Parent taxon: Scleractinia according to R. Baron-Szabo 2006
See also Squires 1987 and Stanley 1986
Sister taxa: Adekoheastrea, Agathiphylliidae, Amphiastraeina, Anisocoenia, Annotocyathus, Anomopora, Antiguastrea, Antillophyllia, Apelismilia, Aplocyathus, Aplosmiliidae, Aquitanastraea, Archaeocoeniina, Archaeofungiina, Archaeolasmogyra, Archaeosmiliidae, Astraeoina, Aulastraeoporidae, Bavarosmilia, Budiopsis, Calameastolia, Carantophyllum, Carcicocaenia, Caryophylliina, Caulastrea, Chorisastraea, Cladocora, Clausastraeopsis, Clonosmilia, Coelomeandra, Comoseriidae, Coscinaraeidae, Cyclastraeidae, Cyclindrocyathus, Cylindrosmilia, Cynaria, Cyphastrea, Decaheliocoenia, Dendrophylliina, Desmocoenia, Dichotomosmilia, Dictuophyllia, Diploastraeidae, Diplogyra, Diplothecangia, Distichophylliina, Ebocotrochus, Eburneotrochus, Echinopora, Eckastraeidae, Edwardsastraea, Edwardsomeandra, Epitrochus, Etalloniopsis, Euphylliidae, Eupsammidae, Eusmiliopsis, Fasciatiphyllia, Fasciseris, Faviina, Favites, Favitopsis, Felixaraeoidea, Fungiina, Fungophyllia, Furcophyllia, Gallitellia, Gardineroseris, Gombertiphyllia, Goniastrea, Haplareidae, Hedeliastraea, Heliostylina, Helladophyllia, Heterocoeniina, Houchangocyathus, Hydnophora, Isastraeidae, Isphyllastrea, Karatchastraea, Kobycoenia, Lamellomeandra, Lepiconus, Leptastreidae, Leptoria, Liptodendron, Lithodendron, Lobophylliidae, Lupitschia, Mareastraea, Meandriina, Merulina, Microsolenina, Miophora, Mioscapophyllia, Misistelloidea, Montastraeidae, Morchellastraea, Mycedium, Ondadiplocteniopsis, Oulastreidae, Oulophyllia, Pachyphylliidae, Pachysmilia, Pachythecaliina, Palaeophyllia, Palaeoseris, Palaeosmilia, Paracoryphyllia, Parastraeomorpha, Parastraeopora, Parepismiliidae, Pectinia, Phacellocoenia, Phylloseriopsis, Phyllosmilioidea, Platygyra, Plavecia, Plerogyridae, Plesiastreidae, Pleuropodia, Procladocora, Psammocyathus, Pyramisasteria, Reisocyathus, Reussiphyllia, Rhabdofavia, Rhipidogyrina, Rhopalophyllia, Saeptiphyllia, Sakalavastraeopsis, Saltastraea, Sclydolithus, Siderocoenia, Siliningastraea, Sinasteria, Siniastraea, Smilostyliidae, Solenocoeniidae, Streptocyathopsis, Streptocyathus, Stylinina, Stylophyllina, Substuoresia, Tarbellastraea, Thamnasteria cycloides, Thamnasteria komagataensis, Thamnasteria maxima, Thamnasteria protoserioides, Thamnasteria rikuzenica, Thamnasteriidae, Thamnasterites, Thamnastraea, Thecoseriopsis, Thecosmiliidae, Thigmastrea, Trachyphyllia, Tropiastraea, Tropiastraeidae
Subtaxa: Acroporidae Actinastreidae Astrocoeniidae Pocilloporidae
Ecology: stationary intermediate-level epifaunal microcarnivore-photosymbiotic
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Antigua and Barbuda (1 collection), Australia (89), the Bahamas (20), Barbados (72), Belize (10), Bonaire (7), British Indian Ocean Territory (1), Cape Verde (5), Cayman Islands (25), Christmas Island (1), Cocos (Keeling) Islands (1), Colombia (25), Cook Islands (3), Costa Rica (64), Curaçao (58), Djibouti (2), Dominica (1), the Dominican Republic (16), Egypt (44), Eritrea (1), Fiji (1), French Polynesia (42), Guadeloupe (3), Guam (2), Haiti (14), India (7), Indonesia (15), Iran (2), Israel (1), Jamaica (10), Japan (74), Kenya (43), Kiribati (1), Madagascar (2), Malaysia (1), Maldives (3), the Marshall Islands (1), Mauritius (5), Mayotte (2), Mexico (36), Montserrat (1), New Caledonia (18), New Zealand (3), Niue (1), North Pacific (3), Northern Mariana Islands (1), Pakistan (4), Palau (4), Panama (39), Papua New Guinea (31), the Philippines (5), Pitcairn (3), Puerto Rico (1), Reunion (1), Saint Kitts and Nevis (2), Samoa (1), Saudi Arabia (15), the Seychelles (9), Somalia (1), South Pacific (7), Sri Lanka (2), Sudan (1), Taiwan (8), Turks and Caicos Islands (1), Tuvalu (1), United States (25: Florida, Hawaii, Texas), Vanuatu (13), Venezuela (2), Virgin Islands (3), Virgin Islands (12)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of the Bahamas (1), Costa Rica (8), Ecuador (1), Indonesia (10), Jamaica (1), the Philippines (1), Saudi Arabia (1), Taiwan (1), Timor-Leste (1), United States Minor Outlying Islands (1)
