Parent taxon: Scleractinia according to R. Baron-Szabo 2006
See also Squires 1987 and Stanley 1986
Sister taxa: Adekoheastrea, Agathiphylliidae, Amphiastraeina, Annotocyathus, Anomopora, Apelismilia, Aplocyathus, Aplosmiliidae, Archaeocoeniina, Archaeofungiina, Archaeolasmogyra, Archaeosmiliidae, Astraeoina, Aulastraeoporidae, Bavarosmilia, Budiopsis, Calameastolia, Carantophyllum, Carcicocaenia, Caryophylliina, Chorisastraea, Clausastraeopsis, Clonosmilia, Coelomeandra, Comoseriidae, Coscinaraeidae, Cyclastraeidae, Cyclindrocyathus, Cylindrosmilia, Cynaria, Decaheliocoenia, Dendrophylliina, Desmocoenia, Dichotomosmilia, Diploastraeidae, Diplothecangia, Distichophylliina, Ebocotrochus, Eburneotrochus, Eckastraeidae, Edwardsomeandra, Epitrochus, Etalloniopsis, Euphylliidae, Eupsammidae, Eusmiliopsis, Fasciatiphyllia, Fasciseris, Faviina, Favitopsis, Felixaraeoidea, Fungiina, Furcophyllia, Gallitellia, Gardineroseris, Gombertiphyllia, Haplareidae, Hedeliastraea, Heliostylina, Helladophyllia, Heterocoeniina, Houchangocyathus, Isastraeidae, Isphyllastrea, Karatchastraea, Kobycoenia, Lamellomeandra, Lepiconus, Leptastreidae, Lithodendron, Lobophylliidae, Lupitschia, Mareastraea, Meandriina, Microsolenina, Miophora, Mioscapophyllia, Misistelloidea, Montastraeidae, Morchellastraea, Ondadiplocteniopsis, Oulastreidae, Pachyphylliidae, Pachysmilia, Pachythecaliina, Palaeophyllia, Palaeoseris, Palaeosmilia, Paracoryphyllia, Parastraeomorpha, Parastraeopora, Parepismiliidae, Phylloseriopsis, Phyllosmilioidea, Plerogyridae, Plesiastreidae, Pleuropodia, Psammocyathus, Pyramisasteria, Reisocyathus, Reussiphyllia, Rhabdofavia, Rhipidogyrina, Rhopalophyllia, Saeptiphyllia, Sakalavastraeopsis, Saltastraea, Sclydolithus, Siderocoenia, Siliningastraea, Sinasteria, Siniastraea, Smilostyliidae, Solenocoeniidae, Streptocyathopsis, Streptocyathus, Stylinina, Stylophyllina, Substuoresia, Thamnasteria cycloides, Thamnasteria komagataensis, Thamnasteria maxima, Thamnasteria protoserioides, Thamnasteria rikuzenica, Thamnasteriidae, Thamnasterites, Thamnastraea, Thecoseriopsis, Thecosmiliidae, Thigmastrea, Trachyphylliidae, Tropiastraea, Tropiastraeidae
Subtaxa: Acroporidae Actinastreidae Astrocoeniidae Pocilloporidae
Ecology: stationary intermediate-level epifaunal microcarnivore-photosymbiotic
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Antigua and Barbuda (1 collection), Australia (96), the Bahamas (20), Barbados (72), Belize (10), British Indian Ocean Territory (1), Cayman Islands (25), China (3), Christmas Island (1), Cocos (Keeling) Islands (1), Colombia (25), Cook Islands (3), Costa Rica (64), Djibouti (2), Dominica (1), the Dominican Republic (16), Egypt (44), Eritrea (1), Fiji (1), French Polynesia (42), Guadeloupe (3), Guam (2), Haiti (14), India (7), Indonesia (15), Iran (2), Israel (1), Jamaica (10), Japan (74), Kenya (43), Kiribati (1), Madagascar (2), Malaysia (1), Maldives (3), the Marshall Islands (1), Mauritius (5), Mayotte (2), Mexico (36), Montserrat (1), the Netherlands Antilles (65), New Caledonia (18), New Zealand (3), Niue (1), Northern Mariana Islands (1), Pakistan (4), Palau (4), Panama (39), Papua New Guinea (31), the Philippines (5), Pitcairn (3), Puerto Rico (1), Reunion (1), Saint Kitts and Nevis (2), Samoa (1), Saudi Arabia (15), the Seychelles (9), Somalia (1), Sri Lanka (2), Sudan (1), Taiwan (8), Turks and Caicos Islands (1), Tuvalu (1), United States (25: Florida, Hawaii, Texas), Vanuatu (13), Venezuela (2), Virgin Islands (3), Virgin Islands (12)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of the Bahamas (1), Costa Rica (8), Ecuador (1), Indonesia (10), Jamaica (1), the Philippines (1), Saudi Arabia (1), Taiwan (1), Timor-Leste (1), United States Minor Outlying Islands (1)
• Pliocene of the Bahamas (13), Costa Rica (21), the Dominican Republic (17), French Polynesia (1), Haiti (4), Indonesia (30), Italy (1), Jamaica (2), Japan (3), Malaysia (3), the Netherlands Antilles (18), Niue (1), Papua New Guinea (1), United States (4: Florida, Hawaii)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Aruba (2), Chile (1), the Dominican Republic (3), Indonesia (10), Malaysia (2), the Netherlands Antilles (3), United States (1: Puerto Rico)
