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Holostei

Actinopteri

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1846Holostei Müller
1898Holostei Gadow p. 8
1902Holostei Hay p. 374
1911Holostea Jaekel p. 73
1946Holostei Rapp p. 511
1960Holostei Gardiner p. 241
1961Chilingosaurus chingshankouensis Young p. 119 figs. Pl. 1:2
1963Holostei Jordan p. 615
1981Holostei Thurmond and Jones p. 82
1986Chilingosaurus chinghankouensis Su p. 32
1987Holostei Kumar and Loyal p. 68
1988Holostei Case and Schwimmer p. 297
1989Holostei Bryant p. 22
1991Holostei Normark et al. p. 829
2004Holostei Martinelli and Forasiepi p. 260
2006Holostei Nelson
2007Holostei Cavin et al.
2010Holostei Friedman et al. p. S31
2012Holostei Xu and Wu p. 112
2013Holostei Betancur et al.
2016Holostei Nelson et al. p. 121
2024Holostei Ebersole et al. p. 13

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
RankNameAuthor
—Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
subclassNeopterygii(Regan 1923)
infraclassHolostei(Müller 1846)
infraclassHolostei(Müller 1846)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Infracl. Holostei Müller 1846
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Or. Amiiformes Hay 1929 [bowfin]
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G. †Ainia Jordan 1918
Fm. Amiidae Huxley 1861
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G. Amia Linnaeus 1766 [bowfin]
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Amia calva Linnaeus 1766 [bowfin]
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Invalid names: Amia reticulata Lesuer 1846 [synonym]
†Amia fragosa Jordan 1927
†Amia hesperia Wilson 1982
†Amia pattersoni Grande and Bemis 1998
†Amia scutata Cope 1875
+
Invalid names: Amia dictyocephala Cope 1875 [synonym]
†Amia uintaensis Leidy 1873
Invalid names: Amia robusta Priem 1901 [nomen dubium], Amiatus Rafinesque 1815 [synonym]
Subfm. Amiinae Bonaparte 1837
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G. †Cyclurus Agassiz 1839
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†Cyclurus efremovi Sytchevskaya 1981
†Cyclurus fragosus Jordan 1927
†Cyclurus gurleyi Russell and Fryxell 1928
†Cyclurus ignotus Blainville 1818
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Invalid names: Amia laticaudata Agassiz 1843 [synonym], Amia munieri Priem 1911 [synonym]
†Cyclurus kehreri Andreae 1893
†Cyclurus macrocephalus Reuss 1844
†Cyclurus minor Agassiz 1839
†Cyclurus oligocenicus Winkler 1880
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Invalid names: Notaeus longirostratus Winkler 1880 [synonym]
†Cyclurus valenciennesi Agassiz 1839
Invalid names: Amia chinzhalensis Sytchevskaya 1986 [nomen dubium], Amia russelli Janot 1966 [nomen dubium], Kindleia Jordan 1927 [synonym], Paramiatus Romer and Fryxell 1928 [synonym], Stylomyleodon Russell 1928 [synonym], Stylomyleodon lacus Russell 1928 [nomen dubium]
G. †Pseudamiatus Whitley
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†Pseudamiatus heintzi Lehman 1951
Invalid names: Amia (Protamia) gracilis Leidy 1873 [nomen dubium], Amia (Protamia) media Leidy 1873 [nomen dubium], Amia (Protamia) uintaensis Leidy 1873 [nomen dubium], Amia anglica Newton 1899 [nomen dubium], Amia colenutti Newton 1899 [nomen dubium], Amia depressus Marsh 1871 [nomen dubium], Amia eocena Owen 1884 [nomen dubium], Amia exilis Lambe 1908 [nomen dubium], Amia furiosa Sytchevskaya 1986 [nomen dubium], Amia lemoinei Leriche 1900 [nomen dubium], Amia limosa Nessov 1985 [nomen dubium], Amia macrospondyla Cope 1891 [nomen dubium], Amia morini