PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Mysticeti

Mammalia - Cetacea

Taxonomy

Mysticeti was named by Cope (1891). It is extant.

It was reranked as the unranked clade Mysticeti by McKenna and Bell (1997), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Rice (2009), Canto et al. (2010), Geisler et al. (2011), Marx et al. (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Fordyce and Marx (2016), Marx et al. (2017), Berta (2017), Peredo et al. (2018), Peredo and Pyenson (2018), Geisler (2018), Marx et al. (2019), Bisconti and Bosselaers (2020); it was reranked as the infraorder Mysticeti by Bouetel and Muizon (2006), Bosselaers and Post (2010).

It was assigned to Autoceta by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Autoceta by Geisler and Sanders (2003); to Cetacea by Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Rice (2009); to Autoceta by Bouetel and Muizon (2006), Bosselaers and Post (2010); to Cetacea by Canto et al. (2010); to Cetacea by Scammon and Cope (1869), Cope (1890), Miller (1923), Kellogg (1928), Simpson (1945), Fraser and Purves (1960), Scheffer and Rice (1963), Gondar (1966), Harland et al. (1967), McKenna (1975), Whitmore and Sanders (1977), Baird and Horner (1979), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Mchedlidze (1984), Whitmore (1984), Barnes et al. (1985), Carroll (1988), Pilleri (1990), Vidal (1991), Benton (1993), Fordyce and Barnes (1994), Fordyce et al. (1995), Rice (1998), Bergqvist et al. (1999), Clapham and Mead (1999), Rice (2002), Sanders and Barnes (2002), Gingerich (2005), Mead and Brownell (2005), Bisconti and Varola (2006), Bisconti (2007), Steeman (2007), Otsuka and Ota (2008), Bisconti (2008), Boessenecker and Fordyce (2015); to Cetacea by Marx and Kohno (2016); and to Neoceti by Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Fordyce (2003), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Uhen (2010), Steeman (2010), Fitzgerald (2010), Geisler et al. (2011), Bisconti (2014), Peredo and Uhen (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Fordyce and Marx (2016), Buono et al. (2017), Marx et al. (2017), Bisconti et al. (2017), Berta (2017), Peredo et al. (2018), Peredo and Pyenson (2018), Tanaka et al. (2018), Geisler (2018), de Muizon et al. (2019), Marx et al. (2019), Bisconti and Bosselaers (2020), Fleming et al. (2022).

Year	Name and author
1829	Balaena cortesii Fischer p. 527
1844	Balaenoptera cortesii Boitard p. 444
1851	Balaena palaeatlantica Leidy pp. 308-309
1853	Rorqualus cortesii Pictet p. 387
1854	Balaena palaeatlantica Leidy p. 8
1855	Balaena cortesii Gervais p. 338
1859	Plesiocetus Van Beneden p. 139 figs. Figs 35-66, 76
1864	Mysticete Gray
1865	Rorqualus cortesii Capellini p. 11 figs. Plates 2, 3
