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Stylosphaeridae
Taxonomy
Stylosphaeridae was named by Haeckel (1881). It is extant. Its type is Stylosphaera.
It was assigned to Spumellaria by De Wever et al. (2001).
It was assigned to Spumellaria by De Wever et al. (2001).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1881 | Stylosphaeridae Haeckel |
| 2001 | Stylosphaeridae De Wever et al. p. 117 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Stylosphaeridae Haeckel 1881
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G. †Dumitricasphaera Kozur and Mostler 1979
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†Dumitricasphaera elegans Bragin 2007
†Dumitricasphaera goestlingensis Kozur and Mostler 1979
†Dumitricasphaera latispinosa Kozur and Mostler 1979
†Dumitricasphaera pennata Gorican and Buser 1990
†Dumitricasphaera simplex Tekin 1999
†Dumitricasphaera trispinosa Kozur and Mostler 1979
G. Lithomespilus Haeckel 1887
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Invalid names: Lithomespilus bipolaris Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Lithomespilus hexacanthus Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Lithomespilus steinvorthi Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium]
G. †Praestylosphaera Empson-Morin 1981
G. Protoxiphotractus Pessagno 1973
G. Spongosphaera Ehrenberg 1847
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†Spongosphaera crasseptata Wang 2012
Spongosphaera polyacantha Müller 1858
Spongosphaera streptacantha Haeckel 1861
Invalid names: Spongatractus Haeckel 1887 [objective synonym], Spongosphaera induta Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Spongosphaera tritestacea Rothpletz 1880 [nomen dubium]
G. †Spongostylus Haeckel 1881
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†Spongostylus carnicus Kozur and Mostler 1979
†Spongostylus tortilis Kozur and Mostler 1979
†Spongostylus tricostatus Kozur et al. 1996
G. †Staurolonche Haeckel 1881
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†Staurolonche extensa Ruest 1885
†Staurolonche granulosum Dumitrica et al. 1980
†Staurolonche insignis Rüst 1892
†Staurolonche laterna Hinde 1899
†Staurolonche macracantha Rüst 1892
†Staurolonche robusta Rüst 1885
†Staurolonche tenella Hinde 1899
†Staurolonche trispinosa Kozur and Mostler 1979
Invalid names: Staurolonche micropora Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Staurolonche scitula Hinde 1899 [nomen dubium], Staurolonche spinigera Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium]
G. Stylatractus Haeckel 1887
G. Stylosphaera Ehrenberg 1847
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†Stylosphaera acuta Rüst 1892
†Stylosphaera hastata Campbell and Clark 1944
Stylosphaera hispida Ehrenberg 1854
†Stylosphaera magnaspina Noble 1994
†Stylosphaera obtusa Hinde 1899
†Stylosphaera quasiobtusa Aberdeen 1940
†Stylosphaera vetusta Hinde 1899
Invalid names: Sphaerostylus [synonym]
G. †Zhamojdasphaera Kozur and Mostler 1979
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†Zhamojdasphaera latispinosa Kozur and Mostler 1979
†Zhamojdasphaera proceruspinosa Lahm 1984
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: p = phylum | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 1999 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Wuchiapingian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 259.51000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 254.14 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 254.14 Ma
Collections (280 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wuchiapingian | China (Guangxi) | Staurolonche sp. (95670 95672) | |
| Changhsingian | China (Guangxi) | Staurolonche sp. (95614) | |
| Changhsingian | China (Sichuan) | Staurolonche sp. (220729) | |
| Spathian | Russian Federation (Primorsky Krai) | Stylosphaera fragilis (220621 220622) | |