Priem 1911 [nomen dubium], Amia newberrianus Marsh 1871 [nomen dubium], Amia semimarina Nessov 1985 [nomen dubium], Amia strigasa Sytchevskaya 1986 [nomen dubium], Amia whiteavesiana Cope 1891 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys barroisi Leriche 1900 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys corsonii Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys laevis Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys mongoliensis Hussakof 1932 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys plicatus Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys sclerops Cope 1873 [nomen dubium], Pappichthys symphysis Cope 1873 [nomen dubium]
Subfm. †Amiopsinae Grande and Bemis 1998
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G. †Amiopsis Kner 1863
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†Amiopsis damoni Egerton 1858
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Invalid names: Megalurus austeni Egerton 1858 [synonym]
†Amiopsis dolloi Traquair 1911
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Invalid names: Amiopsis lata Traquair 1911 [synonym]
†Amiopsis lepidota Agassiz 1833
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Invalid names: Megalurus brevicostatus Agassiz 1834 [synonym], Megalurus grandis Wagner 1863 [synonym]
†Amiopsis prisca Kner 1863
†Amiopsis woodwardi Sauvage 1903
Invalid names: Urocles Jordan 1918 [synonym]
G. †Guizhouamia Liu et al. 2002
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†Guizhouamia bellula Liu et al. 2002
G. †Lehmanamia Casier 1966
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†Lehmanamia sheppeyensis Casier 1966
G. †Liodesmus Wagner 1859
G. †Nipponamia Yabumoto 1994
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†Nipponamia satoi Yabumoto 1994
G. †Protamia Leidy 1873
Subfm. †Solnhofenamiinae Grande and Bemis 1998
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G. †Solnhofenamia Grande and Bemis 1998
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†Solnhofenamia elongata Agassiz 1839
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Invalid names: Urocles altivelis Wagner 1863 [synonym], Urocles elegantissimus Wagner 1863 [synonym], Urocles polyspondylus Wagner 1851 [synonym]
Subfm. †Vidalamiinae Grande and Bemis 1998
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Tr. †Calamopleurini Grande and Bemis 1998
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G. †Calamopleurus Agassiz 1843
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Invalid names: Enneles Jordan and Branner 1908 [synonym]
G. †Maliamia Patterson and Longbottom 1989
G. †Melvius Bryant 1988
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†Melvius chauliodous Hall and Wolberg 1989
†Melvius thomasi Bryant 1988
Tr. †Vidalamiini Grande and Bemis 1998
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G. †Pachyamia Chalifa and Tchernov 1982
G. †Vidalamia White and Moy-Thomas 1941
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Invalid names: Vidalia Sauvage 1903 [replaced]
Invalid names: Amiatidae Jordan 1923 [synonym], Paleamia Jonet 1981 [nomen dubium]
Superfm. †Amioidea Bonaparte 1838
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Fm. †Paracentrophoridae Obruchev 1964
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G. †Paracentrophorus Piveteau 1941
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Fm. †Promecosominidae Wade 1941
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G. †Promecosomina Wade 1935
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G. †Tomognathus Agassiz 1850
