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Cenoceras

Cephalopoda - Nautilida - Cenoceratidae

Taxonomy
Cenoceras was named by Hyatt (1884) [Sepkoski's age data: Tr Carn J Call Sepkoski's reference number: 524].

It was reranked as Bisiphytes (Cenoceras) by Kummel (1954).

It was assigned to Bisiphytes by Kummel (1954); to Nautilidae by Teichert et al. (1964); to Nautilida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Cenoceratidae by Branger (2004).

Species
C. (Cenoceras), C. (Metacenoceras), C. adneticus, C. affinis, C. altisiphites, C. amorettii, C. annulare, C. arare, C. arariformis, C. aratus, C. astacoides, C. austriacus, C. baberi, C. baconicus, C. balsamocrivellii, C. belmontense, C. boreale, C. bradfordense, C. brancoi, C. breislacki, C. chilensis, C. ciryi, C. clausum, C. demonensis, C. distefanoi (syn. Nautilus affinis), C. domeykus, C. egregius, C. erycinus, C. excavatus, C. exterebratus, C. fischeranus, C. foordi (syn. C. moutierense), C. geyeri, C. heterogeneum, C. imlayi, C. impendens, C. intermedium, C. jourdani, C. julianus, C. lineatum, C. lineolatum, C. lupheri, C. majesticum, C. malherbii, C. mariani, C. marii, C. mazardrikense (syn. Procymatoceras pictonicum), C. mazzarensis, C. meyrati, C. multiseptatum, C. obesum, C. obstructum, C. ornatum, C. paretoi, C. perornatus, C. pertextum, C. pisanus, C. profundisiphites, C. pseudorugosus, C. pseudotruncatum, C. quadrangularis, C. rotundum, C. rugosus, C. rumelangense, C. schmidti, C. secernendus, C. semiornatus, C. semistriatum, C. semseyi, C. simillimum, C. smithi, C. spreaficoi, C. stoppanii, C. striatum, C. sturi, C. thiollieri, C. thyrrenus, C. toarcense (syn. Nautilus latidorsatus), C. trechmanni, C. tricarinatus, C. truncatus, C. zignoi

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1884Cenoceras Hyatt
1954Bisiphytes (Cenoceras) Kummel p. 322
1964Cenoceras Teichert et al. p. 449
2002Cenoceras Sepkoski
2004Cenoceras Branger p. 142

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
RankNameAuthor
classCephalopodaCuvier 1797
subclassNautiloideaAgassiz 1847
orderNautilidaAgassiz 1847
superfamilyNautiloidea(de Blainville 1825)
familyCenoceratidaeTinant and Kabamba 1983
genusCenocerasHyatt 1884

