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Azhdarchoidea

Reptilia - Pterosauria

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1844Palaeornis cliftii Mantell
1888Ornithocheirus cliftii Lydekker
1900Ornithocheirus clifti Van Den Broeck p. 106
1978Ornithocheirus cliftii Brodkorb p. 228
1978Ornithocheirus cliftii Wellnhofer
1992Azhdarchoidea Unwin
1997Azhdarchoidea Unwin and Lü
2003Azhdarchoidea Unwin p. 169
2005Azhdarchoidea Andres and Norell pp. 3-4 fig. 3
2005Azhdarchoidea Osi et al.
2006Azhdarchoidea Martill and Naish p. 926
2007Azhdarchoidea Unwin and Martill
2013Azhdarchoidea Andres and Myers
2013Azhdarchoidea Martill et al.
2013Azhdarchoidea Naish et al.
2013Azhdarchoidea Rodrigues and Kellner p. 3
2014Azhdarchoidea Andres et al.
2014Azhdarchoidea Headden and Campos
2016Azhdarchoidea Pegas et al.
2019Azhdarchoidea Kellner et al.
2023Azhdarchoidea Agnolín et al. p. 310

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
RankNameAuthor
Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
PterosauromorphaPadian 1997
orderPterosauriaKaup 1834
suborderPterodactyloideaPlieninger 1901
superfamilyAzhdarchoideaUnwin 1992
superfamilyAzhdarchoideaUnwin 1992

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. †Azhdarchoidea Unwin 1992
show all | hide all
Fm. †Azhdarchidae Nessov 1984
+
G. †Aerotitan Novas et al. 2012
+
Aerotitan sudamericanus Novas et al. 2012
G. †Alanqa Ibrahim et al. 2010
+
Alanqa saharica Ibrahim et al. 2010
G. †Albadraco Solomon et al. 2020
+
Albadraco tharmisensis Solomon et al. 2020
G. †Aralazhdarcho Averianov 2007
+
Aralazhdarcho bostobensis Averianov 2007
G. †Arambourgiania Nessov et al. 1987
+
Arambourgiania philadelphiae Arambourg 1959
G. †Azhdarcho Nessov 1981
+
Azhdarcho lancicollis Nessov 1984
+
Invalid names: Azhdarcho imparidens Nessov 1981 [replaced]
G. †Bakonydraco Osi et al. 2005
+
Bakonydraco galaczi Osi et al. 2005
G. †Bennettazhia Nessov 1991
+
Bennettazhia oregonensis Gilmore 1928
G. †Bogolubovia Nessov and Yarkov 1989
+
Bogolubovia orientalis Bogoliubow 1914
G. †Chaoyangopterus Wang and Zhou 2003
+
Chaoyangopterus zhangi Wang and Zhou 2003
G. †Cryodrakon Hone et al. 2019
+
Cryodrakon boreas Hone et al. 2019
G. †Doratorhynchus Seeley 1875
G. †Eoazhdarcho Lü and Ji 2005
+
Eoazhdarcho liaoxiensis Lü and Ji 2005
G. †Eurazhdarcho Vremir et al. 2013
+
Eurazhdarcho langendorfensis Vremir et al. 2013
G. †Hatzegopteryx Buffetaut et al. 2002
+
Hatzegopteryx thambema Buffetaut et al. 2002
G. †Mistralazhdarcho Vullo et al. 2018
+
Mistralazhdarcho maggii Vullo et al. 2018
G. †Montanazhdarcho Padian et al. 1995
+
Montanazhdarcho minor Padian et al. 1995
G. †Navajodactylus Sullivan and Fowler 2011
+
Navajodactylus boerei Sullivan and Fowler 2011
G. †Phosphatodraco Pereda Suberbiola et al. 2003
+
Phosphatodraco mauritanicus Pereda Suberbiola et al. 2003
Subfm. †Quetzalcoatlinae Andres et al. 2014
+
G. †Infernodrakon Thomas et al. 2025
+
Infernodrakon hastacollis Thomas et al. 2025
G. †Quetzalcoatlus Lawson 1975
+
Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni Andres and Langston Jr 2021
Quetzalcoatlus northropi Lawson 1975
G. †Thanatosdrakon Ortiz David et al. 2022
+
Thanatosdrakon amaru Ortiz David et al. 2022
G. †Wellnhopterus Andres and Langston Jr 2021
+
Wellnhopterus brevirostris Andres and Langston Jr 2021
G. †Titanopteryx Arambourg 1959
G. †Zhejiangopterus Cai and Wei 1994
+
Zhejiangopterus linhaiensis Cai and Wei 1994
G. †Cretornis Fritsch 1881
+
Cretornis hlavaci Fritsch 1881
Fm. †Dsungaripteridae Young 1964
+