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†Tomognathus leiodus Dixon 1850
†Tomognathus mordax Dixon 1850
Subor. Amioidei
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Invalid names: Liodesmidae [empty]
Superfm. †Caturoidea Owen 1860
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G. †Gymnoichthys Tintori et al. 2010
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†Gymnoichthys inopinatus Tintori et al. 2010
G. †Eusemius Vetter 1881
G. †Ionoscopus Costa 1853
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†Ionoscopus petrarojae Costa 1853
G. †Otomitla Felix 1891
Fm. †Palaeolabridae Estes 1969
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G. †Palaeolabrus Casier 1967
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Fm. Caturidae Owen 1860
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G. †Caturus Agassiz 1834
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†Caturus agassizi Egerton 1858
†Caturus angustus Agassiz 1843
†Caturus branchiostegus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus bucklandi Agassiz 1843
†Caturus chaperi Sauvage 1883
†Caturus chirotes Agassiz 1842
†Caturus dartoni Eastman 1899
†Caturus elongatus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus ferox Agassiz 1844
†Caturus furcatus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus heterurus Agassiz 1839
†Caturus latipennis Agassiz 1843
†Caturus latus Muenster 1834
†Caturus macrodus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus macrurus Agassiz 1843
†Caturus maximus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus meyeri Agassiz 1843
†Caturus microchirus Agassiz 1834
†Caturus nuchalis Agassiz 1833
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Invalid names: Pachycormus furcatus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
†Caturus pachyurus Agassiz 1843
†Caturus pleiodus Agassiz 1843
†Caturus porteri Rayner 1948
†Caturus retrodorsalis Sauvage 1891
†Caturus similis Agassiz 1837
†Caturus stenospondylus Sauvage 1875
†Caturus stenoura Sauvage 1875
Invalid names: Conodus Agassiz 1843 [synonym], Ditaxiodus Owen 1866 [synonym], Endactis Egerton 1858 [synonym], Strobilodus Wagner 1851 [synonym], Thlattodus Owen 1866 [synonym], Uraeus Agassiz 1832 [replaced]
G. †Kahamachli Malkani 2019
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†Kahamachli harrandlundi Malkani 2019
Fm. †Dapediidae Cope 1877
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G. †Dandya White and Moy-Thomas 1941
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†Dandya ovalis Gorjanovic-Kramberger 1905
G. †Dapedium Leach 1822
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†Dapedium angulifer Agassiz 1835
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Invalid names: Tetragonolepis traillii Agassiz 1832 [synonym]
†Dapedium ballei Maxwell and López-Arbarello 2018
†Dapedium caelatum Quenstedt 1858
†Dapedium colei Agassiz 1835
†Dapedium dorsalis Agassiz 1835
†Dapedium granulatum Agassiz 1835
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Invalid names: Dapedius cycloides Deecke 1888 [synonym]
†Dapedium magnevillei Agassiz 1833
†Dapedium milloti Sauvage 1891
†Dapedium noricum Tintori 1983
†Dapedium orbis Agassiz 1836
†Dapedium pholidotum Agassiz 1832
†Dapedium politum Leach 1822
†Dapedium punctatum Agassiz 1835
†Dapedium radiatum Agassiz 1836
†Dapedium stollorum Thies and Hauff 2011
†Dapedius caelatus Quenstedt 1858
†Dapedius costai Bassani 1892
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Invalid names: Omalopleurus speciosus Costa 1862 [synonym]
