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Maniraptoriformes

Osteichthyes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1995Maniraptoriformes Holtz, Jr. p. 35A
1995Maniraptoriformes Holtz, Jr. and Padian p. 35A
1996Maniraptoriformes Dal Sasso and Signore p. 386
1996Maniraptoriformes Holtz, Jr. p. 42A
1997Maniraptoriformes Currie p. 733
1998Maniraptoriformes Holtz, Jr. p. 40
1998Maniraptoriformes Sereno p. 65
1999Maniraptoriformes Sereno p. 2139 fig. 2
2000Maniraptoriformes Holtz, Jr. pp. 26-27 fig. 5
2001Maniraptoriformes Hutt et al. p. 229
2004Maniraptoriformes Senter et al. p. 2 fig. 2
2007Maniraptoriformes Senter p. 437
2014Maniraptoriformes Hendrickx and Mateus

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
RankNameAuthor
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Saurischia()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptoriformes
—Maniraptoriformes

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Maniraptoriformes Holtz, Jr. and Padian 1995
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Unr. †Arctometatarsalia Holtz 1994
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Infraor. †Ornithomimosauria Barsbold 1976 [ornithomimosaur]
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G. †Afromimus Sereno 2017
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†Afromimus tenerensis Sereno 2017
G. †Arkansaurus Hunt and Quinn 2018
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†Arkansaurus fridayi Hunt and Quinn 2018
G. †Aviatyrannis Rauhut 2003
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†Aviatyrannis jurassica Rauhut 2003
G. †Beishanlong Makovicky et al. 2010
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†Beishanlong grandis Makovicky et al. 2010
Fm. †Deinocheiridae Kielan-Jaworowska 1969
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G. †Deinocheirus Kielan-Jaworowska 1969
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†Deinocheirus mirificus Kielan-Jaworowska 1969
G. †Garudimimus Barsbold 1981 [Garudi mimic]
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†Garudimimus brevipes Barsbold 1981
G. †Harpymimus Barsbold and Perle 1984
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†Harpymimus okladnikovi Barsbold and Perle 1984
G. †Paraxenisaurus Serrano-Brañas et al. 2020
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†Paraxenisaurus normalensis Serrano-Brañas et al. 2020
G. †Tyrannomimus Hattori et al. 2023
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†Tyrannomimus fukuiensis Hattori et al. 2023
G. †Hexing Jin et al. 2012
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†Hexing qingyi Jin et al. 2012
G. †Kinnareemimus Buffetaut et al. 2009
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†Kinnareemimus khonkaenensis Buffetaut et al. 2009
Fm. †Nqwebasauridae Alifanov and Saveliev 2015
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G. †Lepidocheirosaurus Alifanov and Saveliev 2015
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†Lepidocheirosaurus natatilis Alifanov and Saveliev 2015
G. †Nqwebasaurus de Klerk et al. 2000
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†Nqwebasaurus thwazi de Klerk et al. 2000
Fm. †Ornithomimidae Marsh 1890 [ornithomimid]
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G. †Aepyornithomimus Chinzorig et al. 2017
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†Aepyornithomimus tugrikinensis Chinzorig et al. 2017
G. †Anserimimus Barsbold 1988
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†Anserimimus planinychus Barsbold 1988
G. †Archaeornithomimus Russell 1972
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G. †Dromiceiomimus Russell 1972
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G. †Gallimimus Osmólska et al. 1972
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†Gallimimus bullatus Osmólska et al. 1972
G. †Ornithomimidorum Huene 1926
G. †Ornithomimus Marsh 1890
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†Ornithomimus edmontonicus Sternberg 1933
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Invalid names: Struthiomimus currellii Parks 1933 [synonym], Struthiomimus ingens Parks 1933 [synonym], Struthiomimus samueli Parks 1928 [synonym]
†Ornithomimus minutus Marsh 1892
†Ornithomimus tenuis Marsh 1890
†Ornithomimus velox Marsh 1890
Invalid names: Ornithomimus sedens Marsh 1892 [nomen dubium]
G. †Qiupalong Xu et al. 2011
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†Qiupalong henanensis Xu et al. 2011
G. †Rativates McFeeters et al. 2016
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†Rativates evadens McFeeters et al. 2016
G. †Sinornithomimus Kobayashi and Lü 2003
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†Sinornithomimus dongi Kobayashi and Lü 2003
G. †Struthiomimus Osborn 1916
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†Struthiomimus altus Lambe 1902
G. †Tototlmimus Serrano-Brañas et al. 2016
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†Tototlmimus packardensis Serrano-Brañas et al. 2016
