwin et al. 2011
See also Boddy et al. 2022 and Grazhdankin 2014
Sister taxa: Bilateria, Diploblastica, Homoblastica, Hyolithelminthida, Vertebrosa, Westgardia, Helanoichnus, Khasaktidae, Agmata, Hadryniscala, Tetraradialomorpha, Epitheliozoa, Muricassis, Sentularia, Arboreomorpha, Bronicella, Chondroplon, Broccoliforma, Kimberellomorpha, Kuckaraukia, Evmiaksia, Convolutubus, Odontogriphidae, Yelovichnus, Goettingenia, Dorfopterus, Hadrynichorde, Silicea, Trichoplax, Parazoa, Silicispongea, Euradiculata, Megathrix, Cnidaria, Gephyrea, Spygoria, Tentaculitoidea, Erniettomorpha, Dictyorhabdus, Yunnanomedusa, Eumetazoa, Pentaradialomorpha, Oligoopilionus, Lidaconus, Scenellopsis, Eodiorygma, Macrocypris kayi, Persimedusites, Petalonamae, Gaojiashania, Proarticulata, Yangtziramulus, Porifera, Atalotaenia, Somatohelix, Protolyellia, Lomosovis, Subtilicyathus, Limacites, Bomakellia, Kinzeriidae, Problematica, Siphonoconcha, Palaeacmaea, Lazaichnus, Mesozoa, Chenmengella, Deuteronectanebos, Triradialomorpha, Xidazoon, Ventogyrus
Subtaxa: Kharakhtia Parvancorina Temnoxa
Distribution:
• Ediacaran of Australia (12 collections), Brazil (1), the Russian Federation (7)
• Vendian of the Russian Federation (1)
Total: 21 collections including 24 occurrences