• Miocene of Algeria (1), Angola (1), Anguilla (4), Australia (2), Austria (1), the Bahamas (5), Brazil (2), Bulgaria (1), Colombia (18), Cuba (4), Cyprus (3), the Dominican Republic (19), Egypt (7), Fiji (4), France (23), Germany (1), Grenada (8), Haiti (3), Hungary (3), India (1), Indonesia (79), Iran (10), Israel (1), Italy (5), Jamaica (1), Japan (3), Libya (1), Madagascar (2), Malaysia (3), the Marshall Islands (11), Mexico (5), Morocco (1), the Netherlands Antilles (2), New Zealand (5), Northern Mariana Islands (1), Pakistan (2), Panama (32), Papua New Guinea (5), Poland (2), Portugal (3), Puerto Rico (2), Romania (1), Somalia (12), Spain (4), Tanzania (1), Trinidad and Tobago (7), Türkiye (1), United States (4: Florida, Maryland), United States Minor Outlying Islands (2), Venezuela (2)
• Oligocene to Miocene of Christmas Island (3), United States (2: Florida)
• Oligocene of Antigua and Barbuda (15), Costa Rica (1), Cuba (1), the Dominican Republic (3), France (5), Greece (5), Haiti (2), India (2), Indonesia (2), Iran (2), Italy (66), Jamaica (2), Libya (3), Malaysia (2), Malta (26), Mexico (2), Panama (2), Peru (1), Puerto Rico (4), Slovenia (7), Somalia (6), Spain (5), Türkiye (4), United States (3: Florida, Georgia, Oregon), Venezuela (5)
• Eocene to Miocene of the Marshall Islands (3)
• Eocene to Oligocene of Greece (1), United States (1: Florida)
• Eocene of Austria (1), Barbados (1), Bosnia and Herzegovina (3), China (1), Croatia (6), Cuba (1), Czechia (4), France (12), Germany (2), Haiti (2), Hungary (8), India (1), Indonesia (2), Italy (9), Jamaica (7), Japan (1), the Marshall Islands (3), Mexico (5), New Zealand (1), Nicaragua (1), North Atlantic (1), Pakistan (2), Panama (5), Papua New Guinea (1), Peru (3), Romania (1), Slovakia (1), Slovenia (3), Somalia (7), Spain (11), Ukraine (1), the United Kingdom (4), United States (23: Alabama, California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, Washington)
• Paleocene to Eocene of Slovakia (1)
• Paleocene of China (2), Egypt (3), France (1), India (1), Iran (4), Italy (2), the Netherlands (1), Nigeria (1), Pakistan (2), Puerto Rico (1), Slovakia (4), Slovenia (7), Somalia (1), Spain (1), Ukraine (1), United States (13: Alabama, California, Louisiana)
• Cretaceous of Austria (12), Azerbaijan (2), Bulgaria (9), Chile (2), China (9), Croatia (1), Cuba (1), Czechia (10), France (13), Georgia (11), Germany (9), Greece (6), Hungary (1), Iran (5), Italy (1), Jamaica (11), Libya (1), Madagascar (4), Mexico (18), the Netherlands (7), Oman (4), Peru (1), Poland (6), Portugal (2), Romania (2), Saudi Arabia (2), Senegal (1), Serbia (6), Slovakia (1), Slovenia (2), Somalia (1), Spain (16), Switzerland (6), Tanzania (9), Turkmenistan (6), Türkiye (1), Ukraine (3), the United Arab Emirates (5), the United Kingdom (1), United States (14: Arizona, Kansas, Texas), Uzbekistan (1), Venezuela (3)
• Jurassic to Cretaceous of Japan (2)
• Jurassic of Afghanistan (1), Argentina (5), Austria (2), Azerbaijan (5), Canada (4: British Columbia, Nova Scotia), Chile (13), China (2), Colombia (1), Czechia (6), Ethiopia (21), France (38), Georgia (5), Germany (11), Greece (1), Greenland (1), India (2), Indonesia (1), Iran (6), Japan (3), Lebanon (1), Madagascar (3), Mexico (3), Morocco (8), Myanmar (1), Peru (1), Poland (5), Portugal (33), Romania (6), the Russian Federation (5), Saudi Arabia (8), Slovakia (4), Slovenia (4), Somalia (1), Spain (5), Switzerland (4), Tajikistan (5), Tanzania (3), Thailand (1), Tunisia (5), Turkmenistan (1), the United Kingdom (7), United States (3: California, Idaho, Oregon), Uzbekistan (2)
• Triassic of Australia (1), Austria (7), Canada (6: British Columbia, Yukon), Chile (1), Germany (1), Iran (3), Italy (15), Mexico (5), Peru (3), Slovakia (2), Slovenia (1), Tajikistan (6), United States (6: Alaska, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon)
Total: 2310 collections including 5225 occurrences