†Dapedius inornatus Henry 1876
†Dapedius pholidotus Agassiz 1832
†Dapedius punctatus Agassiz 1835
Invalid names: Aechmodus Egerton 1845 [synonym], Amblyurus Agassiz 1836 [synonym], Omalopleurus Costa 1862 [synonym]
G. †Scopulipiscis Latimer and Giles 2018
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†Scopulipiscis saxciput Latimer and Giles 2018
Fm. †Gigantodontidae Weiler 1935
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G. †Stromerichthys Weiler 1935
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Unr. Ginglymodi Cope 1871
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Or. †Kyphosichthyiformes Sun and Ni 2017
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Fm. †Kyphosichthyidae Sun and Ni 2017
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G. †Fuyuanichthys Xu et al. 2018
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†Fuyuanichthys wangi Xu et al. 2018
G. †Kyphosichthys Xu and Wu 2012
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†Kyphosichthys grandei Xu and Wu 2012
G. †Luoxiongichthys Wen et al. 2012
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†Luoxiongichthys hyperdorsalis Wen et al. 2012
Fm. †Lashanichthyidae Xu et al. 2019
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G. †Lashanichthys Xu et al. 2019
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†Lashanichthys sui López-Arbarello et al. 2011
†Lashanichthys yangjuanensis Chen et al. 2014
G. †Yudaiichthys Xu et al. 2019
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†Yudaiichthys eximius Xu et al. 2019
Or. Lepisosteiformes Hay 1929 [gar]
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G. †Isanichthys Cavin and Suteethorn 2006
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†Isanichthys palustris Cavin and Suteethorn 2006
G. †Lanxangichthys Cavin et al. 2019
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†Lanxangichthys alticephalus Cavin et al. 2019
G. †Lepidotes Agassiz 1832
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†Lepidotes dashanpuensis Peng et al. 2005
†Lepidotes elvensis de Blainville 1818
†Lepidotes gigas Agassiz 1832
†Lepidotes gloriae Thies 1989
†Lepidotes lennieri Sauvage 1893
†Lepidotes macropterus Yabumoto 1994
†Lepidotes microrhis Wenz 2003
†Lepidotes pankowskii Forey et al. 2011
†Lepidotes semiserratus Agassiz 1836
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Invalid names: Lepidotus latissimus Agassiz 1833 [synonym], Lepidotus umbonatus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
†Lepidotes tanyrhis Wenz 2003
†Lepidotes toombsi Jain and Robinson 1963
†Lepidotes walcotti Eastman 1917
†Lepidotes wenzae Brito and Gallo 2003
†Lepidotus affinis Fricke 1875
†Lepidotus fimbriatus Agassiz 1834
†Lepidotus fittoni Agassiz 1835
†Lepidotus frondosus Agassiz 1832
†Lepidotus gallineki Michael 1863
†Lepidotus latifrons Woodward 1893
†Lepidotus leedsi Woodward 1895
†Lepidotus lusitanicus Sauvage 1898
†Lepidotus macrocheirus Egerton 1845
†Lepidotus maximiliani Agassiz 1843
†Lepidotus minor Agassiz 1833
†Lepidotus oblongus Agassiz 1834
†Lepidotus occidentalis Leidy 1856
†Lepidotus palliatus Agassiz 1837
†Lepidotus parvulus Agassiz 1843
†Lepidotus piauhyensis Roxo and Löfgren 1936
†Lepidotus pustulatus Woodward 1895
†Lepidotus radiatus Agassiz 1833
†Lepidotus rugosus Agassiz 1837
†Lepidotus souzai Woodward 1908
†Lepidotus speciosus Agassiz 1843
†Lepidotus striatus Agassiz 1833
†Lepidotus subdenticulatus Agassiz 1833
†Lepidotus subovatus Münster 1842
†Lepidotus subundatus Münster 1846
†Lepidotus tuberculatus Agassiz 1837
