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Taxonomy
Hominidae was named by Gray (1825). It is extant.
It was assigned to Anthropomorpha by Cope (1889); to Neopithecini by Wortman (1903); to Catarrhina by Gregory (1910); to Primates by Gray (1825), Bonaparte (1850), Kurten (1968), Kurten and Anderson (1980) and Nowak (1991); to Anthropoidea by Flower (1883), Flower and Lydekker (1891) and Brown et al. (2004); and to Hominoidea by Pilbeam et al. (1977), Andrews and Cronin (1982), Carroll (1988), Andrews (1992), Begun (2002), Kelley (2002), Brunet et al. (2002), Chaimanee et al. (2003), Moyà-Solà et al. (2004), Chaimanee et al. (2004), Harrison (2010), Berger et al. (2010), Jaeger et al. (2011) and Alba et al. (2012).
It was assigned to Anthropomorpha by Cope (1889); to Neopithecini by Wortman (1903); to Catarrhina by Gregory (1910); to Primates by Gray (1825), Bonaparte (1850), Kurten (1968), Kurten and Anderson (1980) and Nowak (1991); to Anthropoidea by Flower (1883), Flower and Lydekker (1891) and Brown et al. (2004); and to Hominoidea by Pilbeam et al. (1977), Andrews and Cronin (1982), Carroll (1988), Andrews (1992), Begun (2002), Kelley (2002), Brunet et al. (2002), Chaimanee et al. (2003), Moyà-Solà et al. (2004), Chaimanee et al. (2004), Harrison (2010), Berger et al. (2010), Jaeger et al. (2011) and Alba et al. (2012).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1758 | Homo troglodytes Linnaeus p. 20 |
| 1825 | Hominidae Gray |
| 1850 | Hominidae Bonaparte p. 1 |
| 1883 | Hominidae Flower p. 186 |
| 1889 | Hominidae Cope p. 876 |
| 1891 | Hominidae Flower and Lydekker p. 92 |
| 1903 | Hominidae Wortman p. 414 |
| 1910 | Hominidae Gregory p. 465 |
| 1913 | Pongidae Elliot |
| 1915 | Oreopithecidae Schwalbe |
| 1965 | Pongidae Simons p. 135 |
| 1968 | Hominidae Kurten p. 59 |
| 1969 | Pongidae Simons and Chopra p. 2 |
| 1977 | Dryopithecidae Pilbeam et al. p. 695 |
| 1977 | Hominidae Pilbeam et al. p. 695 |
| 1977 | Pongidae Pilbeam et al. p. 695 |
| 1980 | Hominidae Kurten and Anderson p. 355 |
| 1982 | Hominidae Andrews and Cronin p. 545 |
| 1982 | Pongidae Andrews and Cronin p. 545 |
| 1988 | Hominidae Carroll |
| 1988 | Oreopithecidae Carroll |
| 1988 | Pongidae Carroll |
| 1991 | Hominidae Nowak |
| 1992 | Hominidae Andrews p. 641 |
| 1997 | Oreopithecidae Kunimatsu |
| 2002 | Hominidae Begun |
| 2002 | Hominidae Brunet et al. p. 145 |
| 2002 | Hominidae Kelley |
| 2003 | Hominidae Chaimanee et al. p. 62 |
| 2004 | Hominidae Brown et al. p. 1055 |
| 2004 | Hominidae Chaimanee et al. p. 439 |
| 2004 | Hominidae Moyà-Solà et al. p. 1339 |
| 2010 | Hominidae Berger et al. p. 195 |
| 2010 | Hominidae Harrison |
| 2011 | Hominidae Jaeger et al. p. 2 |
| 2012 | Hominidae Alba et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Hominidae Gray 1825 [ape]
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Subfm. †Dryopithecinae
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Tr. †Afropithecini Andrews 1992
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Tr. †Kenyapithecini
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G. †Limnopithecus Hopwood 1933
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†Limnopithecus evansi MacInnes 1943
†Limnopithecus legetet Hopwood 1933
G. †Udabnopithecus Burchak-Abramovich and Gabashvili 1945
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†Udabnopithecus garedziensis Burtshak and Gabashvili 1945
G. Gorilla Geoffroy 1852 [gorilla]
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Gorilla beringei Matschie 1903 [mountain gorilla]
Gorilla gorilla Savage and Wyman 1847 [gorilla]
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Gorilla gorilla gorilla Savage and Wyman 1847 [western lowland gorilla]
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Invalid names: Gorilla (Pseudogorilla) ellioti Frechkop 1943 [synonym], Pseudogorilla mayema Elliot 1912 [synonym]
Gorilla gorilla graueri Matschie 1914 [eastern lowland gorilla]
Invalid names: Gorilla gigas Haeckel 1903 [synonym]
Invalid names: Gorilla beringei mikenensis Lönnberg 1917 [synonym], Gorilla gorilla rexpygmaeorum Schwarz 1927 [synonym], Pseudogorilla Elliot 1912 [synonym]
