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Crocodyliformes
Taxonomy
Crocodyliformes was named by Hay (1930) [also attributed to Hay 1930]. It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Wings et al. (2010), Turner and Sertich (2010) and Georgi and Krause (2010) and Nesbitt (2011).
It was reranked as the order Crocodyliformes by Böhme (2010) and Lamanna et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Archosauria by O'Connor et al. (2010); to Crocodylomorpha by Averianov (2001), Wings et al. (2010) and Georgi and Krause (2010); to Reptilia by Böhme (2010); to Crocodilomorphi by Hay (1930), Gauthier et al. (1989), Wu and Brinkman (1993), Molnar et al. (2002), Tykoski et al. (2002), Rogers (2003), Pol et al. (2004), Carvalho et al. (2005), Turner and Calvo (2005), Brochu et al. (2009), Sereno and Larsson (2009), Nesbitt (2011) and Hastings et al. (2011); to Crocodylomorpha by Jouve (2005), Turner and Sertich (2010), Irmis et al. (2013) and Lamanna et al. (2019); and to Solidocrania by Ruebenstahl et al. (2022).
It was reranked as the order Crocodyliformes by Böhme (2010) and Lamanna et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Archosauria by O'Connor et al. (2010); to Crocodylomorpha by Averianov (2001), Wings et al. (2010) and Georgi and Krause (2010); to Reptilia by Böhme (2010); to Crocodilomorphi by Hay (1930), Gauthier et al. (1989), Wu and Brinkman (1993), Molnar et al. (2002), Tykoski et al. (2002), Rogers (2003), Pol et al. (2004), Carvalho et al. (2005), Turner and Calvo (2005), Brochu et al. (2009), Sereno and Larsson (2009), Nesbitt (2011) and Hastings et al. (2011); to Crocodylomorpha by Jouve (2005), Turner and Sertich (2010), Irmis et al. (2013) and Lamanna et al. (2019); and to Solidocrania by Ruebenstahl et al. (2022).
Subtaxa
Crocodilus blavieri, Crocodilus provencialis, Entradasuchus, Gobiosuchidae, Karatausuchus, Kemkemia, Kemkemia auditorei, Krokolithidae, Lisboasaurus, Lisboasaurus estesi, Mesoeucrocodylia, Metasuchia, Microchampsa, Microchampsa scutata, Neuquensuchus, Platyognathus, Protosuchia, Protosuchidae, Shartegosuchoidea
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1831 | Crocodilus blavieri Gray |
1847 | Crocodilus provencialis Giebel |
1930 | Crocodyliformes Hay p. 150 |
1951 | Microchampsa Young p. 31 |
1951 | Microchampsa scutata Young p. 31 |
1965 | Microchampsa Simmons p. 49 |
1965 | Microchampsa scutata Simmons p. 49 |
1967 | Microchampsa Charig p. 704 |
1967 | Microchampsa scutata Charig p. 704 |
1975 | Lisboasaurus Seiffert p. 33 |
1975 | Lisboasaurus estesi Seiffert p. 33 fig. 27 |
1975 | Lisboasaurus Seiffert p. 39 |
1983 | Lisboasaurus Estes |
1983 | Lisboasaurus estesi Estes p. 193 fig. 54a |
1988 | Lisboasaurus Carroll |
1988 | Microchampsa Carroll |
1989 | Crocodyliformes Gauthier et al. p. 349 |
1991 | Lisboasaurus Milner and Evans |
1991 | Lisboasaurus estesi Milner and Evans |
1993 | Lisboasaurus Elzanowski and Wellnhofer p. 235 |
1993 | Lisboasaurus estesi Elzanowski and Wellnhofer p. 235 |
1993 | Crocodyliformes Wu and Brinkman p. 153 |
1996 | Lisboasaurus Buscalioni et al. p. 358 |
1996 | Lisboasaurus estesi Buscalioni et al. p. 358 |
2001 | Crocodyliformes Averianov p. 776 |
2002 | Crocodyliformes Molnar et al. p. 613 |
2002 | Crocodyliformes Tykoski et al. |
2003 | Crocodyliformes Rogers, II |
2004 | Crocodyliformes Pol et al. p. 604 |
2005 | Crocodyliformes Carvalho et al. p. 14 |
2005 | Crocodyliformes Jouve p. 324 |
2005 | Crocodyliformes Turner and Calvo p. 89 |
2009 | Crocodyliformes Brochu et al. p. 538 |
2009 | Kemkemia Cau and Maganuco |