†Lepidotus undatus Agassiz 1833
†Lepidotus unguiculatus Agassiz 1833
†Lepidotus virleti Agassiz 1833
Invalid names: Plesiodus Wagner 1863 [synonym], Prolepidotus Michael 1893 [synonym], Scrobodus Munster [synonym]
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G. †Araripelepidotes Santos 1990
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†Araripelepidotes temnurus Agassiz 1841
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Fm. Lepisosteidae Cuvier 1825
Fm. †Obaichthyidae Grande 2010
G. †Pliodetes Wenz 1999
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†Pliodetes nigeriensis Wenz 1999
G. †Scheenstia López-Arbarello and Sfercoa 2009
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†Scheenstia decoratus Wagner 1863
†Scheenstia degenhardti Branco 1885
†Scheenstia hauchecornei Branco 1885
†Scheenstia laevis Agassiz 1837
†Scheenstia mantelli Agassiz 1833
†Scheenstia maximus Wagner 1863
†Scheenstia zappi López-Arbarello and Sfercoa 2009
G. †Sheenstia López-Arbarello and Sferco 2011
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G. †Enchelyolepis Woodward 1918
G. †Uarbryichthys Wade 1941
G. †Voelklichthys Arratia and Schultze 2012
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†Voelklichthys comitatus Arratia and Schultze 2012
G. †Neosemionotus Bocchino 1973
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†Neosemionotus puntanus López-Arbarello and Codorniú 2007
Or. †Semionotiformes Arambourg and Bertin 1958
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G. †Alleiolepis Heller 1953
G. †Allelepidotus Fric 1906
G. †Aphelolepis Heller 1953
Fm. †Callipurbeckiidae López-Arbarello 2012
+
G. †Callipurbeckia López-Arbarello 2012
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†Callipurbeckia minor Agassiz 1833
†Callipurbeckia notopterus Agassiz 1835
†Callipurbeckia tendaguruensis Arratia and Schultze 1999
G. †Macrosemimimus Schröder et al. 2012
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†Macrosemimimus fegerti Schröder et al. 2012
†Macrosemimimus lennieri Schröder et al. 2012
G. †Occitanichthys Lopez-Arbarello and Wencker 2016
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†Occitanichthys canjuersensis Lopez-Arbarello and Wencker 2016
G. †Paralepidotus Stolley 1919
+
†Paralepidotus ornatus Agassiz 1832
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Invalid names: Colobodus elongatus Gorjanovic-Kramberger 1905 [synonym], Heterolepidotus parvulus Gorjanovic-Kramberger 1905 [synonym], Lepidotus acutirostris Costa 1853 [synonym], Lepidotus spinifer Bellotti 1857 [synonym], Lepidotus triumplinorum de Zigno 1891 [synonym], Semionotus curtulus Costa 1853 [synonym]
G. †Semiolepis Lombardo and Tintori 2008
+
†Semiolepis brembanus Lombardo and Tintori 2008
G. †Tlayuamichin López-Arbarello and Alvarado-Ortega 2011
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†Tlayuamichin itztli López-Arbarello and Alvarado-Ortega 2011
G. †Corunegenys Wade 1942
G. †Enigmatichthys Wade 1935
G. †Heterostrophus Wagner 1859
+
†Heterostrophus latus Wagner 1863
†Heterostrophus phillipsi Woodward 1929
G. †Lophionotus Gibson 2013
+
†Lophionotus chinleana Gibson 2013
†Lophionotus kanabensis Gibson 2013
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Invalid names: Semionotus kanabensis Schaeffer and Dunkle 1950 [objective synonym]
†Lophionotus sanjuanensis Gibson 2013
Fm. †Macrosemiidae Thiollière 1858
+
G. †Agoultichthys Murray and Wilson 2009
+
†Agoultichthys chattertoni Murray and Wilson 2009
G. †Eosemionotus Stolley 1919
+
†Eosemionotus ceresiensis Bürgin 2004
