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Crocodyliformes

Reptilia

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1831Crocodilus blavieri Gray
1847Crocodilus provencialis Giebel
1930Crocodyliformes Hay p. 150
1951Microchampsa Young p. 31
1951Microchampsa scutata Young p. 31
1965Microchampsa Simmons p. 49
1965Microchampsa scutata Simmons p. 49
1967Microchampsa Charig p. 704
1967Microchampsa scutata Charig p. 704
1975Lisboasaurus Seiffert p. 33
1975Lisboasaurus estesi Seiffert p. 33 fig. 27
1975Lisboasaurus Seiffert p. 39
1983Lisboasaurus Estes
1983Lisboasaurus estesi Estes p. 193 fig. 54a
1988Lisboasaurus Carroll
1988Microchampsa Carroll
1989Crocodyliformes Gauthier et al. p. 349
1991Lisboasaurus Milner and Evans
1991Lisboasaurus estesi Milner and Evans
1993Lisboasaurus Elzanowski and Wellnhofer p. 235
1993Lisboasaurus estesi Elzanowski and Wellnhofer p. 235
1993Crocodyliformes Wu and Brinkman p. 153
1996Lisboasaurus Buscalioni et al. p. 358
1996Lisboasaurus estesi Buscalioni et al. p. 358
2001Crocodyliformes Averianov p. 776
2002Crocodyliformes Molnar et al. p. 613
2002Crocodyliformes Tykoski et al.
2003Crocodyliformes Rogers, II
2004Crocodyliformes Pol et al. p. 604
2005Crocodyliformes Carvalho et al. p. 14
2005Crocodyliformes Jouve p. 324
2005Crocodyliformes Turner and Calvo p. 89
2009Crocodyliformes Brochu et al. p. 538
2009Kemkemia Cau and Maganuco
2009Kemkemia auditorei Cau and Maganuco p. 241
2009Crocodyliformes Sereno and Larsson p. 8
2010Crocodyliformes Böhme p. 17
2010Crocodyliformes Georgi and Krause
2010Crocodyliformes O'Connor et al. p. 748
2010Crocodyliformes Turner and Sertich
2010Crocodyliformes Wings et al.
2011Crocodyliformes Hastings et al. p. 1097
2011Crocodyliformes Nesbitt p. 206 fig. 51
2013Crocodyliformes Irmis et al.
2016Kemkemia auditorei Chiarenza and Cau p. 13
2019Crocodyliformes Lamanna et al.
2022Crocodyliformes Ruebenstahl et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
RankNameAuthor
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
Pseudosuchia(Zittel 1890)
SuchiaKrebs 1974
Paracrocodylomorpha
Loricata(Merrem 1820)
Crocodylomorpha()
Solidocrania
suborderCrocodyliformes
suborderCrocodyliformes

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. Crocodyliformes Hay 1930
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G. †Entradasuchus Hunt and Lockley 1995
+
Entradasuchus spinosus Hunt and Lockley 1995
Fm. †Gobiosuchidae Osmolska 1972
+
G. †Cassissuchus Buscalioni 2017
+
Cassissuchus sanziuami Buscalioni 2017
G. †Gobiosuchus Osmolska 1972
+
Gobiosuchus kielanae Osmolska 1972
Gobiosuchus parvus Efimov 1983
G. †Zaraasuchus Pol and Norell 2004
+
Zaraasuchus shepardi Pol and Norell 2004
Invalid names: Gobiosuchinae Efimov 1983 [empty]
G. †Karatausuchus Efimov 1976
+
Karatausuchus sharovi Efimov 1976
Fm. Krokolithidae Kohring and Hirsch 1996 [crocodile eggshell]
+