Tr. Hominina Gray 1825
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G. †Paranthropus Broom 1938 [australopithecine]
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†Paranthropus aethiopicus Arambourg and Coppens 1968
†Paranthropus boisei Leakey 1959
†Paranthropus robustus Broom 1938
Subfm. Homininae Gray 1825
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Tr. †Dryopithecini
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G. †Dryopithecus Lartet 1856
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Subg. †Dryopithecus (Rangwapithecus) Andrews 1974
†Dryopithecus chinjiensis Pilgrim 1915
†Dryopithecus fontani Lartet 1856
†Dryopithecus mogharensis Fourtau 1918
Invalid names: Indopithecus von Koenigswald 1949 [synonym], Rangwapithecus (Ataxopithecus) Kretzoi 1984 [invalid subgroup], Rudapithecus Kretzoi 1969 [synonym]
Tr. †Graecopithecini Cameron 1997
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G. †Graecopithecus von Koenigswald 1972
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†Graecopithecus freybergi von Koenigswald 1972
Invalid names: Ouranopithecus de Bonis and Melentis 1977 [synonym]
Tr. Hominini Gray 1825
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G. †Ardipithecus White et al. 1995
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†Ardipithecus kadabba Haile-Selassie et al. 2004
†Ardipithecus ramidus White et al. 1994
G. †Australopithecus Dart 1925 [australopithecine]
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†Australopithecus afarensis Johanson et al. 1978
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Invalid names: Homo antiquus Ferguson 1984 [synonym], Homo antiquus praegens Ferguson 1989 [invalid subgroup], Praeanthropus afarensis Strait and Grine 2004 [synonym], Praeanthropus africanus Weinert 1950 [synonym]
†Australopithecus africanus Dart 1925
†Australopithecus anamensis Ward et al. 1999
†Australopithecus deyiremeda Haile-Selassie et al. 2015
†Australopithecus garhi Asfaw et al. 1999
†Australopithecus sediba Berger et al. 2010
Invalid names: Paraustralopithecus Arambourg and Coppens 1967 [synonym], Plesianthropus Broom 1938 [synonym], Zinjanthropus Leakey 1959 [synonym]
G. Homo Linnaeus 1758 [human]
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†Homo antecessor Bermudez de Castro 1997
†Homo floresiensis Brown et al. 2004 [hobbit]
†Homo georgicus Gabounia et al. 2002
†Homo habilis Leakey et al. 1964
†Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack 1908
†Homo helmei Dreyer 1935
†Homo naledi Berger et al. 2015
†Homo neanderthalensis King 1864 [Neanderthal]
†Homo njarasensis Reck and Kohl-Larsen 1936
†Homo rhodesiensis Woodward 1921
†Homo rudolfensis Alexeev 1986
Homo sapiens Linnaeus 1758 [human]
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Homo sapiens americanus Linnaeus 1758
Homo sapiens asiaticus Linnaeus 1758
Homo sapiens europaeus Linnaeus 1758
Homo sapiens ferus Linnaeus 1758
†Homo sapiens idaltu White et al. 2003
Homo sapiens monstrosus Linnaeus 1758
Homo sapiens afer Linnaeus 1758
Invalid names: Africanthropus Dreyer 1935 [synonym], Atlanthropus Arambourg 1954 [synonym], Bimanes Gray 1821 [invalid subgroup], Cyphanthropus Pycraft 1928 [synonym], Kenyanthropus Leakey 2001 [synonym], Pithecanthropus Dubois 1894 [synonym], Protanthropus Haeckel 1895 [synonym], Sinanthropus Black 1927 [synonym], Tchadanthropus Coppens 1965 [synonym], Telanthropus Broom and Anderson 1949 [synonym]
Subtr. Panina Delson 1977
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G. Pan Oken 1816 [chimpanzee]
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Pan paniscus Schwartz 1929 [bonobo]
Pan troglodytes Blumenbach 1775 [chimpanzee]
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Pan troglodytes koolookamba Du Chaillu 1860
Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii Giglioli 1872 [eastern chimpanzee]
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Invalid names: Simia (Anthropopithecus) cottoni Matschie 1912 [synonym]
Pan troglodytes troglodytes Blumenbach 1775 [central chimpanzee]