†Eosemionotus diskosomus López-Arbarello et al. 2019
†Eosemionotus minutus López-Arbarello et al. 2019
†Eosemionotus ratumensis Diependaal et al. 2024
†Eosemionotus sceltrichensis López-Arbarello et al. 2019
†Eosemionotus vogeli Fritsch 1906
G. †Histionotus Egerton 1854
+
†Histionotus angularis Egerton 1854
†Histionotus falsani Thiollière 1873
†Histionotus oberndorferi Wagner 1863
G. †Legnonotus Egerton 1854
+
†Legnonotus cothamensis Egerton 1854
†Legnonotus krambergeri Bartram 1977
†Legnonotus obtusus Tintori and Renesto 1983
G. †Macrosemiocotzus González-Rodríguez et al. 2004
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†Macrosemiocotzus americanus González-Rodríguez et al. 2004
G. †Macrosemius Agassiz 1834
+
†Macrosemius andrewsi Woodward 1895
†Macrosemius dumortieri Thiollière 1873
†Macrosemius fourneti Thiollière 1854
†Macrosemius pectoralis Sauvage 1883
†Macrosemius rostratus Agassiz 1834
G. †Notagogus Agassiz 1833
+
†Notagogus denticulatus Agassiz 1834
†Notagogus latior Agassiz 1833
†Notagogus novomundi González-Rodríguez and Reynoso 2004
†Notagogus pentlandi Agassiz 1833
+
Invalid names: Blenniomoeus brevicauda Costa 1853 [synonym], Blenniomoeus longicauda Costa 1850 [synonym], Blenniomoeus maior Costa 1856 [synonym], Lepidotus exiguus Costa 1857 [synonym], Notagogus crassicauda Costa 1864 [synonym], Notagogus erythrolepis Costa 1853 [synonym], Notagogus gracilis Costa 1864 [synonym], Notagogus minor Costa 1853 [synonym]
†Notagogus zieteni Agassiz 1833
Invalid names: Blenniomoeus Costa 1850 [synonym], Calignathus Costa 1856 [synonym], Pachyodon Costa 1856 [synonym]
G. †Propterus Agassiz 1834
+
†Propterus elongatus Wagner 1863
†Propterus microstomus Agassiz 1834
†Propterus scacchii Costa 1853
+
Invalid names: Rhynchoncodes macrocephalus Costa 1854 [synonym]
†Propterus serratus Agassiz 1843
Invalid names: Rhynchoncodes Costa 1850 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eosemionotidae Bürgin et al. 1991 [synonym]
G. †Orthurus Kner 1866
+
†Orthurus sturii Kner 1866
G. †Pericentrophorus Jorg 1969
+
G. †Plesiolepidotus Schlosser 1923
G. †Prionopleurus Fischer de Waldheim 1852
Fm. †Semionotidae Woodward 1890
+
G. †Acentrophorus Traquair 1877
+
†Acentrophorus altus Kirkby 1864
†Acentrophorus chicopensis Newberry 1888
†Acentrophorus glaphyrus Agassiz 1835
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Invalid names: Acentrophorus abbsii Kirkby 1862 [synonym]
†Acentrophorus robustus Brandt 2021
†Acentrophorus varians Kirkby 1862
G. †Aetheolepis Woodward 1895
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†Aetheolepis mirabilis Woodward 1895
G. †Aphnelepis Woodward 1895
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†Aphnelepis australis Woodward 1895
G. †Archaeolepidotus Accordi 1956
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G. †Hemicalypterus Schaeffer 1967
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†Hemicalypterus weiri Schaeffer 1967
G. †Paradapedium Jain 1973
+
†Paradapedium egertoni Jain 1973
G. †Pristisomus Woodward 1890
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†Pristisomus crassus Woodward 1890
†Pristisomus gracilis Woodward 1890
†Pristisomus latus Woodward 1890
G. †Sargodon Plieninger 1847
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†Sargodon cuneus Henry 1876
†Sargodon incisivus Henry 1876
†Sargodon tomicus Plieninger 1847
G. †Semionotus Agassiz 1832
+
†Palaeoniscus agassizii Redfield 1841
†Semionotus agassizii Redfield 1841
+
Invalid names: Semionotus marshii Newberry 1888 [synonym]
†Semionotus australis Woodward 1890
