Where: Panama (9.3° N, 79.8° W: paleocoordinates 9.1° N, 78.4° W)
• coordinate stated in text
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: lower Gatun Member (Gatun Formation), Tortonian (11.6 - 7.2 Ma)
• thought to be "basal" in section. AGE: Late/Upper Hemingfordian-Early/Lower Barstovian in Gillete (1984). Emended to Tortonian based on more recent dating (Hendy, 2012). Sr dating for nearby sections indicates an age of approximately 11.5 Ma (Hendy, unpublished data)
Environment/lithology: marine; argillaceous claystone
•environment not discussed but clearly marine
Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils
Collection methods: bulk, salvage, surface (float), chemical, sieve,
• "site had been exposed by heavy-equipment excavations for a housing development and had lain bare to erosion for several years. Fossil teeth and bones were exposed there along with abundant molluscan remains... Approximately one English ton... of sediment was collected and screen-washed by traditional wet-sieving methods... 25-mesh screen... heavy-liquid sorting" was used
Primary reference: D. D. Gillette. 1984. A marine ichthyofauna from the Miocene of Panama, and the Tertiary Caribbean faunal province. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 4(2):172-186 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 24237: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 02.08.2002
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Osteichthyes | |
Acipenser sp. Linnaeus 1758 sturgeon | |
Reptilia | |
"Crocodilia indet." = Crocodylia
"Crocodilia indet." = Crocodylia Owen 1842 crocodilian SMU 76452 (8 teeth) (see Hastings et al. 2013)
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"Chelonia indet." = Testudines
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Mammalia | |
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Actinopteri | |
Makaira cf. nigricans Lacépède 1802 "true localition" uncertain but "presumably" the same as that of Gillette 1984
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Sphyraena barracuda Edwards 1771 barracuda | |
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Trichiurus cf. lepturus Linnaeus 1758 | |
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Lepisosteus sp. Agassiz 1843 gar | |
Chondrichthyes | |
cf. Isistius sp. Gill 1864 shark | |
Ginglymostoma delfortriei Daimeries 1889 nurse shark | |
Galeocerdo cf. aduncus Agassiz 1835 tiger shark | |
"Galeocerdo cf. contortus" = Physogaleus contortus, cf. Carcharhinus sp.
"Galeocerdo cf. contortus" = Physogaleus contortus Gibbes 1847 requiem shark
cf. Carcharhinus sp. de Blainville 1816 requiem shark | |
Sphyrna arambourgi hammerhead shark
Sphyrna zygaena Linnaeus 1758 hammerhead shark | |
Hemipristis serra Agassiz 1835 ground shark | |
"Procarcharodon megalodon" = Otodus megalodon
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Carcharodon carcharias Linnaeus 1758 great white shark | |
Myliobatis sp. Cuvier 1816 eagle ray | |
Dasyatis sp. Rafinesque 1810 whiptail stingray | |
Rhinoptera sp. Cuvier 1829 cownose ray | |
Aetobatus arcuatus Agassiz 1843 stingray |