G. †Banguela Headden and Campos 2014
+
Banguela oberlii Headden and Campos 2014
G. †Domeykodactylus Martill et al. 2000
+
Domeykodactylus ceciliae Martill et al. 2000
G. †Dsungaripterus Young 1964
+
Dsungaripterus weii Young 1964
G. †Lonchognathosaurus Maisch et al. 2004
+
Lonchognathosaurus acutirostris Maisch et al. 2004
G. †Noripterus Young 1973
+
Noripterus parvus Bakhurina 1982
Invalid names: Phobetor Bakhurina 1986 [synonym]
G. †Eopteranodon Lü and Zhang 2005
+
Eopteranodon lii Lü and Zhang 2005
G. †Europejara Vullo et al. 2012
+
Europejara olcadesorum Vullo et al. 2012
G. †Leptostomia Smith et al. 2020
+
Leptostomia begaaensis Smith et al. 2020
G. †Microtuban Elgin and Frey 2011
+
Microtuban altivolans Elgin and Frey 2011
G. †Nemicolopterus Wang et al. 2008 [forest dweller wing]
+
Nemicolopterus crypticus Wang et al. 2008
Unr. †Neoazhdarchia Unwin 2003
+
Fm. †Chaoyangopteridae Lü et al. 2008
+
G. †Apatorhamphus McPhee et al. 2020
+
Apatorhamphus gyrostega McPhee et al. 2020
G. †Lacusovagus Witton 2008
+
Lacusovagus magnificens Witton 2008
G. †Shenzhoupterus Lü et al. 2008
+
Shenzhoupterus chaoyangensis Lü et al. 2008
G. †Radiodactylus Andres and Myers 2013
+
Radiodactylus langstoni Andres and Myers 2013
Superfm. †Tapejaroidea Kellner 1989
+
Fm. †Tapejaridae Kellner 1989
+
G. †Afrotapejara Martill et al. 2020
+
Afrotapejara zouhri Martill et al. 2020
Unr. †Chaoyangopterinae Pinheiro et al. 2011
+
G. †Jidapterus Dong et al. 2003
G. †Huaxiapterus Lü and Yuan 2005
+
Huaxiapterus benxiensis Lü et al. 2007
Huaxiapterus corollatus Lü et al. 2006
Huaxiapterus jii Lü and Yuan 2005
G. †Ingridia Unwin and Martill 2007
G. †Sinopterus Wang and Zhou 2002
+
Sinopterus dongi Wang and Zhou 2002
Sinopterus gui Li et al. 2003
G. †Tapejara Kellner 1989
+
Tapejara wellnhoferi Kellner 1989
Subfm. †Tapejarinae Kellner 1989
+
G. †Aymberedactylus Pegas et al. 2016
G. †Caiuajara Manzig et al. 2014
G. †Caupedactylus Kellner 2013
Subfm. †Thalassodrominae Kellner and Campos 2007
+
G. †Kariridraco Cerqueira et al. 2021
G. †Tupandactylus Kellner and Campos 2007
+
Tupandactylus imperator Campos and Kellner 1997
Tupandactylus navigans Frey et al. 2003
G. †Wightia Martill et al. 2020
+
Wightia declivirostris Martill et al. 2020
Fm. †Thalassodromidae Kellner and Campos 2007
+
G. †Thalassodromeus Kellner and Campos 2002
+
Thalassodromeus sethi Kellner and Campos 2002
G. †Tupuxuara Kellner and Campos 1988
+
Tupuxuara deliradamus Witton 2009
Tupuxuara leonardii Kellner and Campos 1994
Tupuxuara longicristatus Kellner and Campos 1988
G. †Xericeps Martill et al. 2018
+
Xericeps curvirostris Martill et al. 2018
G. †Ornithostoma Seeley 1871
+
Ornithostoma sedgwicki Seeley 1871
+
Invalid names: Ornithostoma seeleyi Lydekker 1904 [synonym]
Fm. †Protazhdarchidae Frey et al. 2011
+
G. †Aurorazhdarcho Frey et al. 2011
+
Aurorazhdarcho primordius Frey et al. 2011
Unr. †Tapejaromorpha Andres et al. 2014
+
G. †Keresdrakon Kellner et al. 2019
+
Keresdrakon vilsoni Kellner et al. 2019
G. †Vectidraco Naish et al. 2013
+
Vectidraco daisymorrisae Naish et al. 2013
Invalid names: Palaeornis cliftii Mantell 1844 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
D. M. Unwin 2003Tapejara wellnhoferi, Quetzalcoatlus northropi, their most recent common ancestor, and all its descendants
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 544 kgs
Minimum body mass: 259 kgs
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: volanto
Diet: piscivoreo
Created: 2009-01-04 11:38:30
Modified: 2017-04-17 10:39:23