| Anisian | China (Yunnan) | Spongostylus tricostatus, Staurolonche granulosum (95438) Spongostylus tricostatus, Staurolonche granulosum, Staurolonche trispinosa (95442) | |
| Anisian | Russian Federation (Primorsky Krai) | Stylosphaera fragilis, Stylosphaera compacta (220623) Stylosphaera japonica, Stylosphaera acrior, Stylosphaera canaliculate (220626) | |
| Anisian - Ladinian | Russian Federation (Primorsky Krai) | Stylosphaera imperspicua, Stylosphaera inaequata (220627) | |
| Middle Triassic | China | Stylosphaera sp. (131101) | |
| Pelsonian | China (Yunnan) | Spongostylus tricostatus, Staurolonche granulosum (220595) Staurolonche trispinosum, Spongostylus tricostatus, Staurolonche granulosum (220596) | |
| Pelsonian | Russian Federation (Primorsky Krai) | Stylosphaera compacta, Staurolonche trispinosa (220624) Stylosphaera japonica, Stylosphaera acrior, Stylosphaera compacta, Stylosphaera canaliculate (220625) | |
| Illyrian | Thailand | Spongostylus tetrapterus, Spongostylus tricostatus (130485) Spongostylus tricostatus (130486) | |
| Illyrian | Hungary | Zhamojdasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera sp., Spongostylus tortilis (153381) | |
| Illyrian - Fassanian | Slovenia | Stauracontium granulosum (54018 54019 54020 54021 54022) | |
| Illyrian - Fassanian | Italy (Veneto) | Stauracontium granulosum (96203 96204) | |
| Illyrian - Tuvalian | Hungary | Dumitricasphaera sp. (153382) | |
| Fassanian | Indonesia | Spongostylus sp. A, Spongostylus sp. B, Spongostylus tricostatus (66917) Staurolonche granulosa (66920) Staurolonche granulosa, Staurolonche trispinosum (66918) Staurolonche granulosa, Staurolonche trispinosum, Spongostylus koppi, Spongostylus sp. A, Spongostylus sp. B, Spongostylus tricostatus (66921) Staurolonche trispinosum (66919) | |
| Fassanian | Albania | Dumitricasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera trispinosa, Stauracontium granulosum (53993) | |
| Fassanian - Longobardian | Slovenia | Zhamojdasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera pennata, Dumitricasphaera trispinosa (54025) Zhamojdasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera pennata, Dumitricasphaera trispinosa, Stauracontium granulosum (54024) | |
| Ladinian | Thailand | Dumitricasphaera goestlingensis (73875) | |
| Longobardian | Slovenia | Dumitricasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera trispinosa (54027) Zhamojdasphaera latispinosa (54028 54029) Zhamojdasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera sp., Dumitricasphaera pennata, Dumitricasphaera trispinosa (54026) | |
| Longobardian | Turkey | Dumitricasphaera sp. A (130609 130613 130622) Dumitricasphaera sp. A, Spongostylus tortilis (130608 130610 130611 130612 130614 130615 130616 130617 130618 130620 130621) Spongostylus carnicus (131009) | |
| Longobardian | Croatia | Zhamojdasphaera sp. (96139) | |
| Julian | Turkey | Dumitricasphaera sp. A (130625 130638) Dumitricasphaera sp. A, Spongostylus tortilis (130629 130636) Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis, Zhamojdasphaera latispinosa, Dumitricasphaera simplex (95666) Spongostylus tortilis (130624 130632 130633 130635 130640 130641 130642 130644 130645 130646 130647 130648) | |
| Julian | Austria | Dumitricasphaera goestlingensis, Spongostylus trispinosus, Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis, Staurosphaera trispinosa, Dumitricasphaera latispinosa, Zhamojdasphaera latispinosa (95665) | |
| Carnian | Oman | Spongostylus tortilis (130126) | |
| Carnian | Thailand | Dumitricasphaera planustyla, Dumitricasphaera goestlingensis, Spongostylus tortilis (130293 130294) Dumitricasphaera planustyla, Spongostylus tortilis (130295) | |
| Carnian | Turkey | Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis, Zhamojdasphaera latispinosa, Dumitricasphaera simplex (130662) | |
| Carnian | Croatia | Spongostylus carnicus (96132) | |
| Carnian | Albania | Spongostylus sp. (53983 53988 53992) | |
| Carnian | China (Xizang) | Spongostylus sp. A, Spongostylus tortilis (96057) | |
