| Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
| Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Meganeuridae
Taxonomy
Meganeuridae was named by Handlirsch (1906).
It was assigned to Protodonata by Handlirsch (1906), Handlirsch (1919), Handlirsch (1922), Carpenter (1933), Zalessky (1950), Carpenter (1960), Whalley (1980), Carpenter (1992), Engel (1998); and to Meganisoptera by Martynov (1932), Martynov (1937), Martynov (1940), Zessin (1983), Zhang and Hong (2006), Nel et al. (2009).
It was assigned to Protodonata by Handlirsch (1906), Handlirsch (1919), Handlirsch (1922), Carpenter (1933), Zalessky (1950), Carpenter (1960), Whalley (1980), Carpenter (1992), Engel (1998); and to Meganisoptera by Martynov (1932), Martynov (1937), Martynov (1940), Zessin (1983), Zhang and Hong (2006), Nel et al. (2009).
Synonyms
|
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1906 | Meganeuridae Handlirsch p. 306 |
| 1919 | Meganeuridae Handlirsch p. 567 |
| 1919 | Typidae Handlirsch p. 572 |
| 1922 | Meganeuridae Handlirsch p. 62 |
| 1922 | Typidae Handlirsch p. 64 |
| 1932 | Meganeuridae Martynov |
| 1932 | Typinae Martynov |
| 1933 | Meganeuridae Carpenter |
| 1937 | Meganeuridae Martynov p. 110 |
| 1940 | Meganeuridae Martynov p. 12 |
| 1940 | Typinae Martynov p. 12 |
| 1947 | Typinae Carpenter p. 48 |
| 1950 | Meganeuridae Zalessky |
| 1950 | Typinae Zalessky |
| 1958 | Oligotypus britannicus Laurentiaux |
| 1960 | Meganeuridae Carpenter |
| 1980 | Meganeuridae Whalley |
| 1980 | Tupinae Whalley |
| 1983 | Meganeuridae Zessin |
| 1983 | Typinae Zessin |
| 1989 | Tupinae Brauckmann and Zessin p. 182 |
| 1992 | Meganeuridae Carpenter p. 60 |
| 1998 | Meganeuridae Engel |
| 1998 | Tupinae Engel |
| 2006 | Meganeuridae Zhang and Hong p. 329 |
| 2009 | Meganeuridae Nel et al. p. 93 |
| 2009 | Tupinae Nel et al. p. 98 |
| 2010 | Tupinae Prokop and Nel p. 185 |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Meganeuridae Handlirsch 1906
show all | hide all
Subfm. †Carpentertypinae Zessin 1983
+
Subfm. †Meganeurinae Handlirsch 1906
+
G. †Meganeura Brongniart 1885
+
†Meganeura monyi Brongniart 1884
+
Invalid names: Meganeura aeroplana Handlirsch 1919 [synonym], Meganeura brongniarti Handlirsch 1906 [synonym], Meganeura brongniartiana Handlirsch 1919 [synonym], Meganeura draco Handlirsch 1919 [synonym], Meganeura fafnir Handlirsch 1906 [synonym], Meganeurella rapax Handlirsch 1919 [synonym]
Invalid names: Meganeurella Handlirsch 1919 [synonym]
G. †Meganeuropsis Carpenter 1939
+
†Meganeuropsis americana Carpenter 1947
†Meganeuropsis permiana Carpenter 1939
G. †Oligotypus Carpenter 1931
+
†Oligotypus huangheensis Prokop et al. 2008
†Oligotypus makowskii Carpenter and Richardson 1971
†Oligotypus tillyardi Carpenter 1931
†Oligotypus tuscaloosae Beckemeyer and Engel 2011
Invalid names: Sinomeganeura Prokop et al. 2008 [synonym]
Subfm. †Piesbergtupinae Zessin 2006
+
G. †Shenzhousia Zhang and Hong 2006
+
†Shenzhousia qilianshanensis Zhang and Hong 2006
†Shenzhousia readi Carpenter 1933
Subfm. †Tupinae Handlirsch 1919
+
G. †Arctotypus Martynov 1932
+
†Arctotypus carbonicus Hong 1985
†Arctotypus diluculum Whalley 1980
†Arctotypus fortis Zalessky 1950
†Arctotypus gallicus Nel et al. 2009
†Arctotypus giganteus Nel et al. 2009
†Arctotypus intermedius Nel et al. 2009
†Arctotypus merifonsensis Nel et al. 2009
†Arctotypus sinuatus Martynov 1932
†Arctotypus sylvaensis Martynov 1940
G. †Curvitupus Nel et al. 2009
+
†Curvitupus ariegensis Nel et al. 2009
†Curvitupus elongatus Zalessky 1950
†Curvitupus magnificus Zalessky 1950
†Curvitupus verneti Laurentiaux-Vieira and Laurentiaux 1963
G. †Megatypus Tillyard 1925
+
†Megatypus ingentissimus Tillyard 1925
†Megatypus parvus Engel 1998
†Megatypus schucherti Tillyard 1925
†Megatypus vetustus Carpenter 1933
G. †Permotupus Nel et al. 2009
+
†Permotupus minor Nel et al. 2009