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Cenoceras Hyatt 1884
show all | hide all
Subg. †Cenoceras (Cenoceras) Hyatt 1884
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†Cenoceras adneticus Pia 1914
†Cenoceras affinis Chapuis and Dewalque 1853
†Cenoceras altisiphites Prinz 1906
†Cenoceras amorettii Parona 1897
†Cenoceras annulare Phillips 1829
†Cenoceras arare Dumortier 1869
†Cenoceras aratus Quenstedt 1846
†Cenoceras astacoides Young and Bird 1832
†Cenoceras austriacus Hauer 1856
†Cenoceras baberi Morris and Lycett 1850
†Cenoceras baconicus Vadasz 1910
†Cenoceras belmontense Rulleau 2008
†Cenoceras boreale Dagys and Sobolev 1988
†Cenoceras bradfordense Crick 1898
†Cenoceras brancoi Gemmellaro 1884
†Cenoceras breislacki Parona 1897
†Cenoceras chilensis Huppe 1854
†Cenoceras ciryi Rulleau 2008
†Cenoceras clausum d'Orbigny 1843
†Cenoceras demonensis Gemmellaro 1911
†Cenoceras distefanoi Gemmellaro 1911
+
Invalid names: Nautilus affinis Gemmellaro 1884 [replaced]
†Cenoceras domeykus d'Orbigny 1842
†Cenoceras egregius Pia 1914
†Cenoceras erycinus Tagliarini 1901
†Cenoceras excavatus Sowerby 1826
†Cenoceras exterebratus Crick 1898
†Cenoceras fischeranus Foord and Crick 1890
†Cenoceras foordi Tinant 1984
+
Invalid names: Cenoceras moutierense Tinant 1994 [synonym]
†Cenoceras geyeri Prinz 1906
†Cenoceras heterogeneum Simpson 1855
†Cenoceras imlayi Kummel 1954
†Cenoceras impendens Crick 1898
†Cenoceras intermedium Sowerby 1816
†Cenoceras jourdani Dumortier 1874
†Cenoceras julianus Fucini 1895
†Cenoceras lineatum Sowerby 1813
†Cenoceras lineolatum Foord and Crick 1890
†Cenoceras lupheri Kummel 1954
†Cenoceras majesticum Rulleau 2008
†Cenoceras malherbii Terquem 1855
†Cenoceras mariani Gemmellaro 1911
†Cenoceras marii Gemmellaro 1886
†Cenoceras mazardrikense Sarker 1964
+
Invalid names: Procymatoceras pictonicum Tinant 1969 [synonym]
†Cenoceras mazzarensis Tagliarini 1901
†Cenoceras meyrati Ooster 1858
†Cenoceras multiseptatum Foord and Crick 1890
†Cenoceras obesum Sowerby 1816
†Cenoceras obstructum Eudes-Deslongchamps 1878
†Cenoceras ornatum Foord and Crick 1890
†Cenoceras paretoi Gemmellaro 1911
†Cenoceras perornatus Crick 1894
†Cenoceras pertextum Dumortier 1867
†Cenoceras pisanus Fucini 1895
†Cenoceras rotundum Hyatt 1894
†Cenoceras rugosus Buvignier 1852
†Cenoceras rumelangense Weis and Schweigert 2023
†Cenoceras schmidti Giebel 1852
†Cenoceras semiornatus Crick 1898
†Cenoceras semistriatum d'Orbigny 1843
†Cenoceras semseyi Prinz 1904
†Cenoceras simillimum Foord and Crick 1890
†Cenoceras smithi Foord and Crick 1890
†Cenoceras spreaficoi Parona 1897
†Cenoceras stoppanii Parona 1897
†Cenoceras striatum Sowerby 1817
†Cenoceras sturi Hauer 1856
†Cenoceras thiollieri Tinant 1998
†Cenoceras thyrrenus Tagliarini 1901
†Cenoceras toarcense d'Orbigny 1850
+
Invalid names: Nautilus latidorsatus d'Orbigny 1843 [replaced]
†Cenoceras trechmanni Kummel 1953
†Cenoceras tricarinatus Vadasz 1910
†Cenoceras truncatus Sowerby 1816
†Cenoceras zignoi Gemmellaro 1886
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmeanminimummaximummedians.d.
shell height14265.515.5350.061.565.1
shell diameter142113.827.0610.0107.0116.5
shell inflation1427.570.00165.014.012.3

Composition: aragoniteo
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektobenthico
Diet: carnivoreo
Vision: well-developedc
Created: 2005-01-28 02:35:00
Modified: 2009-09-27 12:10:42
Source: o = order, c = class
References: Kiessling 2003, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Ladinian to the top of the Late/Upper Kimmeridgian or 242.00000 to 150.80000 Ma