1866	Mysticete Gray p. 61
1867	Eschrichtius leptocentrus Cope p. 144
1867	Protobalaena Du Bus p. 573
1867	Mystacoceti Flower p. 110
1868	Balaenoptera pusilla Cope p. 159
1868	Eschrichtius pusillus Cope p. 191
1868	Megaptera expansa Cope p. 193
1868	Mysticete Gray p. 1
1868	Plesiocetus cortesii Van Beneden and Gervais
1869	Eschrichtius expansus Cope p. 11
1869	Protobalaena Leidy p. 440
1869	Protobalaena palaeatlantica Leidy p. 440
1869	Eschrichtius expansus Leidy p. 442
1869	Eschrichtius leptocentrus Leidy p. 442
1869	Eschrichtius pusillus Leidy p. 442
1869	Protobalaena Leidy p. 1869
1869	Mysticete Scammon and Cope p. 14
1869	Mysticeti Scammon and Cope p. 14
1870	Mesoteras Cope p. 128
1870	Mesoteras kerrianus Cope p. 128
1870	Amphitera Gigoli
1870	Amphitera pacifica Gigoli
1871	Protobalaena Gervais p. 136
1871	Mysticete Gill p. 122
1871	Mysticete Gray p. 35
1872	Mysticete Gill p. 97
1872	Probalaena Van Beneden p. 10
1872	Cetotherium dubium Van Beneden p. 18 figs. Pl. 23
1872	Burtinopsis Van Beneden p. 19
1872	Burtinopsis similis Van Beneden p. 19
1873	Cetotheriomorphus Brandt p. 48
1873	Cetotherium (Plesiocetopsis) dubium Brandt p. 146
1873	Burtinopsis Brandt p. 160
1873	Cetotheriomorphus Brandt p. 161 figs. Plate 23, Fig. 4-8
1873	Plesiocetus Brandt p. 162
1873	Mysticete Gill p. 20
1874	Burtinopsis Brandt p. 45
1874	Cetotheriomorphus Brandt p. 45
1874	Plesiocetus Brandt p. 45
1874	Balaena brialmonti Vanden Broeck p. 198
1874	Heterocetus dubius Vanden Broeck p. 198
1875	Mesoteras kerrianus Cope p. 44
1880	Burtinopsis similis Van Beneden pp. 16-17
1880	Burtinopsis minutus Van Beneden p. 17
1880	Plesiocetus brialmonti Van Beneden p. 18
1880	Plesiocetus dubius Van Beneden p. 18
1880	Plesiocetus cortesii Van Beneden and Gervais p. 288 figs. Plate 17, Figs. 4, 5
1881	Cetotherium cortesii Strobel pp. 10-11 figs. Plate 1, Fig.3
1882	Burtinopsis minutus Van Beneden p. 80 figs. Plates 97-102
1883	Mystacoceti Flower p. 184
1885	Plesiocetus brialmonti Van Beneden p. 12
1885	Plesiocetus dubius Van Beneden p. 21
1886	Balaenoptera (Plesiocetus) Portis p. 286
1886	Balaenoptera (Plesiocetus) cortesii Portis p. 286
1887	Balaenoptera (Plesiocetus) Depéret p. 273
1887	Mystacoceti Lydekker p. 16
1887	Megaptera minuta Lydekker p. 31
1887	Megaptera similis Lydekker p. 31
1887	Cetotherium brialmonti Lydekker p. 42
1887	Cetotherium dubium Lydekker p. 42
1887	Balaena simpsoni Phillipi
1888	Squalodon serratus Davis p. 46 figs. Plate VII, Fig. 9
1889	Mystacoceti Cope p. 876
1890	Mysticeti Cope p. 610
1890	Plesiocetus Cope p. 611
1890	Cetotherium pusillum Cope p. 612
1890	Mesoteras Cope p. 612
1890	Cetotherium expansus Cope p. 616
1890	Cetotherium leptocentrum Cope p. 616
1890	Mesoteras kerrianus Cope p. 616
1891	Mysticeti Cope p. 69