| Carnian - Norian | Oman | Spongostylus carnicus (125370) Spongostylus tortilis (125387) | |
| Carnian - Norian | Albania | Spongostylus sp. (53990) | |
| Tuvalian | Armenia | Spongostylus sp., Spongostylus carnicus (58579) | |
| Tuvalian | Croatia | Spongostylus carnicus (96133 96136) | |
| Tuvalian - Lacian | Turkey | Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis (130681 130689) Spongostylus tortilis (130682) | |
| Tuvalian - Norian | Malaysia | Spongostylus sp. (130423) | |
| Lacian | Cyprus | Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis, Dumitricasphaera elegans, Zhamojdasphaera proceruspinosa (94789 94790) Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis, Zhamojdasphaera proceruspinosa (73854) | |
| Lacian | Turkey | Spongostylus carnicus, Spongostylus tortilis (130684 130687 130691 130697 130698 130708 130709) Spongostylus tortilis (130696) | |
| Lacian - Alaunian | New Zealand | Spongostylus carnicus (53969) | |
| Norian | USA (Oregon) | Spongostylus sp. A, Spongostylus sp. B, Spongostylus carnicus (96069) | |
| Alaunian | Cyprus | Spongostylus carnicus (94793) | |
| Late/Upper Pliensbachian | Canada (British Columbia) | Staurolonche sp. B, Staurolonche robusta (71080) | |
| Pliensbachian | Turkey (Antalya) | Staurolonche extensa (81267) | |
| Pliensbachian | USA (California) | Staurolonche sp. (87216) | |
| Early/Lower Toarcian | Slovenia | Staurolonche spp. (67146 67150 67151 67152) | |
| Early/Lower Toarcian | Japan | Staurolonche sp. A0, Staurolonche sp. A2 (51710) | |
| Middle Toarcian | Canada (British Columbia) | Staurolonche ellsi, Staurolonche robusta (71084) Staurolonche ellsi, Staurolonche sp. A (71090) | |
| Middle Toarcian | Japan | Staurolonche sp. (76521) | |
| Middle Toarcian - Late/Upper Toarcian | Canada (British Columbia) | Staurolonche ellsi, Staurolonche sp. A (71095 71096 71098) Staurolonche ellsi, Staurolonche sp. A, Staurolonche sp. B (71099) Staurolonche sp. A, Staurolonche sp. B (71094) | |
| Aalenian | Canada (British Columbia) | Staurolonche ellsi, Staurolonche sp. A (71127) | |
| Early/Lower Aalenian - Middle Aalenian | Japan | Staurolonche sp. A2, Staurolonche sp. A3, Stylosphaera sp. B, Stylosphaera sp. A (51711) | |
| Late/Upper Aalenian | Japan | Staurolonche sp. A, Staurolonche sp. A2, Staurolonche sp. A3 (54166) Staurolonche sp. A, Staurolonche sp. D, Staurolonche sp. B, Staurolonche sp. C (51712) | |
| Late/Upper Aalenian | Japan (Kochi) | Staurolonche sp. A3, Staurolonche sp. C (66916) | |
| Early/Lower Bajocian | Canada (British Columbia) | Staurolonche extensa (71116) Staurolonche sp. B (71125) | |
| Early/Lower Bajocian | Japan | Staurolonche sp. A2, Staurolonche sp. B, Staurolonche sp. C, Staurolonche sp. E, Staurolonche sp. F, Staurolonche sp. A4, Staurolonche sp. A3, Stylosphaera sp. C (51713) | |
| Late/Upper Bajocian | Japan | Staurolonche sp. A3, Staurolonche sp. A5, Stylosphaera sp. A, Stylosphaera sp. E (51714) | |
| Callovian | Italy | Staurolonche sp. C, Staurolonche robusta (47163 47164) | |
| Late/Upper Callovian - Early/Lower Oxfordian | Germany (Bavaria) | Sphaerostylus lanceola (66991 66992) | |
| Kimmeridgian | Oman | Staurolonche spathulata (125378) | |
| Late/Upper Kimmeridgian | Antarctica | Staurolonche sp. A, Spongostylus sp. B (46961) | |
| Early/Lower Tithonian | Germany (Bayern) | Staurolonche robusta (51151 81855) | |
| Early/Lower Tithonian | Antarctica | Spongostylus sp. B (46962 51827) Staurolonche sp. A (46972) Staurolonche sp. B (46963 51826) | |
| Late/Upper Tithonian | Malaysia | Sphaerostylus lanceola (69299) | |
| Late/Upper Tithonian | Antarctica | Spongostylus sp. B (46969) | |
| Early/Lower Berriasian | Philippines | Stylosphaera sp. 1 (51153) | |
| Early/Lower Valanginian | Italy | Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51779 51780 51781 51782 51783) | |
| Late/Upper Valanginian | Italy | Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51703 51704 51705 51706 51707) | |