2009 | Kemkemia auditorei Cau and Maganuco p. 241 |
2009 | Crocodyliformes Sereno and Larsson p. 8 |
2010 | Crocodyliformes Böhme p. 17 |
2010 | Crocodyliformes Georgi and Krause |
2010 | Crocodyliformes O'Connor et al. p. 748 |
2010 | Crocodyliformes Turner and Sertich |
2010 | Crocodyliformes Wings et al. |
2011 | Crocodyliformes Hastings et al. p. 1097 |
2011 | Crocodyliformes Nesbitt p. 206 fig. 51 |
2013 | Crocodyliformes Irmis et al. |
2016 | Kemkemia auditorei Chiarenza and Cau p. 13 |
2019 | Crocodyliformes Lamanna et al. |
2022 | Crocodyliformes Ruebenstahl et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subor. Crocodyliformes Hay 1930
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Fm. Krokolithidae Kohring and Hirsch 1996 [crocodile eggshell]
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G. †Krokolithes Hirsch 1985
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†Krokolithes helleri Kohring and Hirsch 1996
†Krokolithes wilsoni Hirsch 1985
Unr. †Mesoeucrocodylia Whetstone and Whybrow 1983
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Unr. Neosuchia Clark 1988
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Unr. †Atoposauridae Gervais 1871
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G. †Alligatorellus Gervais 1871
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†Alligatorellus bavaricus Tennant and Mannion 2014
†Alligatorellus beaumonti Gervais 1871
G. †Atoposaurus von Meyer 1850
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†Atoposaurus jourdani Meyer 1850
†Atoposaurus oberndorferi Meyer 1850
G. †Knoetschkesuchus Schwarz et al. 2017
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†Knoetschkesuchus guimarotae Schwarz and Salisbury 2005
†Knoetschkesuchus langenbergensis Schwarz et al. 2017
G. †Sabresuchus Tennant et al. 2016
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†Sabresuchus ibericus Brinkman 1992
†Sabresuchus sympiestodon Martin et al. 2010
G. †Theriosuchus Owen 1878
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†Theriosuchus grandinaris Lauprasert et al. 2011
†Theriosuchus morrisonensis Foster 2018
G. †Varanosuchus Pochat-Cottilloux et al. 2024
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†Varanosuchus sakonnakhonensis Pochat-Cottilloux et al. 2024
Fm. †Bernissartiidae Dollo 1883
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Unr. †Coelognathosuchia Martin et al. 2013
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Fm. †Goniopholididae Cope 1875
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G. †Amphicotylus Cope 1878
G. †Anteophthalmosuchus Salisbury and Naish 2011
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Invalid names: Leiokarinosuchus Salisbury and Naish 2011 [synonym]
G. †Calsoyasuchus Tykoski et al. 2002
G. †Coelosuchus Williston 1906
G. †Denazinosuchus Lucas and Sullivan 2003
G. †Eutretauranosuchus Mook 1967
G. †Hulkepholis Buscalioni et al. 2013
G. †Nannosuchus Owen 1879
G. †Ophiussasuchus López-Rojas et al. 2024
G. †Pinaosuchus
G. †Pliogonodon Leidy 1856
G. †Siamosuchus Lauprasert et al. 2007 [Siam crocodile]
G. †Sunosuchus Young 1948
G. †Symptosuchus Ameghino 1899
Invalid names: Goniopholinae Nopcsa 1928 [empty], Goniopholis tenuidens Owen 1879 [nomen dubium], Oweniasuchus lusitanicus Sauvage 1898 [nomen dubium], Symptosuchus contortidens Ameghino 1899 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Tethysuchia Buffetaut 1982
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Unr. †Dyrosauroidea Jouve et al. 2021
Unr. †Pholidosauridae von Zittel and Eastman 1902