†Permotupus ollieorum Nel et al. 2009
G. †Tupus Sellards 1906
+
†Tupus gallicus Nel et al. 2009
†Tupus gilmorei Carpenter 1927
†Tupus gracilis Carpenter 1947
†Tupus orientalis Zhang et al. 2012
†Tupus permianus Sellards 1906
†Tupus whitei Carpenter 1928
Invalid names: Paragilsonia Zhang et al. 2012 [synonym]
Invalid names: Oligotypus britannicus Laurentiaux 1958 [nomen nudum]
Invalid names: Oligotypinae Carpenter 1947 [empty], Stephanotypinae Zessin 2006 [empty], Typidae Handlirsch 1919 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
| Source: c = class, p = phylum | |||||
| References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Collections (45 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bashkirian | China (Ningxia) | Paragilsonia orientalis (140832) | |
| Yeadonian | USA (Georgia) | Typus durhami (111035) | |
| Westphalian A | USA (Alabama) | Oligotypus tuscaloosae (126587) | |
| Westphalian A | United Kingdom (England) | Tupus diluculum (105042) | |
| Westphalian B | United Kingdom (England) | Oligotypus britannicus (105060) | |
| Westphalian B - Westphalian C | China (Ningxia) | Shenzhousia qilianshanensis (102981) Shenzhousia qilianshanensis, Sinomeganeura huangheensis, Tupus orientalis (139576) | |
| Moscovian | Czech Republic | Bohemiatupus elegans (104948) | |
| Westphalian C - Westphalian D | France | Gallotupus oudardi (122504) | |
| Westphalian C - Westphalian D | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Meganeura sp. (155666) | |
| Westphalian D | United Kingdom (England) | Boltonites radstockensis (105765) Meganeura radstockensis (127035) | |
| Westphalian D | USA (Illinois) | Oligotypus makowskii (151850) | |
| Westphalian D | Germany (Lower Saxony) | Piesbergtupus hielscheri (122518) | |
| Gzhelian | France | Dictyoneura monyi, Meganeura brongniarti, Meganeura brongniartiana, Meganeura fafnir, Meganeura draco, Meganeura aeroplana, Meganeura selysii (103635) Meganeurella rapax, Meganeurites gracilipes, Meganeurina confusa, Gilsonia titana (121979) | |
| Stephanian C | Germany | Stephanotypus schneideri (111009) | |
| Asselian | Czech Republic | Stephanotypus sp. (114186) | |
| Asselian - Sakmarian | Germany (Oberfranken) | Ephemerites rueckerti (122599) | |
| Artinskian | USA (Oklahoma) | Meganeuropsis americana (104822) Meganeuropsis americana, Oligotypus tillyardi (104824) Meganeuropsis americana, Typus gracilis (104823) | |
| Artinskian | France (Languedoc) | Arctotypus gallicus (105044) | |
| Artinskian | China (Shanxi) | Arctotypus carbonicus (140458) | |
| Artinskian | USA (Kansas) | Meganeuridae indet., Typus sp., Megatypus schucherti, Megatypus ingentissimus, Typus permianus (111219) Megatypus parvus (111229) Oligotypus sp., Oligotypus tillyardi, Megatypus schucherti, Typus permianus (111217) Oligotypus tillyardi, Megatypus vetustus, Typus readi, Typus permianus (111319) Oligotypus tillyardi, Tupus sp., Tupus readi (111365) Tupus permianus (21979) Typus readi, Typus permianus, Meganeuropsis permiana (114151) | |
| Artinskian | USA (Arizona) | Typus gilmorei (123973) | |
| Artinskian - Kungurian | USA (Arizona) | Typus whitei (11150) | |
| Kungurian | Russian Federation (Perm) | Arctotypus magnificus, Arctotypus elongatus, Petrotypus multivenosus (111218) | |
| Kungurian | France | Curvitupus ariegensis (103637) | |
| Kungurian | Russian Federation (Suksun) | Arctotypus sylvaensis (116641) | |
| Kungurian | France (Languedoc) | Arctotypus gallicus (105045) Arctotypus intermedius, Nannotupus pumilio (105047) Arctotypus sp. (105048) Nannotupus pumilio (105053) Permotupus minor (105052) Tupus gallicus, Arctotypus merifonsensis, Arctotypus intermedius, Permotupus ollieorum (104990) | |
| Roadian | France | Arctotypus verneti (128570) | |
| Roadian | Russian Federation (Arkangelsk) | Arctotypus sinuatus (104993) Arctotypus sp., Arctotypus sinuatus, Arctotypus giganteus (104992) |