Source: s = species, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Witton 2008, Padian 1985, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Kimmeridgian to the top of the Early/Lower Maastrichtian or 152.21000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (136 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian152.21 - 149.2Germany (Niedersachsen) Dsungaripteridae indet. (51858)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06Germany (Bayern) Aurorazhdarcho primordius (138219)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06France (Poitou-Charentes) Azhdarchidae indet. (164377)
Tithonian149.2 - 143.1Tanzania (Lindi) Tapejaroidea indet. (89996)
Tithonian - Berriasian149.2 - 137.05Thailand (Kalasin) Azhdarchoidea indet. (157421)
Berriasian143.1 - 137.05Romania (Judetul Bihor) Azhdarchidae indet., Ornithocheiridae indet. (13335)
Berriasian - Valanginian143.1 - 132.6China (Shandong) Theropoda indet. (47070)
Early/Lower Cretaceous143.1 - 100.5Chile (Antofagasta) Pterodaustro sp. (92228)
Early/Lower Cretaceous143.1 - 100.5Mongolia (Ovorkhangai) Tapejaroidea indet. (70140)
Early/Lower Cretaceous143.1 - 100.5United Kingdom (Southeast England) Azhdarchoidea indet. (232501)
Late/Upper Berriasian139.1 - 137.05United Kingdom (England) Azhdarchidae indet. (80391)
Valanginian137.05 - 132.6China (Xinjiang) Dsungaripterus sp. (220472)
Late/Upper Valanginian - Early/Lower Hauterivian137.05 - 125.77United Kingdom (England) Palaeornis cliftii (73272)
Valanginian - Barremian137.05 - 121.4Mongolia (Uvs) Noripterus complicidens (91411) Noripterus complicidens, Dsungaripterus weii (91412)
Valanginian - Barremian137.05 - 121.4Mongolia (Ovorhangai) Dsungaripteridae indet., Phobetor parvus, Dsungaripterus parvus (55238)
Valanginian - Albian137.05 - 100.5China (Xinjiang) Lonchognathosaurus acutirostris (89993) Noripterus complicidens (49817 49818) Noripterus complicidens, Dsungaripterus weii (49047 49819) Ornithurae indet. (71847)
Hauterivian - Barremian132.6 - 121.4Japan (Gifu) Dsungaripteridae indet. (89998)
Late/Upper Hauterivian - Aptian132.6 - 113.2Japan (Gifu) Dsungaripteridae indet. (50310)
Barremian125.77 - 121.4United Kingdom (England) Neoazhdarchia indet. (90213) Wightia declivirostris (101091)
Late/Upper Barremian125.77 - 121.4Spain (Castilla-La Mancha) Europejara olcadesorum (28006)
Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian125.77 - 119.57United Kingdom (England) Vectidraco daisymorrisae (90306)
Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian125.77 - 119.57China (Liaoning) Eopteranodon lii (92903) Eopteranodon yixianensis (79522)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 119.57China (Shandong) Azhdarchidae indet. (100364)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2China (Shandong) Pterosauria indet. (55475)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2China (Liaoning) Chaoyangopterus zhangi (79523 79941) Huaxiapterus benxiensis (92905) Nemicolopterus crypticus (78922) Sinopterus dongi (92898) Sinopterus dongi, Sinopterus gui, Huaxiapterus jii, Huaxiapterus corollatus, Eoazhdarcho liaoxiensis, Shenzhoupterus chaoyangensis, Jidapterus edentus (92652)
Aptian - Campanian121.4 - 72.2Brazil (Paraná) Caiuajara dobruskii, Keresdrakon vilsoni (160057)
Late/Upper Aptian119.57 - 113.2Brazil (Ceará) Caupedactylus ybaka (114920) Tupandactylus imperator (102227) Tupuxuara longicristatus, Tapejara wellnhoferi, Azhdarchoidea indet., Thalassodrominae indet., Kariridraco dianae, Thalassodromeus sethi (92290) Tupuxuara sp., Tupuxuara longicristatus, Thalassodromeus sethi, Tupuxuara leonardii, Tupuxuara deliradamus (67712)