1891	Mystacoceti Flower and Lydekker p. 89
1891	Megaptera (Burtinopsis) Newton p. 60
1891	Megaptera (Burtinopsis) similis Newton p. 60
1891	Megaptera (Burtinopsis) minuta Newton p. 61
1891	Cetotherium (Plesiocetus) Newton p. 63
1891	Cetotherium (Plesiocetus) brialmonti Newton p. 63
1891	Cetotherium (Plesiocetus) dubium Newton p. 63
1893	Plesiocetus Depéret p. 204
1894	Balaena simpsoni Ameghino p. 436
1895	Siphonocetus Cope p. 140
1895	Siphonocetus expansus Cope p. 140 figs. Fig. 5
1895	Ulias Cope pp. 141-142
1895	Ulias moratus Cope pp. 141-142 figs. Plate VI, Fig. 1
1895	Tretulias Cope p. 143
1895	Tretulias buccatus Cope pp. 143-144 figs. Plate VI, Fig. 2
1895	Eschrichtius pusillus Cope p. 145
1895	Cetotherium pusillum Cope p. 573
1895	Tretulias buccatus Cope p. 573
1895	Ulias moratus Cope p. 573
1895	Mystacoceti Flores p. 13
1895	Plesiocetus Flores p. 13
1895	Plesiocetus dubius Flot p. 114
1896	Cetotherium leptocentrum Cope p. 145
1896	Rhegnopsis Cope p. 145
1896	Rhegnopsis palaeatlantica Cope p. 145
1897	Mystacoceti Parker and Haswell p. 451
1898	Mystacoceti Gadow p. 44
1898	Squalodon serratus Trouessart p. 1015
1898	Cetotherium leptocentrum Trouessart p. 1071
1898	Plesiocetus Trouessart p. 1072
1898	Plesiocetus brialmonti Trouessart p. 1073
1898	Plesiocetus dubius Trouessart p. 1073
1898	Siphonocetus Trouessart p. 1074
1898	Siphonocetus expansus Trouessart p. 1074
1898	Tretulias Trouessart p. 1074
1898	Tretulias buccatus Trouessart p. 1074
1898	Ulias Trouessart p. 1074
1898	Ulias moratus Trouessart p. 1074
1898	Rhegnopsis Trouessart p. 1077
1898	Rhegnopsis palaeatlantica Trouessart p. 1077
1898	Megaptera minutus Trouessart p. 1084
1898	Megaptera similis Trouessart p. 1084
1898	Mesoteras Trouessart p. 1088
1898	Mesoteras kerrianus Trouessart p. 1088
1898	Balaena simpsoni Trouessart p. 1091
1899	Aulocetus calaritanus Capellini p. 282 figs. Plate 1
1899	Aulocetus lovisati Capellini p. 282 figs. Plate 2
1901	Balaena brialmonti Abel p. 42
1901	Heterocetus dubius Abel p. 42
1901	Probalaena Abel p. 42
1902	Mysticete Hay p. 598
1902	Cetotherium leptocentrum Hay p. 599
1902	Siphonocetus Hay p. 599
1902	Siphonocetus expansus Hay p. 599
1902	Ulias Hay p. 599
1902	Ulias moratus Hay p. 599
1902	Mesoteras Hay p. 600
1902	Mesoteras kerrianus Hay p. 600
1902	Rhegnopsis Hay p. 600
1902	Rhegnopsis palaeatlanticus Hay p. 600
1902	Tretulias Hay p. 600
1902	Tretulias buccatus Hay p. 600
1904	Mysticoceti Case p. 33
1904	Siphonocetus Case p. 45
1904	Siphonocetus expansus Case p. 45
1904	Ulias Case p. 49
1904	Ulias moratus Case p. 50
1904	Tretulias Case p. 52
1904	Tretulias buccatus Case p. 52
1904	Burtinopsis Palmer p. 148
1904	Cetotheriomorphus Palmer p. 175
1904	Mesoteras Palmer p. 416
1904	Plesiocetus Palmer p. 548
1904	Probalaena Palmer p. 564