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Invalid names: Macrorhynchidae Koken 1887 [synonym], Rhabdognathidae Swinton 1930 [synonym], Rhabdosauridae Bergounioux 1955 [synonym]
Unr. †Tethysuchoidea Souza et al. 2019
Subor. Eusuchia Huxley 1875
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Fm. †Aegyptosuchidae Kuhn 1936
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G. †Aegisuchus Holliday and Gardner 2012
G. †Aegyptosuchus Stromer 1933
Unr. †Allodaposuchidae Narváez et al. 2015
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G. †Allodaposuchus Nopcsa 1928
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Invalid names: Agaresuchus Narváez et al. 2016 [synonym], Lohuecosuchus Narváez et al. 2015 [synonym]
G. †Arenysuchus Puértolas et al. 2011
G. †Massaliasuchus Martin and Buffetaut 2008
G. †Musturzabalsuchus Buscalioni et al. 1997
G. †Borealosuchus Brochu 1997
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†Borealosuchus acutidentatus Sternberg 1932
†Borealosuchus formidabilis Erickson 1976
†Borealosuchus griffithi Wu et al. 2001
†Borealosuchus sternbergii Gilmore 1910
†Borealosuchus threeensis Brochu et al. 2012
Invalid names: Leidyosuchus riggsi Schmidt 1938 [nomen dubium]
Unr. Crocodylia Owen 1842 [crocodilian]
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Unr. †Alligatoroidea Gray 1844
G. †Asifcroco Malkani 2015
G. †Baharijodon Kuhn 1936
G. †Brachygnathosuchus Mook 1921
G. †Dijaquesopus Ellenberger 1970
Superfm. Gavialoidea Brochu 1997
G. †Hatcherichnus Foster and Lockley 1997
G. †Isselosaurus Filhol 1888
G. †Kuangyuanpus Young 1943
G. †Laiyangpus Young 1960
Unr. Longirostres Cuvier
G. †Machinosaurus
G. †Nihilichnus Mikulas et al. 2006
G. †Peipesuchus
G. †Pinacosuchus Gilmore 1942
Unr. †Planocraniidae Li 1976
G. †Rhytisodon
G. †Stenosaurus Wagler 1830
G. †Tienosuchus Young 1948
Subor. †Trialestia
G. †Zholsuchus Nesov et al. 1989
Invalid names: Amphicoelia Owen 1859 [empty], Archaeosuchidae Brown 1933 [empty], Asiatosuchus volgensis Efimov and Yarkov 1993 [nomen dubium], Asiatosuchus zajsanicus Efimov 1982 [nomen dubium], Batrachopodidae Haubold 1969 [empty], Bottosaurus tuberculatus Cope 1870 [nomen dubium], Brachydectes major Owen 1879 [nomen dubium], Brevirostres Cuvier [empty], Coelospondilia Owen 1876 [empty], Colossoemys Barbosa Rodrigues 1892 [nomen dubium], Colossoemys macrococcygeana Barbosa Rodrigues 1892 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus delucii Gray 1831 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus pristinus Leidy 1868 [nomen dubium], Crocodylus sinhaleyus Deraniyagala 1958 [nomen nudum], Deinosuchus rugosus Emmons 1858 [nomen dubium], Dinosuchus terror Gervais 1876 [nomen vanum], Diplocynodus sphenops Cope 1875 [nomen dubium], Emys quaternaria Barbosa Rodrigues 1892 [nomen dubium], Europaeosuchus Swinton 1937 [nomen nudum], Gavialis dixoni Owen 1849 [nomen dubium], Gavialis papuensis de Vis 1905 [nomen dubium], Isselosaurus doduni Gray 1831 [nomen dubium], Pliosaurus phosphaticus Stefano 1903 [nomen dubium], Pristichampsinae Kuhn 1968 [empty], Procoelia Owen 1859 [empty], Procrocodilia Nopcsa 1928 [empty], Pyrenodon Dujardin 1843 [nomen dubium], Thecachampsa serrata Cope 1872 [nomen dubium], Thecachampsa squankensis Marsh 1869 [nomen vanum]
Unr. †Hylaeochampsidae Williston 1925
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G. †Acynodon Buscalioni et al. 1997
G. †Hylaeochampsa Owen 1874
G. †Iharkutosuchus Osi et al. 2007
G. †Pachycheilosuchus Rogers, II 2003
G. †Pietraroiasuchus Buscalioni et al. 2011
G. †Turcosuchus Jouve et al. 2019
G. †Unasuchus Brinkmann 1992
G. †Isisfordia Salisbury et al. 2006
