Parent taxon: Metazoa according to J. Zrzavy et al. 1998
Sister taxa: Bilateria, Diploblastica, Homoblastica, Hyolithelminthida, Vertebrosa, Westgardia, Yelovichnus, Lazaichnus, Hadrynichorde, Goettingenia, Palaeacmaea, Chenmengella, Kinzeriidae, Deuteronectanebos, Xidazoon, Helanoichnus, Silicispongea, Euradiculata, Proarticulata, Spygoria, Hadryniscala, Tetraradialomorpha, Macrocypris kayi, Atalotaenia, Mesozoa, Broccoliforma, Lidaconus, Erniettomorpha, Arboreomorpha, Gephyrea, Convolutubus, Kimberellomorpha, Subtilicyathus, Scenellopsis, Parazoa, Problematica, Sentularia, Limacites, Pentaradialomorpha, Yangtziramulus, Yunnanomedusa, Eodiorygma, Khasaktidae, Odontogriphidae, Tomaculum, Trichoplax, Dictyorhabdus, Bronicella, Triradialomorpha, Porifera, Persimedusites, Oligoopilionus, Silicea, Chondroplon, Bomakellia, Cnidaria, Ventogyrus, Lomosovis, Kuckaraukia, Muricassis, Siphonoconcha, Dorfopterus, Eumetazoa, Somatohelix, Bilaterialomorpha, Evmiaksia, Protolyellia, Gaojiashania, Tentaculitoidea, Megathrix, Petalonamae
Subtaxa: Coelenterata