1904	Protobalaena Palmer p. 581
1904	Rhegnopsis Palmer p. 604
1904	Siphonocetus Palmer p. 633
1904	Tretulias Palmer p. 687
1904	Ulias Palmer p. 700
1904	Squalodon serratus Trouessart p. 756
1904	Cetotherium leptocentrum Trouessart p. 779
1904	Plesiocetus Trouessart p. 780
1904	Plesiocetus brialmonti Trouessart p. 780
1904	Plesiocetus dubius Trouessart p. 780
1904	Siphonocetus Trouessart p. 780
1904	Siphonocetus expansus Trouessart p. 780
1904	Ulias Trouessart p. 780
1904	Ulias moratus Trouessart p. 780
1904	Aulocetus calaritanus Trouessart p. 781
1904	Aulocetus lovisati Trouessart p. 781
1904	Tretulias Trouessart p. 781
1904	Tretulias buccatus Trouessart p. 781
1904	Balaenoptera cuvieri cortesii Trouessart p. 782
1904	Rhegnopsis Trouessart p. 782
1904	Rhegnopsis palaeatlanticus Trouessart p. 782
1904	Amphitera Trouessart p. 785
1904	Amphitera pacifica Trouessart p. 785
1904	Megaptera minuta Trouessart p. 785
1904	Megaptera similis Trouessart p. 785
1904	Mesoteras Trouessart p. 786
1904	Mesoteras kerrianus Trouessart p. 786
1904	Balaena simpsoni Trouessart p. 787
1904	Mystacoceti Weber p. 574
1909	Plesiocetus brialmonti Dollo p. 117
1910	Mystacoceti Gregory p. 466
1911	Mystacoceti Jaekel p. 232
1912	Cetotheriomorphus True p. 3
1912	Mesoteras True p. 3
1912	Plesiocetus True p. 3
1912	Rhegnopsis True p. 3
1912	Siphonocetus True p. 3
1912	Tretulias True p. 3
1912	Ulias True p. 3
1912	Mystacoceti Turner p. 21
1914	Mystacoceti Abel p. 221
1918	Parasqualodon serratus Chapman figs. Plate VII, Fig. 9
1919	Mystacoceti Abel p. 753
1919	Plesiocetus Abel p. 753
1921	Mystacoceti Winge p. 7
1921	Plesiocetus Winge p. 7
1923	Squalodon serratus Kellogg p. 31
1923	Mysticeti Miller p. 40
1925	Mystacoceti Portis p. 14
1925	Mystacoceti Zittel p. 87
1925	Plesiocetus Zittel p. 87
1925	Mesoteras Zittel p. 88
1925	Siphonocetus Zittel p. 88
1926	Plesiocetus notopelagicus Cabrera p. 372 figs. Fig. 4
1926	Neobalaena simpsoni Oliver Schneider p. 155
1928	Burtinopsis Kellogg p. 35 figs. Table 1
1928	Cetotheriomorphus Kellogg p. 35 figs. Table 1
1928	Mesoteras Kellogg p. 35 figs. Table 1
1928	Mysticeti Kellogg p. 35 figs. Table 1
1928	Plesiocetus Kellogg p. 35 figs. Table 1
1928	Protobalaena Kellogg p. 35 figs. Table 1
1928	Rhegnopsis Kellogg p. 35 figs. Table 1
1928	Siphonocetus Kellogg p. 35 figs. Table 1
1928	Tretulias Kellogg p. 35 figs. Table 1
1928	Ulias Kellogg p. 35 figs. Table 1
1928	Mystacoceti Weber p. 389
1930	Mysticete Hay p. 571
1930	Cetotherium leptocentrum Hay p. 572
1930	Siphonocetus Hay p. 572
1930	Siphonocetus expansus Hay p. 572
1930	Rhegnopsis Hay p. 573
1930	Rhegnopsis palaeatlanticus Hay p. 573
1930	Tretulias Hay p. 573
1930	Tretulias buccatus Hay p. 573
1930	Ulias Hay p. 573
1930	Ulias moratus Hay p. 573
1930	Mesoteras Hay p. 575