†Semionotus beardmori Smith 1900
†Semionotus bergeri Agassiz 1833
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Invalid names: Palaeoniscum arenaceum Berger 1832 [synonym], Semionotus elongatus Fraas 1861 [objective synonym], Semionotus esox Berger 1843 [synonym], Semionotus spixi Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
†Semionotus braunii Newberry 1888
†Semionotus capensis Woodward 1888
†Semionotus elegans Newberry 1888
+
Invalid names: Semionotus lenticularis Newberry 1888 [synonym], Semionotus modestus Newberry 1888 [synonym]
†Semionotus formosus Woodward 1908
†Semionotus fultus Agassiz 1833
+
Invalid names: Ischypterus macropterus Newberry 1888 [synonym]
†Semionotus gigas Newberry 1888
†Semionotus howelli Bock 1959
†Semionotus kapffi Fraas 1861
†Semionotus lineatus Newberry 1888
+
Invalid names: Semionotus alatus Newberry 1886 [synonym]
†Semionotus micropterus Newberry 1888
†Semionotus minutus Newberry 1888
†Semionotus normanniae Larsonneur 1964
†Semionotus ovatus Redfield 1841
†Semionotus parvus Redfield 1888
†Semionotus robustus Newberry 1888
†Semionotus tenuis Woodward 1890
Invalid names: Ischypterus Egerton 1847 [synonym], Semionotus gibbus Seebach 1866 [nomen nudum], Semionotus leptocephalus Agassiz 1833 [nomen dubium], Semionotus metcalfi Swinnerton 1928 [nomen dubium], Semionotus nilssoni Agassiz 1837 [nomen dubium], Semionotus trotti Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium]
G. †Tetragonolepis Bronn 1830
+
†Tetragonolepis bouei Agassiz 1833
†Tetragonolepis confluens Agassiz 1835
†Tetragonolepis discus Egerton 1853
†Tetragonolepis drosera Egerton 1853
†Tetragonolepis leachi Agassiz 1833
†Tetragonolepis leiosomus Agassiz 1836
†Tetragonolepis monilifer Agassiz 1836
†Tetragonolepis obscurus Münster 1841
†Tetragonolepis oldhami Egerton 1878
†Tetragonolepis ovalis Agassiz 1834
†Tetragonolepis pustulatus Agassiz 1836
†Tetragonolepis speciosus Agassiz 1835
Invalid names: Homoeolepis Wagner 1860 [synonym], Pleurolepis Quenstedt 1852 [synonym]
G. †Tianfuichthys Su 1996
+
Invalid names: Lepidotidae Owen 1860 [synonym], Semionotus serratus Fraas 1861 [nomen dubium]
Subor. †Semionotoidei
+
Invalid names: Hadrodontidae Thurmond and Jones 1981 [empty]
G. †Serrolepis Quenstedt 1852
G. †Sinosemionotus Yuan and Koh 1936
Fm. †Tungusichthyidae Berg 1941
+
G. †Tungusichthys Berg 1941
+
†Tungusichthys derjugini Sytchevskaya 1999
Invalid names: Dapediiformes [empty], Neoginglymodi López-Arbarello and Sferco 2018 [empty]
G. †Holcodon Gorjanović-Kramberger 1882
+
†Holcodon lesinaensis Kramberger 1881
+
Invalid names: Holcodon lobopterygius Kramberger 1881 [synonym]
†Holcodon lycodon Kner 1867
+
Invalid names: Solenodon neocomiensis Kramberger 1881 [synonym]
Invalid names: Solenodon Kramberger 1881 [replaced]
Fm. †Parasemionotidae Stensiö 1932
+
G. †Albertonia Gardiner 1966
+
†Albertonia cupidinia Lambe 1916
G. †Broughia Stensiö 1932
+
†Broughia perleidoides Stensiö 1932
G. †Candelarialepis Romano et al. 2019
+
†Candelarialepis argentus Romano et al. 2019
G. †Devillersia Beltan 1968
+
G. †Icarealcyon Beltan 1984
+
†Icarealcyon malagasium Beltan 1984
G. †Jacobulus Lehman 1952
+
†Jacobulus novus Lehman 1952
G. †Jurongia Liu 2002
+
†Jurongia fusiformis Liu 2002
G. †Lehmanotus Beltan 1968
+
†Lehmanotus markubai Beltan 1968
G. †Ospia Stensiö 1932
+
†Ospia whitei Stensiö 1932
G. †Parasemionotus Piveteau 1929
+
†Parasemionotus besairiei Lehman et al. 1959
†Parasemionotus villaltai Beltan 1972
G. †Peia Li
+
†Peia jurongensis Li 2009
G. †Phaidrosoma Griffith 1977
+
†Phaidrosoma lunzensis Griffith 1977