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Invalid names: Anthropopithecus ellioti Matschie 1914 [synonym], Troglodytes niger Geoffroy 1812 [synonym], Troglodytes vellerosus Gray 1862 [synonym]
Pan troglodytes verus Schwarz 1934 [western chimpanzee]
Pithecus satyrus wurmbii Tiedemann 1808
Invalid names: Pan africanus Oken 1816 [synonym], Pan satyrus Linnaeus 1758 [replaced]
Invalid names: Anthropopithecus de Blainville 1839 [synonym], Bonobo Tratz and Heck 1954 [synonym], Chimpansee Voigt 1831 [synonym], Engeco Haeckel 1866 [synonym], Fsihego De Pauw 1905 [synonym], Hylanthropus Gloger 1841 [synonym], Mimetes Leach 1820 [synonym], Pongo Haeckel 1866 [synonym], Pseudanthropos Reichenbach 1862 [synonym], Theranthropus Brookes 1828 [synonym], Troglodytes Geoffroy 1812 [replaced]
Invalid names: Gorillini Hürzeler 1968 [empty]
G. †Lufengpithecus Wu 1987
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†Lufengpithecus keiyuanensis Woo 1957
†Lufengpithecus lufengensis Xu et al. 1978
Subfm. Ponginae Elliot 1913
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Tr. †Hispanopithecini Cameron 1997
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G. †Hispanopithecus Villalta and Crusafont-Pairó 1955
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Subg. †Hispanopithecus (Hispanopithecus) Villalta and Crusafont-Pairó 1944
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†Hispanopithecus (Hispanopithecus) crusafonti Begun 1992
†Hispanopithecus (Hispanopithecus) hungaricus Kretzoi 1969
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Invalid names: Dryopithecus brancoi Schlosser 1901 [synonym]
†Hispanopithecus (Hispanopithecus) laietanus Comella and Crusafont-Pairó 1944
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Invalid names: Dryopithecus laietanus Villalta and Crusafont-Pairó 1944 [synonym]
G. †Khoratpithecus Chaimanee et al. 2004
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†Khoratpithecus ayeyarwadyensis Jaeger et al. 2011
†Khoratpithecus chiangmuanensis Chaimanee et al. 2003
†Khoratpithecus piriyai Chaimanee et al. 2004
Tr. Pongini
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G. Pongo Lacépède 1799 [orangutan]
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Pongo abelii Lesson 1827 [Sumatran orangutan]
†Pongo hooijeri Schwartz et al. 1995
Pongo pygmaeus Linnaeus 1760 [Bornean orangutan]
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†Pongo pygmaeus ciochoni Schwartz et al. 1995
†Pongo pygmaeus devosi Schwartz et al. 1995
†Pongo pygmaeus kahlkei Schwartz et al. 1995
Pongo pygmaeus morio Owen 1837
†Pongo pygmaeus fromageti Schwartz et al. 1995
Pongo tapanuliensis Nater et al. 2017
Tr. †Sivapithecini
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G. †Sivapithecus Pilgrim 1910
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†Sivapithecus parvada Kelley 1988
†Sivapithecus punjabicus Pilgrim 1910
†Sivapithecus simsoni Kay 1982
Invalid names: Ankarapithecus Ozansoy 1965 [synonym], Palaeopithecus Lydekker 1879 [nomen dubium], Ramapithecus Lewis 1934 [synonym], Sivapithecus sivalensis Lydekker 1879 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Ramapithecidae Simonetta 1957 [invalid subgroup], Ramapithecinae Simonetta 1957 [invalid subgroup], Sivapithecinae [invalid subgroup]
Invalid names: Lufengpithecini Kelley 2002 [empty]
Subfm. †Preanthropinae Cela-Conde and Altaba 2002
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G. †Praeanthropus Senyurek 1955
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†Praeanthropus anamensis Leakey 1995
†Praeanthropus bahrelghazali Brunet 1996
†Praeanthropus garhi Asfaw 1999
†Praeanthropus tugenensis Senut 2001
Invalid names: Orrorin Senut 2001 [synonym]
Invalid names: Australopithecinae Gregory and Hellman 1939 [empty], Cercopithecina Gray 1825 [empty], Dryopithecidae [synonym], Homo troglodytes Linnaeus 1758 [nomen vanum], Oreopithecidae Schwalbe 1915 [synonym], Pongidae Elliot 1913 [synonym], Presbytina Gray 1825 [empty], Simiina Gray 1825 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available