1930	Mesoteras kerrianus Hay p. 575
1931	Mystacoceti Van Deinse p. 33
1936	Mystacoceti Slijper p. 540
1938	Cetotherium leptocentrum Abel p. 6
1938	Rhegnopsis palaeatlanticus Abel p. 6
1938	Mesoteras kerrianus Abel p. 7
1938	Siphonocetus expansus Abel p. 7
1938	Tretulias buccatus Abel p. 7
1938	Ulias moratus Abel p. 7
1938	Aulocetus lovisatoi Abel p. 8
1938	Cetotheriopsis calaritanus Abel p. 8
1938	Mesocetus notopelagicus Abel p. 9
1942	Plesiocetopsis notopelagicus Kellogg p. 452
1944	Balaenoptera cortesii Kellogg p. 446
1944	Balaenoptera floridana Kellogg p. 459 figs. Plate 6
1945	Cetotheriomorphis Simpson p. 104
1945	Mysticeti Simpson p. 104
1945	Rhegnopsis Simpson p. 104
1945	Siphonocetus Simpson p. 104
1945	Tretulias Simpson p. 104
1945	Ulias Simpson p. 104
1945	Burtinopsis Simpson p. 105
1945	Mesoteras Simpson p. 105
1945	Plesiocetus Simpson p. 105
1945	Protobalaena Simpson p. 105
1952	Balaenoptera floridana Sherman p. 99
1956	Mauicetus brevicollis Marples p. 579 figs. Figures 4-6
1960	Mysticeti Fraser and Purves p. 112 figs. Figure 26
1961	Cetotherium cortesii Cuscani Politi p. 9
1961	Burtinopsis similis Cuscani Politi p. 10
1963	Mysticeti Scheffer and Rice p. 9
1966	Mysticeti Gondar p. 142
1966	Plesiocetus Gondar p. 143
1967	Mioceta Deraniyagala p. 50
1967	Mioceta bigelowi Deraniyagala p. 50
1967	Mauicetus brevicollis Harland et al. p. 774
1967	Mysticeti Harland et al. p. 774
1968	Mioceta Deraniyagala p. 97
1968	Mioceta bigelowi Deraniyagala p. 98
1968	Mioceta magna Deraniyagala p. 98
1969	Mioceta Deraniyagala p. 13
1969	Mioceta magna Deraniyagala p. 14 figs. Plate IV, Fig. 8
1972	Squalodon serratus Glaessner p. 183
1973	Squalodon serratus Keyes p. 381
1973	Mauicetus brevicollis Keyes p. 390
1975	Caperea simpsoni Donoso-Barros p. 88
1975	Mysticeti McKenna p. 43
1977	Plesiocetus Barnes p. 331
1977	Mysticeti Whitmore and Sanders p. 305
1979	Mysticeti Baird and Horner p. 19
1980	Mauicetus brevicollis Fordyce p. iii figs. Table 2
1980	Mioceta Sahni and Mitra p. 43
1981	Mysticeti Thurmond and Jones p. 197
1984	Mysticeti Mchedlidze p. 5
1984	Mysticeti Whitmore p. 230
1985	Mysticeti Barnes et al. p. 26
1986	Balaenoptera minutis Deméré p. 291
1986	Balaenoptera similis Deméré p. 291
1986	Balaenoptera floridana Deméré p. 294
1988	Burtinopsis Carroll
1988	Cetotheriomorphis Carroll
1988	Mesoteras Carroll
1988	Mysticeti Carroll
1988	Plesiocetus Carroll
1988	Protobalaena Carroll
1988	Rhegnopsis Carroll
1988	Siphonocetus Carroll
1989	Crenaticeti Mitchell p. 2220
1990	Mysticeti Pilleri p. 48
1991	Burtinopsis Vidal p. 6
1991	Mysticeti Vidal p. 6
1991	Plesiocetus Vidal p. 6
1993	Mysticeti Benton p. 762
1993	Plesiocetus Benton p. 762
1993	Rhegnopsis Benton p. 762
1994	Mysticeti Fordyce and Barnes p. 428 figs. Table 1