G. †Bauruoolithus Oliveira et al. 2011
+
Bauruoolithus fragilis Oliveira et al. 2011
G. †Krokolithes Hirsch 1985
+
Krokolithes helleri Kohring and Hirsch 1996
Krokolithes wilsoni Hirsch 1985
Unr. †Mesoeucrocodylia Whetstone and Whybrow 1983
+
G. †Dianchungosaurus Young 1982
+
G. †Khuzdarcroco Malkani 2015
+
Khuzdarcroco zahri Malkani 2015
G. †Lusitanisuchus Schwarz and Fechner 2004
+
G. †Microsuchus Saez 1928
+
Microsuchus schilleri Saez 1928
Unr. Neosuchia Clark 1988
+
Unr. †Atoposauridae Gervais 1871
+
G. †Alligatorellus Gervais 1871
+
Alligatorellus bavaricus Tennant and Mannion 2014
Alligatorellus beaumonti Gervais 1871
G. †Alligatorium Gervais 1871
+
Alligatorium meyeri Gervais 1871
G. †Aprosuchus Venczel and Codrea 2019
+
Aprosuchus ghirai Venczel and Codrea 2019
G. †Atoposaurus von Meyer 1850
+
Atoposaurus jourdani Meyer 1850
G. †Knoetschkesuchus Schwarz et al. 2017
+
Knoetschkesuchus guimarotae Schwarz and Salisbury 2005
Knoetschkesuchus langenbergensis Schwarz et al. 2017
G. †Sabresuchus Tennant et al. 2016
+
Sabresuchus ibericus Brinkman 1992
Sabresuchus sympiestodon Martin et al. 2010
G. †Theriosuchus Owen 1878
+
Theriosuchus grandinaris Lauprasert et al. 2011
Theriosuchus pusillus Owen 1878
+
Invalid names: Oweniasuchus minor Owen 1879 [synonym]
G. †Varanosuchus Pochat-Cottilloux et al. 2024
+
Varanosuchus sakonnakhonensis Pochat-Cottilloux et al. 2024
G. †Bernissartia Dollo 1883
+
Bernissartia fagesii Dollo 1883
Fm. †Bernissartiidae Dollo 1883
+
G. †Koumpiodontosuchus Sweetman et al. 2015
+
Koumpiodontosuchus aprosdokiti Sweetman et al. 2015
G. †Burkesuchus Novas et al. 2021
+
Burkesuchus mallingrandensis Novas et al. 2021
Unr. †Coelognathosuchia Martin et al. 2013
+
Fm. †Goniopholididae Cope 1875
+
G. †Amphicotylus Cope 1878
G. †Anteophthalmosuchus Salisbury and Naish 2011
+
Invalid names: Leiokarinosuchus Salisbury and Naish 2011 [synonym]
G. †Calsoyasuchus Tykoski et al. 2002
G. †Coelosuchus Williston 1906
G. †Denazinosuchus Lucas and Sullivan 2003
G. †Eutretauranosuchus Mook 1967
G. †Goniopholis Owen 1842
+
Invalid names: Diplosaurus [synonym], Macellodus Owen 1854 [synonym]
G. †Hulkepholis Buscalioni et al. 2013
G. †Nannosuchus Owen 1879
G. †Ophiussasuchus López-Rojas et al. 2024
G. †Oweniasuchus Woodward 1885
+
Invalid names: Brachydectes Owen 1879 [replaced]
G. †Pliogonodon Leidy 1856
G. †Siamosuchus Lauprasert et al. 2007 [Siam crocodile]
G. †Sunosuchus Young 1948
G. †Symptosuchus Ameghino 1899
Invalid names: Goniopholinae Nopcsa 1928 [empty], Goniopholis tenuidens Owen 1879 [nomen dubium], Oweniasuchus lusitanicus Sauvage 1898 [nomen dubium], Symptosuchus contortidens Ameghino 1899 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Tethysuchia Buffetaut 1982
+
Unr. †Dyrosauroidea Jouve et al. 2021
Unr. †Pholidosauridae von Zittel and Eastman 1902
+
Invalid names: Macrorhynchidae Koken 1887 [synonym], Rhabdognathidae Swinton 1930 [synonym], Rhabdosauridae Bergounioux 1955 [synonym]
