Full reference: O. Butchili. 1910. Vorlesungen über vergleichende Anatomie 1-931
Parent taxon: Metazoa according to K.J. Peterson et al. 2005
See also Nielsen 2012 and Tsai and Fordyce 2015
Sister taxa: Bilateria, Diploblastica, Homoblastica, Hyolithelminthida, Vertebrosa, Westgardia, Evmiaksia, Limacites, Tetraradialomorpha, Atalotaenia, Sentularia, Helanoichnus, Lomosovis, Siphonoconcha, Agmata, Arboreomorpha, Eodiorygma, Scenellopsis, Bomakellia, Xidazoon, Convolutubus, Somatohelix, Yunnanomedusa, Yangtziramulus, Gephyrea, Dictyorhabdus, Bronicella, Trichoplax, Petalonamae, Goettingenia, Muricassis, Triradialomorpha, Pentaradialomorpha, Silicea, Tentaculitoidea, Spygoria, Palaeacmaea, Persimedusites, Bilaterialomorpha, Dorfopterus, Khasaktidae, Lidaconus, Protolyellia, Erniettomorpha, Chenmengella, Parazoa, Cnidaria, Problematica, Silicispongea, Ventogyrus, Broccoliforma, Kimberellomorpha, Macrocypris kayi, Mesozoa, Proarticulata, Porifera, Deuteronectanebos, Epitheliozoa, Yelovichnus, Kuckaraukia, Odontogriphidae, Oligoopilionus, Hadryniscala, Chondroplon, Lazaichnus, Megathrix, Euradiculata, Kinzeriidae, Subtilicyathus, Gaojiashania, Hadrynichorde
Subtaxa: Ausiidae Bilateralomorpha Eoandromeda Funisia Neuralia Placozoa Plexus Quaestio Rangeomorpha Shufangtubulus Tribrachiomorpha Triploblastica Wutubus