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†Isisfordia duncani Salisbury et al. 2006
†Isisfordia molnari Hart et al. 2019
†Isisfordia selaslophensis Etheridge 1917
Fm. †Paralligatoridae Konjukova 1954
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G. †Batrachomimus Montefeltro et al. 2013
G. †Brillanceausuchus Michard et al. 1990
G. †Paralligator Konjukova 1954
G. †Rugosuchus Wu et al. 2001
G. †Scolomastax Noto et al. 2020
G. †Shamosuchus Mook 1924
G. †Tarsomordeo Adams 2019
G. †Wannchampsus Adams 2014
G. †Yanjisuchus Rummy et al. 2021
Invalid names: Paralligator sungaricus Sun 1958 [nomen dubium], Shamosuchus borealis Efimov 1975 [nomen dubium]
G. †Susisuchus Salisbury et al. 2003
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†Susisuchus anatoceps Salisbury et al. 2003
†Susisuchus jaguaribensis Fortier and Schultz 2009
Invalid names: Cocodrylidae Stirton 1953 [empty], Dolichochampsidae Gasparini and Buffetaut 1980 [empty], Heterosuchus valdensis Seeley 1887 [nomen dubium], Pristichampsus Gervais 1853 [nomen dubium], Pristichampsus rollinati Gray 1831 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Paluxysuchidae Drumheller et al. 2021
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Fm. †Stomatosuchidae Stromer 1925
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G. †Laganosuchus Sereno and Larsson 2009
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†Laganosuchus maghrebensis Sereno and Larsson 2009
†Laganosuchus thaumastos Sereno and Larsson 2009
Invalid names: Alligatorium franconicum Ammon 1906 [nomen dubium], Brillanceausuchidae Michard et al. 1990 [empty], Goniopholis phuwiangensis Buffetaut and Ingavat 1983 [nomen dubium], Heterosuchus Seeley 1887 [nomen dubium], Ischyrochampsa Vasse 1995 [nomen dubium], Ischyrochampsa meridionalis Vasse 1995 [nomen dubium], Shamosuchus karakalpakensis Nesov et al. 1989 [nomen dubium], Shamosuchus occidentalis Efimov 1982 [nomen dubium], Susisuchidae Salisbury et al. 2003 [empty]
Infraor. †Notosuchia Gasparini 1971
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Unr. †Eunotosuchia Ruiz et al. 2021
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Fm. †Uruguaysuchidae Gasparini 1971
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G. †Anatosuchus Sereno et al. 2003
G. †Araripesuchus Price 1959
G. †Uruguaysuchus Rusconi 1933
Unr. †Xenodontosuchia Ruiz et al. 2021
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Unr. †Baurusuchia Walker 1968
Unr. †Sphagesauria Ruiz et al. 2021
Unr. †Peirosaurimorpha Carvalho et al. 2004
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Unr. †Peirosauriformes Carvalho et al. 2004
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Invalid names: Peirosauroidea Carvalho et al. 2004 [empty]
Unr. †Ziphosuchia Ortega et al. 2000
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Unr. †Candidodontidae Carvalho et al. 2004
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G. †Candidodon Carvalho and Campos 1988
G. †Lavocatchampsa Martin and de Lapparent de Broin 2016
Fm. †Notosuchidae Dollo 1924
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Invalid names: Notosuchinae Nopcsa 1928 [empty], Uruguaysuchinae Rusconi 1933 [empty]
Unr. †Sebecia Larsson and Sues 2007
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Unr. †Itasuchidae Carvalho et al. 2004
Unr. †Mahajangasuchidae Sereno and Larsson 2009
Unr. †Peirosauridae Gasparini 1982
Fm. †Sebecidae Savage 1951
Subor. †Sebecosuchia Colbert 1946
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G. †Bergisuchus Kuhn 1968
G. †Dentaneosuchus Martin et al. 2023