1995	Mysticeti Fordyce et al. p. 379
1996	Balaenoptera floridana Allmon et al. p. 148 figs. Table 2
1996	Crenaticeti Cozzuol p. 324
1996	Plesiocetus Cozzuol p. 324
1997	Mysticeti McKenna and Bell p. 374
1997	Siphonocetus McKenna and Bell p. 374
1997	Tretulias McKenna and Bell p. 375
1997	Ulias McKenna and Bell p. 375
1997	Rhegnopsis McKenna and Bell p. 376
1997	Plesiocetus McKenna and Bell p. 377
1997	Burtinopsis McKenna and Bell p. 378
1997	Mesoteras McKenna and Bell p. 378
1998	Crenaticeti Rice
1998	Mysticeti Rice
1999	Mysticeti Bergqvist et al. p. 31
1999	Mysticeti Clapham and Mead p. 1
2001	Mysticeti Fordyce and de Muizon p. 176
2002	Mysticeti Rice p. 231 figs. Table 1
2002	Mysticeti Sanders and Barnes p. 353
2002	Burtinopsis Sepkoski
2002	Cetotheriomorphis Sepkoski
2002	Mesoteras Sepkoski
2002	Plesiocetus Sepkoski
2002	Protobalaena Sepkoski
2002	Rhegnopsis Sepkoski
2002	Siphonocetus Sepkoski
2002	Tretulias Sepkoski
2002	Ulias Sepkoski
2003	Mysticeti Fordyce p. 156 figs. Figure 9.1
2003	Mysticeti Geisler and Sanders p. 27
2005	Balaenoptera minutis Deméré et al. p. 105 figs. Table II
2005	Balaenoptera similis Deméré et al. p. 105 figs. Table II
2005	Plesiocetus Deméré et al. p. 105 figs. Table II
2005	Mysticeti Gingerich p. 237 figs. Table 15.1
2005	Mysticeti Mead and Brownell p. 723
2006	Mysticeti Bisconti and Varola p. 449
2006	Mysticeti Bouetel and Muizon p. 323
2007	Mysticeti Bianucci and Landini p. 45 figs. Table 2.1
2007	Mysticeti Bisconti p. 89
2007	Mysticeti Steeman p. 880
2007	Plesiocetus Steeman p. 880
2008	Mysticeti Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 981 figs. Fig. 2
2008	Mysticeti Bisconti p. 162
2008	Mysticeti Otsuka and Ota p. 12
2008	Balaenoptera floridana Uhen et al. p. 619
2008	Plesiocetus Uhen et al. p. 620
2009	Mysticeti Rice p. 235 figs. Table 1
2010	Mysticeti Bosselaers and Post p. 335
2010	Mysticeti Canto et al. p. 21
2010	Balaena simpsoni Canto et al. p. 22
2010	Mysticeti Fitzgerald p. 370 figs. Table 1
2010	Mysticeti Steeman p. 65
2010	Plesiocetus Steeman p. 69
2010	Mysticeti Uhen p. 208 figs. Figure 1
2011	Mysticeti Geisler et al. p. 6 figs. Table 1
2014	Mysticeti Bisconti
2015	Mysticeti Boessenecker and Fordyce
2016	Mysticeti Fordyce and Marx p. 108
2016	Mysticeti Marx et al. p. 4
2016	Mysticeti Marx and Kohno
2016	Mysticeti Marx et al. p. 102
2016	Mysticeti Peredo and Uhen
2017	Mysticeti Berta p. 166
2017	Plesiocetus Berta p. 168
2017	Mysticeti Bisconti et al. p. 7
2017	Mysticeti Buono et al. p. 11
2017	Mysticeti Marx et al. p. 2
2018	Mysticeti Geisler p. 631
2018	Mysticeti Peredo et al. p. 1
2018	Mysticeti Tanaka et al. p. 297
2019	Mysticeti Marx et al. p. 4
2019	Mysticeti de Muizon et al. p. 405
2020	Mysticeti Bisconti and Bosselaers p. 8
2022	Mysticeti Fleming et al. p. 3