• Pliocene of the Bahamas (13), Costa Rica (21), Curaçao (18), the Dominican Republic (17), French Polynesia (1), Haiti (4), Indonesia (30), Italy (1), Jamaica (2), Japan (3), Malaysia (3), Niue (1), Papua New Guinea (1), United States (4: Florida, Hawaii)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Aruba (2), Bonaire (1), Curaçao (2), the Dominican Republic (3), Indonesia (10), Malaysia (2), South Pacific (1), United States (1: Puerto Rico)
• Miocene of Algeria (1), Angola (1), Anguilla (4), Australia (2), Austria (1), the Bahamas (5), Brazil (2), Bulgaria (1), Colombia (18), Cuba (4), Curaçao (1), Cyprus (3), the Dominican Republic (19), Egypt (7), Fiji (4), France (23), Germany (1), Grenada (8), Haiti (3), Hungary (3), India (1), Indonesia (80), Iran (10), Israel (1), Italy (5), Jamaica (1), Japan (3), Libya (1), Madagascar (2), Malaysia (3), the Marshall Islands (11), Mexico (5), Morocco (1), New Zealand (5), Northern Mariana Islands (1), Pakistan (2), Panama (32), Papua New Guinea (5), Poland (2), Portugal (3), Puerto Rico (2), Romania (1), Sao Tome and Principe (1), Somalia (12), Spain (4), Tanzania (1), Trinidad and Tobago (7), Türkiye (1), United States (4: Florida, Maryland), United States Minor Outlying Islands (2), Venezuela (2)
• Oligocene to Miocene of Christmas Island (3), Iran (1), United States (2: Florida)
• Oligocene of Antigua and Barbuda (15), Costa Rica (1), Cuba (1), the Dominican Republic (5), France (5), Greece (5), India (2), Indonesia (2), Iran (2), Italy (66), Jamaica (2), Libya (3), Malaysia (2), Malta (30), Mexico (2), Panama (2), Peru (1), Puerto Rico (4), Slovenia (7), Somalia (6), Spain (5), Türkiye (4), United States (3: Florida, Georgia, Oregon), Venezuela (5)
• Eocene to Miocene of the Marshall Islands (3)
• Eocene to Oligocene of Greece (1), United States (1: Florida)
• Eocene of Austria (1), Barbados (1), Bosnia and Herzegovina (3), China (1), Croatia (6), Cuba (1), Czechia (4), France (12), Germany (2), Haiti (2), Hungary (8), India (1), Indonesia (2), Italy (9), Jamaica (7), Japan (1), the Marshall Islands (3), Mexico (5), New Zealand (1), Nicaragua (1), North Pacific (5), Pakistan (2), Panama (5), Papua New Guinea (1), Peru (3), Romania (1), Saint Barthélemy (1), Slovakia (1), Slovenia (3), Somalia (7), Spain (11), Ukraine (1), the United Kingdom (4), United States (23: Alabama, California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, Washington)
• Paleocene to Eocene of Slovakia (1)
• Paleocene of China (2), Egypt (3), France (1), India (1), Iran (4), Italy (2), the Netherlands (1), Nigeria (1), Pakistan (2), Puerto Rico (1), Slovakia (4), Slovenia (7), Somalia (1), Spain (1), Ukraine (1), United States (13: Alabama, California, Louisiana)
• Cretaceous of Austria (8), Azerbaijan (2), Bulgaria (9), Chile (2), China (9), Croatia (1), Cuba (1), Czechia (10), France (14), Georgia (11), Germany (9), Greece (6), Hungary (1), Iran (5), Italy (1), Jamaica (11), Libya (1), Madagascar (4), Mexico (18), the Netherlands (7), Oman (4), Peru (1), Poland (6), Portugal (2), Romania (2), Saudi Arabia (2), Senegal (1), Serbia (6), Slovakia (1), Slovenia (2), Somalia (1), Spain (16), Switzerland (9), Tanzania (9), Turkmenistan (6), Türkiye (1), Ukraine (3), the United Arab Emirates (5), the United Kingdom (1), United States (14: Arizona, Kansas, Texas), Uzbekistan (1), Venezuela (3)
• Jurassic to Cretaceous of Japan (2)
• Jurassic of Afghanistan (1), Argentina (5), Austria (2), Azerbaijan (5), Canada (2: British Columbia), Chile (13), China (2), Colombia (1), Czechia (6), Ethiopia (21), France (38), Georgia (5), Germany (11), Greece (1), Greenland (1), India (2), Indonesia (1), Iran (6), Japan (3), Lebanon (1), Madagascar (3), Mexico (3), Morocco (8), Myanmar (1), North Atlantic (2), Peru (1), Poland (5), Portugal (33), Romania (6), the Russian Federation (5), Saudi Arabia (8), Slovakia (4), Slovenia (4), Somalia (1), Spain (5), Switzerland (4), Tajikistan (5), Tanzania (3), Thailand (1), Tunisia (5), Turkmenistan (1), the United Kingdom (7), United States (3: California, Idaho, Oregon), Uzbekistan (2)
• Triassic of Austria (7), Canada (6: British Columbia, Yukon), Chile (1), Germany (1), Indian Ocean (1), Iran (3), Italy (15), Mexico (5), Peru (3), Slovakia (2), Slovenia (1), Tajikistan (6), United States (6: Alaska, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon)
Total: 2326 collections including 5251 occurrences