| Late/Upper Valanginian - Early/Lower Hauterivian | Italy | Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51702) | |
| Valanginian - Barremian | Malaysia | Sphaerostylus lanceola (69300 69301) | |
| Early/Lower Hauterivian | Italy | Stylosphaera macroxiphus (49138 49139 51698 51699 51700 51701) | |
| Late/Upper Hauterivian | Italy | Stylosphaera macroxiphus (49131 49140 49141 49142 49143 49144 51792 51793) | |
| Late/Upper Hauterivian - Barremian | Italy | Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51696 51697) | |
| Late/Upper Hauterivian - Early/Lower Barremian | Italy | Stylosphaera macroxiphus (49130) | |
| Early/Lower Barremian | Italy | Stylosphaera macroxiphus (49126 49127 49128 49129 51794 51800 51801 51802 51803 51804 51805) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian | Italy | Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51799) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian | Italy | Stylosphaera macroxiphus (51797 51798) | |
| Late/Upper Cenomanian | Italy | Protoxiphotractus machinosus (77110) Protoxiphotractus ventosus (77296) | |
| Middle Turonian | Canada (Nunavut) | Stylosphaera sp. (165999) | |
| Santonian | Japan (Hokkaido) | Protoxiphotractus perplexus (96039 96041) | |
| Santonian | Russian Federation (Moskovskaya Oblast) | Stylosphaera hastata (95983) | |
| Campanian | Japan (Hokkaido) | Protoxiphotractus perplexus (96046) | |
| Campanian | Turkey (Antalya) | Protoxiphotractus sp. (90702) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian | Japan (Hokkaido) | Protoxiphotractus perplexus (95789) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | North Pacific | Praestylosphaera hastata (95806) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | Australia (Tasmania) | Stylosphaera hastata (95818) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Czech Republic | Lithomespilus coronatus (67451) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | New Zealand (Marlborough) | Lithomespilus coronatus (95844 95845 95846 95847 95848 95849) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni (95843 95885 95887 95888) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Stylosphaera hastata (95884 95886) | |
| Danian | New Zealand (Marlborough) | Lithomespilus coronatus (95850 95851 95852 95853 95854 95855 95856 95857 95858 95859 95860 95865 95867 95868 95869 95870 95872 95876 95879 95889 95890) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni (95866 95873 95874 95880 95881 95882 95883 95895) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Protoxiphotractus perplexus, Stylosphaera hastata (95897) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Protoxiphotractus perplexus, Stylosphaera minor (95905) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Stylosphaera hastata (95875 95877 95878 95892 95893 95894 95896 95900 95901) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Stylosphaera minor (95906 95907) Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Stylosphaera minor, Stylosphaera hastata (95902 95903 95904) Lithomespilus coronatus, Stylosphaera hastata (95891) | |
| Selandian | New Zealand (Marlborough) | Lithomespilus coronatus, Protoxiphotractus wilsoni, Stylosphaera minor (95909 95910) | |
| Late/Upper Paleocene | China (Tibet) | Stylosphaera minor (69734) | |
| Ypresian | Cyprus | Stylosphaera coronata, Spongatractus pachystylus (90892 90893 90894) | |
| Lutetian | Cyprus | Spongatractus pachystylus (90889 90890 90891) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Japan | Stylatractus sp., Stylosphaera sp. (236002) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Japan | Spongosphaera streptacantha (233708 233709 233711 233712) Spongosphaera streptacantha, Amphisphaera spumea (233710) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan | Spongosphaera streptacantha (233713) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan | Spongosphaera streptacantha, Amphisphaera spumea (233714) |