Late/Upper Aptian119.57 - 113.2Brazil (Ceara) Tapejara imperator, Tapejaridae indet., Tapejara navigans, Thalassodrominae indet., Lacusovagus magnificens, Aymberedactylus cearensis, Azhdarchidae indet. (77891)
Early/Lower Albian113.2 - 110.1USA (Texas) Azhdarchidae indet. (84273)
Albian113.2 - 100.5France (Champagne-Ardenne) Azhdarchidae indet. (141003)
Albian113.2 - 100.5USA (Oregon) Bennettazhia oregonensis (229463) Pteranodon oregonensis (92236)
Late/Upper Albian106.3 - 100.5United Kingdom (England) Ornithostoma sedgwicki (94210)
Late/Upper Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian106.3 - 93.9Morocco (Drâa-Tafilalet) Afrotapejara zouhri (208784) Azhdarchidae indet., Azhdarchidae indet., Dsungaripteroidea indet. (52887)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Argentina (Río Negro) Azhdarchidae indet. (132347)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Morocco (Drâa-Tafilalet) Alanqa saharica (96222) Alanqa saharica, Leptostomia begaaensis, Apatorhamphus gyrostega (209058) Azhdarchidae indet. (90079) Azhdarchidae indet., Alanqa saharica, Xericeps curvirostris (96223) Azhdarchidae indet., Tapejaridae indet., Pteranodontidae indet. (90076)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Uzbekistan (Karakalpakstan) Azhdarchidae indet. (58466 92327)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Lebanon Microtuban altivolans (138218)
Late/Upper Cenomanian - Early/Lower Turonian100.5 - 89.8Japan (Kumamoto) Azhdarchidae indet. (93995)
Cenomanian - Santonian100.5 - 83.6Mongolia (Dornogov) Azhdarchidae indet. (55758)
Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8Armenia (Vayots Dzor) Azhdarchidae indet. (92185)
Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8Uzbekistan (Navoi) Azhdarcho imparidens (75943)
Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8Uzbekistan (Xorazm) Azhdarchidae indet. (92328)
Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8Czechia (Pardubice) Cretornis hlavaci (93874)
Late/Upper Turonian - Coniacian93.9 - 85.7Kazakhstan (Qyzylorda) Azhdarchidae indet. (58594)
Late/Upper Turonian - Early/Lower Coniacian93.9 - 85.7Argentina (Neuquén) Azhdarchidae indet. (49415)
Late/Upper Turonian - Late/Upper Santonian93.9 - 83.6Mongolia (Omnogov) Azhdarchidae indet. (55254)
Turonian - Early/Lower Campanian93.9 - 72.2Kenya (Rift Valley) Azhdarchidae indet. (106492)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Early/Lower Santonian89.8 - 83.6Argentina (Mendoza) Thanatosdrakon amaru (219506)
Early/Lower Santonian85.7 - 83.6Tajikistan (Sogd) Azhdarcho sp., Azhdarchidae indet. (58701)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6Hungary (Veszprém) Bakonydraco galaczi, Pterosauria indet. (48722)
Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian85.7 - 72.2Kazakhstan (Qyzylorda) Pterosauria indet. (53134)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2Mongolia (Omnogov) Azhdarchidae indet. (168986)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Russian Federation (Saratov) Azhdarchidae indet. (92330)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Russian Federation (Orenburg) Azhdarchidae indet. (224094)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2China (Zhejiang) Zhejiangopterus linhaiensis (92188)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Russian Federation (Penza) Azhdarchidae indet., Ornithostoma orientalis (92329)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Austria (Niederosterreich) Ornithocheirus sp. (48720)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Russian Federation (Saratov) Azhdarchidae indet. (92359)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Senegal (Thiès) Quetzalcoatlus sp. (92227)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (New Mexico) Navajodactylus boerei (138830 138831)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Canada (Alberta) Azhdarchidae indet. (52656 94765 189085) Quetzalcoatlus sp. (36264)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Canada (British Columbia) Azhdarchidae indet. (132556)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Israel (Southern District) Titanopteryx sp. (92192)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) Azhdarchidae indet. (28454) Mistralazhdarcho maggii (220134)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Montana) Azhdarchidae indet. (22689) Montanazhdarcho minor (90189) Pterodactyloidea indet. (36934)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Utah) Azhdarchidae indet. (217077)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Romania (Sebeş) Azhdarchidae indet. B (219187)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Spain (Castilla y Leon) Azhdarchidae indet. (28406) Azhdarcho sp. (28765)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Montana) Azhdarchidae indet. (14462)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0France (Occitanie) Azhdarchidae indet. (35290)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Argentina (Río Negro) Aerotitan sudamericanus (135703)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Spain (Valencia) Azhdarchidae indet. (96461)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Azhdarchidae indet. (48870 59887)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Romania (Alba) Albadraco tharmisensis (115074) Azhdarchidae indet. A (93729) Azhdarchidae indet. C (138892) Azhdarchoidea indet. (153475) Hatzegopteryx sp. (97813)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Romania (Hunedoara) Azhdarchidae indet. (193773) Hatzegopteryx thambema (89991) Pterosauria indet. (13334)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Australia (Western Australia) Azhdarchidae indet. (92270)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) Pterosauria indet. (48866)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Montana) Infernodrakon hastacollis (239512)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Morocco (Khouribga) Azhdarchidae indet., Phosphatodraco mauritanicus (193774)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Texas) Azhdarchidae indet. (230207) Pterosauria indet. (92249 92251 230208) Quetzalcoatlus northropi (85191 230205 230206) Quetzalcoatlus sp. (52090 85190 92247) Wellnhopterus brevirostris (230204)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Romania (Hunedoara) Azhdarchidae indet. (167488) Hatzegopteryx sp. (26369)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Spain (Valencia) Azhdarchidae indet. (47035)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Morocco (Chaouia-Ouardigha) Phosphatodraco mauritanicus (92203)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Morocco (Béni Mellal-Khénifra) Azhdarchidae indet. (193775)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Jordan Titanopteryx philadelphiae, Arambourgiania philadelphiae (13366)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Titanopteryx sp. (78124)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Mongolia (Omnogov) Azhdarchidae indet. (168417)