G. †Piveteaunotus Beltan 1968
+
†Piveteaunotus ifasiensis Beltan 1968
G. †Qingshania Liu 2002
+
†Qingshania cercida Liu 2002
G. †Stensionotus Lehman 1952
+
†Stensionotus intercessus Lehman 1952
G. †Suius Liu 2002
+
†Suius brevis Liu 2002
G. †Thomasinotus Lehman 1952
+
†Thomasinotus divisus Lehman 1952
G. †Watsonulus Brough 1939
+
†Watsonulus eugnathoides Piveteau 1935
Invalid names: Watsonia Piveteau 1935 [replaced]
Superfm. †Pholidophoroidea
+
Fm. †Protelopidae Saint-Seine 1949
+
G. †Eoprotelops Saint-Seine 1949
G. †Sangiorgioichthys Tintori and Lombardo 2007
+
†Sangiorgioichthys aldae Tintori and Lombardo 2007
†Sangiorgioichthys valmarensis Lombardo et al. 2012
G. †Ticinolepis López-Arbarello et al. 2016
+
†Ticinolepis crassidens López-Arbarello et al. 2016
†Ticinolepis longaeva López-Arbarello et al. 2016
Invalid names: Aspidorhynchoidea [empty], Chilingosaurus chingshankouensis Young 1961 [nomen dubium], Ophiopsidae Bartram 1975 [empty], Semionotoidea [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2004-08-17 14:52:40
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:42
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
Reference: Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Ufimian to the top of the Holocene or 277.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 274.4 Ma

Collections (1433 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Artinskian - Kungurian290.1 - 274.4USA (Texas) Holostei indet. (85299)
Ufimian - Late/Upper Kazanian277.3 - 266.9Russian Federation (Udmurtia) Acentrophorus sp., Acentrophorus varians (187322)
Late/Upper Kazanian274.4 - 266.9Russian Federation Acentrophorus varians (197540)
Roadian274.4 - 266.9Russian Federation Acentrophorus varians (109484 197598 197601 198777)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14United Kingdom Acentrophorus glaphyurus (131704) Acentrophorus varians (131701) Acentrophorus varians, Acentrophorus abbsi (131700 131702)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14Germany Acentrophorus glaphyurus (130273 130276)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14United Kingdom (Durham) Acentrophorus altus (232568) Acentrophorus glaphyurus (131707 131709) Palaeoniscus glaphyrus (130868)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14United Kingdom (England) Palaeoniscus glaphyrus (90263 90264 90265 90266 90267 90268 90270 90273) Palaeoniscus varians, Palaeoniscus abbsii (122376)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14Italy (Trentino Alto Adige) Acentrophorus robustus (232567)
Changhsingian254.14 - 251.902China (Jiangxi) Caturus indet. (119495)
Changhsingian254.14 - 251.902Italy (Trentino-Alto Adige) Archaeolepidotus leonardii (116442)
Griesbachian251.902 - 250.5Greenland Broughia perleididoides (112740) Ospia whitei, Broughia perleidoides (120896)
Griesbachian251.902 - 250.5Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) Tungusichthys acentrophoroides, Tungusichthys derjugini (103638)
Induan251.902 - 249.9Italy (Trentino Alto-Adige) Archaeolepidotus leonardii (90275)
Dienerian250.5 - 249.9USA (Nevada) Candelarialepis argentus (203221)
Dienerian250.5 - 249.9India Watsonulus eugnathoides (181396)
Dienerian250.5 - 249.9Madagascar (Atsimo-Andrefana) Thomasinotus sp., Parasemionotus labordei, Parasemionotus besairiei, Watsonulus eugnathoides (154183)
Dienerian250.5 - 249.9China (Guizhou) Watsonulus sp. (229434)
Dienerian250.5 - 249.9Madagascar (Diana) Parasemionotus labordei (153773) Watsonulus eugnathoides (117105)
Dienerian250.5 - 249.9Canada (Alberta) Albertonia sp. (154190)