Also known as ETE Locality 646, Fire Member, Swartkrans - Member 3,
Where: South Africa (26.0° S, 27.7° E: paleocoordinates 26.2° S, 27.6° E)
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: 13 Member (Swartkrans Formation), Pleistocene (2.6 - 0.0 Ma)
• ETE dating method: time_unit, ETE age comment: age based on faunal evidence, approx. 1 mya
Environment/lithology:
Collection methods: quarrying
• ETE Size: both; ETE reference list: 486, 485, 483, 482, 481, 479, 478, 454, ; ETE museum list: TM
Primary reference: T. C. Partridge. 1986. Palaeoecology of the Pliocene and lower Pleistocene hominids of southern Africa: how good is the chronological and paleoenvironmental evidence?. South African Journal of Science 82:80-83 [A. Behrensmeyer/A. Behrensmeyer/M. Kosnik]more details
PaleoDB collection 21828: authorized by Anna Behrensmeyer, entered by Anna Behrensmeyer on 17.10.1995, edited by John Damuth, Richard Potts and Hannah O'Regan
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Amphibia | |
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Mammalia | |
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Manis sp. Linnaeus 1758 pangolin | |
"Aonyx capensis" = Lutra capensis
"Aonyx capensis" = Lutra capensis Schinz 1821 African clawless otter | |
Crocuta crocuta Erxleben 1777 spotted hyaena
Proteles sp. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1824 hyaena
Parahyaena brunnea Thunberg 1820 brown hyaena
Chasmaporthetes nitidula Ewer 1955 hyaena | |
Herpestidae indet. Bonaparte 1845 mongoose ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: mongoose; originally entered as "Viverridae indet."
Atilax sp. Cuvier 1826 marsh mongoose
Suricata suricatta Schreber 1776 meerkat
Cynictis penicillata Cuvier 1829 yellow mongoose | |
cf. Genetta tigrina Schreber 1776 Cape genet | |
Panthera pardus Linnaeus 1758 leopard
Acinonyx jubatus Schreber 1775 cheetah
Megantereon cultridens Cuvier 1824 cat | |
Canidae "indet. large" Fischer de Waldheim 1817 canid ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Canidae-large
Canidae indet. Fischer de Waldheim 1817 canid ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Canidae
Vulpes chama Smith 1833 Cape fox
"Canis cf. mesomelas" = Lupulella mesomelas Schreber 1775 black-backed jackal | |
Phacochoerus sp. Cuvier 1826 warthog
"cf. Tapinochoerus meadowsi" = Metridiochoerus pig | |
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Bovidae indet., Bovidae "indet. size II", Bovidae "indet. size III", Bovidae "indet.size IV", Bovidae "indet. Hippo./Reduncini", Bovidae indet., Pelea sp., Antilopini indet., cf. Gazella sp., Raphicerus campestris, "Antidorcas australis" = Antidorcas marsupialis australis, Hippotragus cf. niger, Alcelaphini indet., Damaliscus sp., Beatragus sp., Connochaetes sp., Megalotragus sp., Oreotragus oreotragus, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Taurotragus oryx, Syncerus sp.
Bovidae "indet. size II" Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size II
Bovidae "indet. size III" Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size III
Bovidae "indet.size IV" Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Bovidae size IV
Bovidae "indet. Hippo./Reduncini" Gray 1821 antelope ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Hippo./Reduncini
Pelea sp. Gray 1851 antelope
cf. Gazella sp. Blaineville 1816 gazelle
Raphicerus campestris Thunberg 1811 steenbok
"Antidorcas australis" = Antidorcas marsupialis australis Hendey and Hendey 1968 springbok ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: or marsupialis
Hippotragus cf. niger Harris 1838 sable antelope
Damaliscus sp. Sclater and Thomas 1894 antelope
Connochaetes sp. Lichtenstein 1812 wildebeest
Megalotragus sp. van Hoepen 1932 antelope
Oreotragus oreotragus Zimmermann 1783 klipspringer
Tragelaphus strepsiceros Pallas 1766 greater kudu
Taurotragus oryx Pallas 1766 common eland
Syncerus sp. Hodgson 1847 African buffalo | |
Hippopotamus sp. Linnaeus 1758 hippo | |
Equus capensis Broom 1909 horse
"Equus burchelli" = Equus quagga burchelli Gray 1824 Burchell's zebra | |
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Pedetes sp. Illiger 1811 springhaas | |
Hystrix africaeaustralis Peters 1852 Cape porcupine | |
Hominidae indet., "Australopithecus robustus" = Paranthropus robustus
"Australopithecus robustus" = Paranthropus robustus Broom 1938 australopithecine | |
Cercopithecidae indet. Gray 1821 monkey ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Cercopithecidae
Papio robinsoni Freedman 1957 baboon | |
Orycteropus afer Pallas 1766 aardvark | |
cf. Elephas sp. Linnaeus 1758 elephant | |
Procavia antiqua Broom 1934 Cape hyrax
Procavia transvaalensis Shaw 1937 Cape hyrax | |
Reptilia | |
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Aves | |
Aves "indet. size III" Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aves size III
Aves "indet. size IV" Linnaeus 1758 bird ETE number of identifiable specimens; species: Aves size IV
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Reptilia | |
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Adenota | |
"Antidorcas recki" = Adenota recki
"Antidorcas recki" = Adenota recki Schwartz 1932 |