Unr. †Tethysuchoidea Souza et al. 2019
Subor. Eusuchia Huxley 1875
+
Fm. †Aegyptosuchidae Kuhn 1936
+
G. †Aegisuchus Holliday and Gardner 2012
G. †Aegyptosuchus Stromer 1933
G. †Albertosuchus Wu and Brinkman 2015
+
Albertosuchus knudsenii Wu and Brinkman 2015
Unr. †Allodaposuchidae Narváez et al. 2015
+
G. †Allodaposuchus Nopcsa 1928
+
Invalid names: Agaresuchus Narváez et al. 2016 [synonym], Lohuecosuchus Narváez et al. 2015 [synonym]
G. †Arenysuchus Puértolas et al. 2011
G. †Massaliasuchus Martin and Buffetaut 2008
G. †Musturzabalsuchus Buscalioni et al. 1997
G. †Borealosuchus Brochu 1997
+
Borealosuchus acutidentatus Sternberg 1932
Borealosuchus formidabilis Erickson 1976
Borealosuchus griffithi Wu et al. 2001
Borealosuchus sternbergii Gilmore 1910
Borealosuchus threeensis Brochu et al. 2012
Borealosuchus wilsoni Mook 1959
+
Invalid names: Diplocynodon stuckeri Mook 1960 [synonym]
Invalid names: Leidyosuchus riggsi Schmidt 1938 [nomen dubium]
G. †Confractosuchus White et al. 2022
+
Confractosuchus sauroktonos White et al. 2022
Unr. Crocodylia Owen 1842 [crocodilian]
+
Unr. †Alligatoroidea Gray 1844
G. †Asifcroco Malkani 2015
G. †Baharijodon Kuhn 1936
G. †Brachygnathosuchus Mook 1921
G. †Dijaquesopus Ellenberger 1970
Superfm. Gavialoidea Brochu 1997
G. †Hatcherichnus Foster and Lockley 1997
G. †Isselosaurus Filhol 1888
G. †Kuangyuanpus Young 1943
G. †Laiyangpus Young 1960
Unr. Longirostres Cuvier
G. †Mehliella Strand 1932
+
Invalid names: Walteria Mehl 1931 [replaced]
G. †Nihilichnus Mikulas et al. 2006
G. †Pinacosuchus Gilmore 1942
Unr. †Planocraniidae Li 1976
G. †Stenosaurus Wagler 1830
G. †Tienosuchus Young 1948
Subor. †Trialestia
G. †Zholsuchus Nesov et al. 1989
Invalid names: Amphicoelia Owen 1859 [empty], Archaeosuchidae Brown 1933 [empty], Asiatosuchus volgensis Efimov and Yarkov 1993 [nomen dubium], Asiatosuchus zajsanicus Efimov 1982 [nomen dubium], Batrachopodidae Haubold 1969 [empty], Bottosaurus tuberculatus Cope 1870 [nomen dubium], Brachydectes major Owen 1879 [nomen dubium], Brevirostres Cuvier [empty], Coelospondilia Owen 1876 [empty], Colossoemys Barbosa Rodrigues 1892 [nomen dubium], Colossoemys macrococcygeana Barbosa Rodrigues 1892 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus delucii Gray 1831 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus pristinus Leidy 1868 [nomen dubium], Crocodylus sinhaleyus Deraniyagala 1958 [nomen nudum], Deinosuchus rugosus Emmons 1858 [nomen dubium], Dinosuchus terror Gervais 1876 [nomen vanum], Diplocynodus sphenops Cope 1875 [nomen dubium], Emys quaternaria Barbosa Rodrigues 1892 [nomen dubium], Europaeosuchus Swinton 1937 [nomen nudum], Gavialis dixoni Owen 1849 [nomen dubium], Gavialis papuensis de Vis 1905 [nomen dubium], Isselosaurus doduni Gray 1831 [nomen dubium], Pliosaurus phosphaticus Stefano 1903 [nomen dubium], Pristichampsinae Kuhn 1968 [empty], Procoelia Owen 1859 [empty], Procrocodilia Nopcsa 1928 [empty], Pyrenodon Dujardin 1843 [nomen dubium], Thecachampsa serrata Cope 1872 [nomen dubium], Thecachampsa squankensis Marsh 1869 [nomen vanum]
