Parent taxon: Metazoa according to S. M. Adl et al. 2005
See also Kiessling 2003 and Sepkoski 2002
Sister taxa: Bilateria, Diploblastica, Homoblastica, Hyolithelminthida, Vertebrosa, Westgardia, Kinzeriidae, Chenmengella, Persimedusites, Yelovichnus, Palaeacmaea, Goettingenia, Triradialomorpha, Kimberellomorpha, Macrocypris kayi, Trichoplax, Spygoria, Yunnanomedusa, Sentularia, Bomakellia, Limacites, Megathrix, Eumetazoa, Lidaconus, Bronicella, Dorfopterus, Yangtziramulus, Scenellopsis, Convolutubus, Silicispongea, Atalotaenia, Tentaculitoidea, Oligoopilionus, Subtilicyathus, Chondroplon, Arboreomorpha, Dictyorhabdus, Ventogyrus, Euradiculata, Muricassis, Problematica, Cnidaria, Helanoichnus, Epitheliozoa, Lazaichnus, Tetraradialomorpha, Siphonoconcha, Gephyrea, Parazoa, Erniettomorpha, Agmata, Odontogriphidae, Pentaradialomorpha, Mesozoa, Proarticulata, Bilaterialomorpha, Somatohelix, Broccoliforma, Protolyellia, Gaojiashania, Silicea, Khasaktidae, Eodiorygma, Hadryniscala, Hadrynichorde, Kuckaraukia, Xidazoon, Petalonamae, Evmiaksia, Deuteronectanebos, Lomosovis
Subtaxa: Adriatella Aetholicopalla Alasonia Aphlebospongia Archaeocyatha Asteriscosella Astrostylopsis Axiotubullina Bacatocyathus Bicyathus Bortepesia Calcarea Cassianostroma Ceraostroma Circopora Clathrispongia Codites Coenostella Coniatopenia Cornuaspongia Coronacollina Cotyliscus Cribricyatha Cribroscyphia Cuneiphycus Cupulochonia Cupulospongia Cyclospongia Cylicopsis Demospongiae Desmopora Diestosphecion Diplostomella Disjectoporidae Disparistromaria Dulmius Dulmius innovatus Dyocopanon Ellipsactinia Eocoryne Eocyathispongia Fedomia Floriana Glenodictyum Helicolocellus Heteractinida Hexactinellida Holocoelia Homoscleromorpha Lamellata Lamellispongia Limnoretheles Lithopora Megalelasma Megastroma Microcoryne Milleporidium Monotheles Myrioporina Nabaviella Nelumbosium Nelumbosium primum Oligoplagia Palaeophragmodictya Paratubuliella Parksia Pharetronida Pilosphecion Plectinia Polyactinellidae Polycnemiseudea Psephidia Pulchrilaminida Puppispongia Puppispongia prostrema Radicispongia Rauffia Reticullina Rosellatana Rugoconites Sclerospongiae Scribroporella Scyphia Shitangspongia Sinoflabrum Siphostroma Sparsispongia Sphaeractinia Sphinctozoa Spirocyathidae Sporadoporidium Steinerella Stromatofungia Stromatoporellata Stromatoporellina Stromatoporina Stromatoporoidea Stromatostroma Taraxaculum Textispongia Thalamospongia Thectardis Toriscodermia Tosastroma Tragos Trammeria Tubispongia Tubuliella Xizangstromatopora
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder