Parent taxon: Metazoa according to J. Zrzavy et al. 1998
Sister taxa: Bilateria, Diploblastica, Homoblastica, Hyolithelminthida, Namalia, Vertebrosa, Westgardia, Problematica, Rangeomorpha, Ventogyrus, Silicispongea, Kinzeriidae, Oligoopilionus, Evmiaksia, Scenellopsis, Triradialomorpha, Bronicella, Primocandelabrum, Ovatoscutum, Mesozoa, Paracharnia, Goettingenia, Atalotaenia, Lidaconus, Cnidaria, Dictyorhabdus, Kullingia, Arboreomorpha, Pentaradialomorpha, Megathrix, Funisia, Proarticulata, Siphonoconcha, Silicea, Petalonamae, Limacites, Pseudovendia, Persimedusites, Nectocarididae, Yelovichnus, Eodiorygma, Euradiculata, Palaeacmaea, Parviscopa, Tetraradialomorpha, Deuteronectanebos, Macrocypris kayi, Kuckaraukia, Lomosovis, Nemiana, Lazaichnus, Khasaktidae, Protolyellia, Hiemalora, Bomakellia, Convolutubus, Beltanelliformis, Bilaterialomorpha, Yangtziramulus, Agmata, Hadryniscala, Odontogriphidae, Sentularia, Muricassis, Chenmengella, Yunnanomedusa, Hadrynichorde, Eumetazoa, Gephyrea, Porifera, Spygoria, Parazoa, Armillifera, Inaria, Erniettomorpha, Trichoplax, Rhizostomites, Kimberellomorpha, Mawsonites, Subtilicyathus, Xidazoon, Somatohelix, Tentaculitoidea, Chondroplon
Subtaxa: Coelenterata