Unr. †Hylaeochampsidae Williston 1925
+
G. †Acynodon Buscalioni et al. 1997
G. †Hylaeochampsa Owen 1874
G. †Iharkutosuchus Osi et al. 2007
G. †Pachycheilosuchus Rogers, II 2003
G. †Pietraroiasuchus Buscalioni et al. 2011
G. †Turcosuchus Jouve et al. 2019
G. †Unasuchus Brinkmann 1992
G. †Isisfordia Salisbury et al. 2006
+
Isisfordia duncani Salisbury et al. 2006
Isisfordia molnari Hart et al. 2019
Isisfordia selaslophensis Etheridge 1917
Fm. †Paralligatoridae Konjukova 1954
+
G. †Batrachomimus Montefeltro et al. 2013
G. †Brillanceausuchus Michard et al. 1990
G. †Kansajsuchus Efimov 1975
+
Invalid names: Turanosuchus Efimov 1988 [synonym]
G. †Paralligator Konjukova 1954
G. †Rugosuchus Wu et al. 2001
G. †Scolomastax Noto et al. 2020
G. †Shamosuchus Mook 1924
G. †Tarsomordeo Adams 2019
G. †Wannchampsus Adams 2014
G. †Yanjisuchus Rummy et al. 2021
Invalid names: Paralligator sungaricus Sun 1958 [nomen dubium], Shamosuchus borealis Efimov 1975 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Stromerosuchidae Kuhn 1960
+
G. †Stromerosuchus Kuhn 1936
G. †Susisuchus Salisbury et al. 2003
+
Susisuchus anatoceps Salisbury et al. 2003
Susisuchus jaguaribensis Fortier and Schultz 2009
G. †Wanosuchus Zhang 1981
+
Wanosuchus atresus Zhang 1981
Invalid names: Cocodrylidae Stirton 1953 [empty], Dolichochampsidae Gasparini and Buffetaut 1980 [empty], Heterosuchus valdensis Seeley 1887 [nomen dubium], Pristichampsus Gervais 1853 [nomen dubium], Pristichampsus rollinati Gray 1831 [nomen dubium]
G. †Gilchristosuchus Wu and Brinkman 1993
+
Gilchristosuchus palatinus Wu and Brinkman 1993
G. †Khoratosuchus Lauprasert et al. 2009
+
Khoratosuchus jintasakuli Lauprasert et al. 2009
G. †Montsecosuchus Buscalioni and Sanz 1988
+
Unr. †Paluxysuchidae Drumheller et al. 2021
+
G. †Deltasuchus Adams et al. 2017
+
Deltasuchus motherali Adams et al. 2017
G. †Paluxysuchus Adams 2013
+
Paluxysuchus newmani Adams 2013
Fm. †Stomatosuchidae Stromer 1925
+
G. †Chiayusuchus Bohlin 1953
+
Chiayusuchus cingulatus Bohlin 1953
G. †Laganosuchus Sereno and Larsson 2009
+
Laganosuchus maghrebensis Sereno and Larsson 2009
Laganosuchus thaumastos Sereno and Larsson 2009
G. †Stomatosuchus Stromer 1925
+
Stomatosuchus inermis Stromer 1925
G. †Wahasuchus Saber et al. 2018
+
Wahasuchus egyptensis Saber et al. 2018
Invalid names: Alligatorium franconicum Ammon 1906 [nomen dubium], Brillanceausuchidae Michard et al. 1990 [empty], Goniopholis phuwiangensis Buffetaut and Ingavat 1983 [nomen dubium], Heterosuchus Seeley 1887 [nomen dubium], Ischyrochampsa Vasse 1995 [nomen dubium], Ischyrochampsa meridionalis Vasse 1995 [nomen dubium], Shamosuchus karakalpakensis Nesov et al. 1989 [nomen dubium], Shamosuchus occidentalis Efimov 1982 [nomen dubium], Susisuchidae Salisbury et al. 2003 [empty]