G. †Doratodon Seeley 1881
G. †Eremosuchus Buffetaut 1989
G. †Iberosuchus Antunes 1975
Fm. †Induszalimidae Malkani 2014
G. †Pabwehshi Wilson et al. 2001 [Pab beast]
G. †Pehuenchesuchus Turner and Calvo 2005
Invalid names: Bergisuchidae Rossman et al. 2000 [empty], Bretesuchidae Gasparini et al. 1993 [empty], Wanosuchidae Zhang 1981 [empty]
Invalid names: Baurusuchoidea Carvalho et al. 2004 [empty]
Invalid names: Comahuesuchidae Bonaparte 1991 [empty], Libycosuchidae Stromer 1914 [empty], Trematochampsa Buffetaut 1974 [nomen dubium], Trematochampsa taqueti Buffetaut 1974 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Cunampaia Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cunampaia simplex Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cunampaiidae [invalid subgroup], Hsisosuchidae Young and Chow 1953 [empty], Mesosuchia Huxley 1875 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Neuquensuchus Fiorelli and Calvo 2007 [Neuquen crocodile]
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†Neuquensuchus universitas Fiorelli and Calvo 2007
Unr. †Protosuchia Mook 1934
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Fm. †Artzosuchidae Efimov 1983
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Fm. †Notochampsidae Haughton 1924
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Invalid names: Stegomosuchidae Huene 1922 [empty]
Fm. †Protosuchidae Brown 1934
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G. †Protosuchus Brown 1934
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†Protosuchus haughtoni Busbey III and Gow 1984
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Invalid names: Lesothosuchus charigi Whetstone and Whybrow 1983 [synonym]
†Protosuchus micmac Sues et al. 1996
†Protosuchus richardsoni Brown 1933
Invalid names: Archaeosuchus Brown 1933 [replaced], Lesothosuchus Whetstone and Whybrow 1983 [synonym]
Unr. †Shartegosuchoidea Dollman et al. 2018
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G. †Shantungosuchus Young 1961
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†Shantungosuchus chuhsienensis Young 1961
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Invalid names: Shantungosuchus brachycephalus Young 1982 [synonym]
†Shantungosuchus hangjinensis Wu et al. 1994
Fm. †Shartegosuchidae Efimov 1988
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G. †Hsisosuchus Young and Chow 1953
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†Hsisosuchus chowi Peng and Shu 2005
†Hsisosuchus chungkingensis Young and Chow 1953
†Hsisosuchus dashanpuensis Gao 2001
G. †Nominosuchus Efimov 1996
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†Nominosuchus arcanus Efimov and Abramov 2003
†Nominosuchus matutinus Efimov 1996
G. †Sichuanosuchus Peng 1995
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†Sichuanosuchus huidongensis Peng 1995
†Sichuanosuchus shuhanensis Wu et al. 1997
Invalid names: Crocodilus blavieri Gray 1831 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus provencialis Giebel 1847 [nomen dubium], Kemkemia Cau and Maganuco 2009 [nomen dubium], Kemkemia auditorei Cau and Maganuco 2009 [nomen dubium], Lisboasaurus Seiffert 1975 [nomen dubium], Lisboasaurus estesi Seiffert 1975 [nomen dubium], Metasuchia Benton and Clark 1988 [empty], Microchampsa Young 1951 [nomen dubium], Microchampsa scutata Young 1951 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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S. J. Nesbitt 2011 | The least inclusive clade containing Protosuchus richardsoni Brown, 1933, and Crocodylus niloticus Laurenti 1768 |