Invalid names: Deinocheirinae Paul 1988 [empty], Garudimiminae Paul 1988 [empty], Ornithomiminae Nopcsa 1923 [empty]
G. †Pelecanimimus Pérez-Moreno et al. 1994
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†Pelecanimimus polyodon Pérez-Moreno et al. 1994
G. †Shenzhousaurus Ji et al. 2003
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†Shenzhousaurus orientalis Ji et al. 2003
Invalid names: Coelosaurus Leidy 1865 [nomen dubium], Garudimimidae Barsbold 1981 [empty], Harpymimidae Barsbold and Perle 1984 [empty], Ornithomimoidea Sereno 1999 [empty], Pelecanimimidae Alifanov 2012 [empty], Thecocoelurus Huene 1923 [nomen dubium], Valdoraptor Olshevsky 1991 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Bullatosauria Holtz [empty]
Unr. †Therizinosauria Russell 1997
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G. †Erlikosaurus Barsbold and Perle 1980
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†Erlikosaurus andrewsi Barsbold and Perle 1980
G. †Falcarius Kirkland et al. 2005
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†Falcarius utahensis Kirkland et al. 2005
G. †Fukuivenator Azuma et al. 2016
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†Fukuivenator paradoxus Azuma et al. 2016
G. †Jianchangosaurus Pu et al. 2013
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†Jianchangosaurus yixianensis Pu et al. 2013
G. †Lingyuanosaurus Yao et al. 2019
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†Lingyuanosaurus sihedangensis Yao et al. 2019
Superfm. †Therizinosauroidea Russell and Dong 1994
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G. †Alxasaurus Russell and Dong 1994
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†Alxasaurus elesitaiensis Russell and Dong 1994
G. †Beipiaosaurus Xu et al. 1999
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†Beipiaosaurus inexpectus Xu et al. 1999
Fm. †Dendroolithidae Zhao and Li 1988
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G. †Placoolithus Zhao 1979
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†Placoolithus taohensis Zhao and Zhao 1998
†Placoolithus tumiaolingensis Zhou et al. 1998
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Invalid names: Dendroolithus hongzhaiziensis Zhou et al. 1998 [synonym], Paradendroolithus qinglongshanensis Zhou et al. 1998 [synonym]
Invalid names: Paradendroolithus Zhou and Ren [synonym]
G. †Martharaptor Senter et al. 2012
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†Martharaptor greenriverensis Senter et al. 2012
Fm. †Therizinosauridae Maleev 1954
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G. †Duonychus Kobayashi et al. 2025
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†Duonychus tsogtbaatari Kobayashi et al. 2025
G. †Enigmosaurus Barsbold and Perle 1983 [enigmatic lizard]
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†Enigmosaurus mongoliensis Barsbold and Perle 1983
G. †Erliansaurus Xu et al. 2002
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†Erliansaurus bellamanus Xu et al. 2002
G. †Eshanosaurus Xu et al. 2001
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†Eshanosaurus deguchiianus Xu et al. 2001
G. †Nanshiungosaurus Dong 1979
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†Nanshiungosaurus bohlini Dong and Yu 1997
G. †Neimongosaurus Zhang et al. 2001
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†Neimongosaurus yangi Zhang et al. 2001
G. †Nothronychus Kirkland and Wolfe 2001
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†Nothronychus graffami Zanno et al. 2009
†Nothronychus mckinleyi Kirkland and Wolfe 2001
G. †Paralitherizinosaurus Kobayashi et al. 2022
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†Paralitherizinosaurus japonicus Kobayashi et al. 2022
G. †Segnosaurus Perle 1979
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G. †Suzhousaurus Li et al. 2007 [Suzhou lizard]
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†Suzhousaurus megatherioides Li et al. 2007
G. †Therizinosaurus Maleev 1954
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G. †Tiantaisaurus Qian et al. 2012
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†Tiantaisaurus sifengensis Qian et al. 2012
Invalid names: Enigmosauridae Barsbold and Perle 1983 [synonym], Erlikosauridae Eberth et al. 2001 [synonym], Nanshiungosauridae Dong and Yu 1997 [synonym], Segnosauridae Perle 1979 [synonym]
Invalid names: Alxasauridae Russell and Dong 1994 [empty], Segnosauria Barsbold and Perle 1980 [synonym], Segnosaurischia Dong 1992 [synonym]
Invalid names: Tyrannoraptora Sereno 1998 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Maximum body mass: 10000 kgg
Minimum body mass: 10 kgg
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: ground dwellingo
Diet: carnivoresubo
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2009-01-03 20:39:15
Modified: 2009-01-03 22:39:15
Source: g = genus, subo = suborder, o = order
References: Kiessling 2004, Marsh 1875, Peczkis 1995, Benton 1983