Infraor. †Notosuchia Gasparini 1971
+
G. †Coringasuchus Kellner et al. 2009
+
Coringasuchus anisodontis Kellner et al. 2009
G. †Eptalofosuchus Marinho et al. 2022
+
Eptalofosuchus viridi Marinho et al. 2022
Unr. †Eunotosuchia Ruiz et al. 2021
+
G. †Libycosuchus Stromer 1914
+
Libycosuchus brevirostris Stromer 1914
G. †Malawisuchus Gomani 1997
+
G. †Simosuchus Buckley et al. 2000 [pug-nosed crocodile]
+
Simosuchus clarki Buckley et al. 2000
Fm. †Uruguaysuchidae Gasparini 1971
+
G. †Anatosuchus Sereno et al. 2003
G. †Araripesuchus Price 1959
G. †Uruguaysuchus Rusconi 1933
Unr. †Xenodontosuchia Ruiz et al. 2021
+
Unr. †Baurusuchia Walker 1968
Unr. †Sphagesauria Ruiz et al. 2021
G. †Llanosuchus Fiorelli et al. 2016
+
Llanosuchus tamaensis Fiorelli et al. 2016
Unr. †Peirosaurimorpha Carvalho et al. 2004
+
Unr. †Peirosauriformes Carvalho et al. 2004
+
Invalid names: Peirosauroidea Carvalho et al. 2004 [empty]
Unr. †Ziphosuchia Ortega et al. 2000
+
Unr. †Candidodontidae Carvalho et al. 2004
+
G. †Candidodon Carvalho and Campos 1988
G. †Lavocatchampsa Martin and de Lapparent de Broin 2016
G. †Chimaerasuchus Wu et al. 1995
+
Chimaerasuchus paradoxus Wu et al. 1995
G. †Labidiosuchus Kellner et al. 2011
+
Labidiosuchus amicum Kellner et al. 2011
Fm. †Notosuchidae Dollo 1924
+
Invalid names: Notosuchinae Nopcsa 1928 [empty], Uruguaysuchinae Rusconi 1933 [empty]
G. †Pakasuchus O'Connor et al. 2010
+
Pakasuchus kapilimai O'Connor et al. 2010
Unr. †Sebecia Larsson and Sues 2007
+
Unr. †Itasuchidae Carvalho et al. 2004
Unr. †Mahajangasuchidae Sereno and Larsson 2009
Unr. †Peirosauridae Gasparini 1982
Fm. †Sebecidae Savage 1951
Subor. †Sebecosuchia Colbert 1946
+
G. †Bergisuchus Kuhn 1968
G. †Dentaneosuchus Martin et al. 2023
G. †Doratodon Seeley 1881
G. †Eremosuchus Buffetaut 1989
G. †Iberosuchus Antunes 1975
Fm. †Induszalimidae Malkani 2014
G. †Pabwehshi Wilson et al. 2001 [Pab beast]
G. †Pehuenchesuchus Turner and Calvo 2005
Invalid names: Bergisuchidae Rossman et al. 2000 [empty], Bretesuchidae Gasparini et al. 1993 [empty], Wanosuchidae Zhang 1981 [empty]
Invalid names: Baurusuchoidea Carvalho et al. 2004 [empty]
Invalid names: Comahuesuchidae Bonaparte 1991 [empty], Libycosuchidae Stromer 1914 [empty], Trematochampsa Buffetaut 1974 [nomen dubium], Trematochampsa taqueti Buffetaut 1974 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Sulaimanisuchidae Malkani 2010
+
Subfm. †Sulaimanisuchinae Malkani 2010
+
G. †Sulaimanisuchus Malkani 2010
+
Sulaimanisuchus kinwai Malkani 2010
G. †Titanochampsa Fachini et al. 2022
+
Titanochampsa iorii Fachini et al. 2022
