Parent taxon: Metazoa according to J. Zrzavy et al. 1998
Sister taxa: Bilateria, Diploblastica, Homoblastica, Hyolithelminthida, Vertebrosa, Westgardia, Kinzeriidae, Yangtziramulus, Bilaterialomorpha, Scenellopsis, Dictyorhabdus, Siphonoconcha, Lidaconus, Arboreomorpha, Hadrynichorde, Eumetazoa, Muricassis, Erniettomorpha, Macrocypris kayi, Subtilicyathus, Odontogriphidae, Eodiorygma, Protolyellia, Megathrix, Limacites, Euradiculata, Gaojiashania, Somatohelix, Tentaculitoidea, Agmata, Helanoichnus, Goettingenia, Spygoria, Lazaichnus, Kimberellomorpha, Ventogyrus, Xidazoon, Rhizostomites, Lomosovis, Persimedusites, Deuteronectanebos, Proarticulata, Bomakellia, Hadryniscala, Chenmengella, Broccoliforma, Parazoa, Bronicella, Kuckaraukia, Pentaradialomorpha, Yelovichnus, Silicispongea, Tetraradialomorpha, Petalonamae, Porifera, Cnidaria, Triradialomorpha, Evmiaksia, Sentularia, Gephyrea, Nectocarididae, Convolutubus, Mesozoa, Atalotaenia, Palaeacmaea, Trichoplax, Yunnanomedusa, Silicea, Chondroplon, Oligoopilionus, Problematica, Khasaktidae
Subtaxa: Coelenterata