Age range: base of the Hettangian to the top of the Lancian or 201.40000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (363 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Hettangian201.4 - 199.5China (Yunnan) Therizinosauroidea indet. (51909)
Late/Upper Bathonian168.2 - 165.3Russian Federation (Zabaykal'ye) Lepidocheirosaurus natatilis (159014)
Kimmeridgian154.8 - 149.2Portugal (Centro) Stokesosaurus sp., Tyrannosauridae indet. (24563)
Kimmeridgian - Tithonian154.8 - 143.1Spain (Aragón) Coelurosauria indet. (58764)
Tithonian149.2 - 143.1France (Nord-Pas-de-Calais) Megalosaurus oweni (53967)
Late/Upper Tithonian - Early/Lower Berriasian145.06 - 141.0Morocco (Figuig) Maniraptoriformes indet. (204990)
Late/Upper Tithonian - Early/Lower Berriasian145.06 - 141.0Morocco (Oriental) Coelurosauria indet. (45726)
Berriasian143.1 - 137.05France (Poitou-Charentes) Ornithomimosauria indet. (142093)
Berriasian - Valanginian143.1 - 132.6South Africa (Eastern Cape) Nqwebasaurus thwazi (51903)
Berriasian - Valanginian143.1 - 132.6USA (Utah) Therizinosauroidea indet. (50052)

Youngest occurrences
Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Colorado) Ornithomimus velox (49000 49528 49550 49554)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Bolivia (Potosí) Maniraptoriformes indet. (219437)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Maryland) Coelosaurus sp. (27568) Ornithomimidae indet. (83331) Ornithomimus antiquus (27562 27564 27566)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Bolivia (Cochabamba) Maniraptoriformes indet. (219491)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Montana) Ornithomimus sp. (142493)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Canada (Alberta) Ornithomimus sp. (46095)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0China (Guangdong) Nanshiungosaurus brevispinus (58448)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Mongolia (Omnogov) Anserimimus planinychus (52008 180786) Dendroolithidae indet., Ornithomimidae indet. (127674) Dinosauria indet. (168111) Gallimimus sp. (126780 127671 127673 127679 168810) Gallimimus sp., Dendroolithidae indet. (55258 127681) Gallimimus sp., Dendroolithidae indet., Ornithomimidae indet. (55257) Gallimimus sp., Dendroolithus sp. (130800) Gallimimus sp., Ornithomimidae indet. (127670) Megalosauridae indet. (38695) Ornithomimidae indet. (37003 37020 38704 127675 180472 180474 180475 180679 180683 180701 180707 180709 180784 180785 180811) Ornithomimidae indet., Dendroolithidae indet. (108344 168988) Ornithomimidae indet., Gallimimus sp. (229067) Therizinosaurus cheloniformis (88554 179625)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Ornithomimus sedens (225940)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Mongolia (Bayankhongor) Ornithomimidae indet., Therizinosauria indet. (91909)