Invalid names: Cunampaia Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cunampaia simplex Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cunampaiidae [invalid subgroup], Hsisosuchidae Young and Chow 1953 [empty], Mesosuchia Huxley 1875 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Neuquensuchus Fiorelli and Calvo 2007 [Neuquen crocodile]
+
Neuquensuchus universitas Fiorelli and Calvo 2007
G. †Platyognathus Young 1944
+
Platyognathus hsui Young 1944
Unr. †Protosuchia Mook 1934
+
Fm. †Artzosuchidae Efimov 1983
+
G. †Artzosuchus Efimov 1983
+
G. †Hadongsuchus Hangjae et al. 2005
+
Hadongsuchus acerdentis Hangjae et al. 2005
Fm. †Notochampsidae Haughton 1924
+
G. †Notochampsa Broom 1904
+
Notochampsa istedana Broom 1904
G. †Orthosuchus Nash 1968
+
G. †Tagarosuchus Alifanov et al. 1999
+
Tagarosuchus kulemzini Alifanov et al. 1999
Invalid names: Stegomosuchidae Huene 1922 [empty]
Fm. †Protosuchidae Brown 1934
+
G. †Coloradisuchus Martínez et al. 2018
+
Coloradisuchus abelini Martínez et al. 2018
G. †Dianosuchus Young 1982
+
G. †Edentosuchus Young 1973
+
G. †Hemiprotosuchus Bonaparte 1969
+
Hemiprotosuchus leali Bonaparte 1969
G. †Hoplosuchus Gilmore 1926
+
Hoplosuchus kayi Gilmore 1926
Subfm. †Protosuchinae Busbey III and Gow 1984
+
G. †Baroqueosuchus Busbey III and Gow 1984
G. †Protosuchus Brown 1934
+
Protosuchus haughtoni Busbey III and Gow 1984
+
Invalid names: Lesothosuchus charigi Whetstone and Whybrow 1983 [synonym]
Protosuchus micmac Sues et al. 1996
Invalid names: Archaeosuchus Brown 1933 [replaced], Lesothosuchus Whetstone and Whybrow 1983 [synonym]
Unr. †Shartegosuchoidea Dollman et al. 2018
+
G. †Shantungosuchus Young 1961
+
+
Invalid names: Shantungosuchus brachycephalus Young 1982 [synonym]
Shantungosuchus hangjinensis Wu et al. 1994
Fm. †Shartegosuchidae Efimov 1988
+
G. †Adzhosuchus Efimov et al. 2000
+
Adzhosuchus fuscus Efimov et al. 2000
G. †Fruitachampsa Clark 2011
+
G. †Hsisosuchus Young and Chow 1953
+
Hsisosuchus chowi Peng and Shu 2005
Hsisosuchus chungkingensis Young and Chow 1953
G. †Kyasuchus Efimov and Leshchinskiy 2000
+
Kyasuchus saevi Efimov and Leschinskii 1998
G. †Nominosuchus Efimov 1996
+
Nominosuchus arcanus Efimov and Abramov 2003
Nominosuchus matutinus Efimov 1996
G. †Shartegosuchus Efimov 1988
+
G. †Sichuanosuchus Peng 1995
+
Sichuanosuchus shuhanensis Wu et al. 1997
G. †Zosuchus Pol and Norell 2004
+
Zosuchus davidsoni Pol and Norell 2004
Invalid names: Crocodilus blavieri Gray 1831 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus provencialis Giebel 1847 [nomen dubium], Kemkemia Cau and Maganuco 2009 [nomen dubium], Kemkemia auditorei Cau and Maganuco 2009 [nomen dubium], Lisboasaurus Seiffert 1975 [nomen dubium], Lisboasaurus estesi Seiffert 1975 [nomen dubium], Metasuchia Benton and Clark 1988 [empty], Microchampsa Young 1951 [nomen dubium], Microchampsa scutata Young 1951 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
S. J. Nesbitt 2011The least inclusive clade containing Protosuchus richardsoni Brown, 1933, and Crocodylus niloticus Laurenti 1768