Collections (170 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Ladinian242.0 - 237.0New Zealand C. trechmanni (135295)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Russian Federation C. boreale (124565)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0New Zealand C. trechmanni (137489)
Julian235.0 - 232.0Russian Federation C. boreale (166572 166681 166691 166702)
Otamitan221.5 - 212.0New Zealand C. trechmanni (137841)
Otapirian205.6 - 201.6New Caledonia C. sp. (178162)
Early/Lower Jurassic201.4 - 174.7United Kingdom (England) Nautilus striatus (84125)
Early/Lower Jurassic201.4 - 174.7United Kingdom (Somerset) Nautilus striatus (198904)
Hettangian201.3 - 199.3New Zealand C. sp. I (137843) C. sp. II (137842)
Angulata201.3 - 196.5France (Lorraine) Nautilus striatus, Nautilus malherbii, Nautilus schlumbergeri (53947)
Angulata201.3 - 196.5Luxembourg C. sp. (149756)
Early/Lower Hettangian201.3 - 196.5United Kingdom (England) Nautilus striatus (29230)
Late/Upper Hettangian201.3 - 196.5United Kingdom (England) Nautilus striatus (29233)
Late/Upper Hettangian201.3 - 196.5United Kingdom (Wales) Nautilus striatus (29234)
Liasicus201.3 - 196.5Austria C. schlumbergeri (173594)
Middle Hettangian201.3 - 196.5United Kingdom (England) Nautilus striatus (29231 29232)
Middle Hettangian - Late/Upper Hettangian201.3 - 196.5Austria C. schlumbergeri (27226)
Hettangian - Sinemurian201.3 - 190.8Austria C. schlumbergeri (38056)
Sinemurian199.3 - 190.8Austria Nautilus adneticus (173582 173583) Nautilus intermedius, Nautilus secernendus (173579) Nautilus striatus (173575) Nautilus striatus, Nautilus adneticus (173576) Nautilus striatus, Nautilus arariformis (173577) Nautilus striatus, Nautilus pertextus, Nautilus sturi, Nautilus affinis, Nautilus adneticus, Nautilus quadrangularis (173572) Nautilus sturi (173573)
Sinemurian199.3 - 190.8Tunisia C. sp. (170526)
Sinemurian199.3 - 190.8United Kingdom (Skye) Nautilus striatus (219969)
Sinemurian199.3 - 190.8Italy Nautilus striatus, Nautilus stoppanii, Nautilus intermedius, Nautilus araris, Nautilus sturi, Nautilus balsamocrivellii, Nautilus breislacki, Nautilus amorettii, Nautilus spreaficoi (173592)
Sinemurian199.3 - 190.8Germany C. striatum (28935)
Early/Lower Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6Chile C. sp. (210173)
Early/Lower Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6United Kingdom (England) Nautilus striatus (29239 29241)
Early/Lower Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6Italy (Lombardy) C. striatum (13310)
Early/Lower Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6France C. intermedium (167392 167393)
Early/Lower Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6Luxembourg C. striatum (95991)
Early/Lower Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6United Kingdom (Wales) Nautilus striatus (29236 29238 29242)
Late/Upper Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6United Kingdom (England) Nautilus striatus (227267)
Late/Upper Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6Austria C. sp. (189146)
Late/Upper Sinemurian196.5 - 189.6France C. pertextum (167400) C. striatum, Nautilus pertextus (167394)
Obtusum196.5 - 189.6United Kingdom (England) C. striatum (230410)
Raricostatum196.5 - 189.6Austria C. sp. (189151)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7France C. pseudotruncatum (167403)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7Austria Nautilus intermedius (173578) Nautilus ornatus, Nautilus egregius (173580)
Davoei189.6 - 183.0France Nautilus araris (167404 167405 167406)
Davoei189.6 - 183.0Spain C. arare (171082)
Early/Lower Pliensbachian189.6 - 183.0Canada (British Columbia) C. sp. (55595)
Early/Lower Pliensbachian189.6 - 183.0France C. annulare (167401) C. simillimum (167402) C. striatum (167395)
Early/Lower Pliensbachian189.6 - 183.0Tunisia C. sp. (170527)
Early/Lower Pliensbachian189.6 - 183.0Spain C. arare (171083) C. ornatum (171080)
Early/Lower Pliensbachian189.6 - 183.0Slovakia C. sp. (218337)
Early/Lower Pliensbachian189.6 - 183.0France (Centre-Val de Loire) C. sp. (234369)
Early/Lower Pliensbachian189.6 - 183.0Italy (Messina) Nautilus brancoi, Nautilus distefanoi, Nautilus demonensis, Nautilus mariani, Nautilus paretoi (173593)
Ibex189.6 - 183.0Spain (Aragon) C. sp. (98406 146716)
Jamesoni189.6 - 183.0United Kingdom (Dorset) C. sp. (159863)
Jamesoni189.6 - 183.0Spain C. ornatum (171081)
Jamesoni189.6 - 183.0Tunisia C. sp. (170522)
Jamesoni189.6 - 183.0Spain (Aragon) C. araris (146663)
Jamesoni - Ibex189.6 - 183.0Tunisia C. sp. (170528)
Spinatum189.6 - 183.0Serbia and Montenegro Nautilus stpoani (73350)
Early/Lower Toarcian183.0 - 182.0United Kingdom C. jourdani (175846 175847)
Tenuicostatum183.0 - 182.0Hungary C. sp. (118886)
Early/Lower Toarcian - Middle Toarcian183.0 - 175.6Canada (British Columbia) C. intermedius (53095 53621)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1France C. sp. (210861)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1Chile (Atacama) C. sp. (221805)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1Saudi Arabia Metacenoceras sp. (48715)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1Spain C. intermedium (171086 171087)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1Germany (Bavaria) C. intermedius (51807 51808 51809 51810 51818 51819 51820 51821 51822 51823 51839 51840 51842 51843 51844 51845 51846 51847 51848 51849 51850 51851)
Toarcian - Aalenian182.7 - 170.3France Nautilus lineolatus (171501)
Bifrons182.0 - 175.6Spain C. intermedium, C. semistriatum (171084)
Bifrons182.0 - 175.6France C. jourdani (167407)
Bifrons - Thouarsense182.0 - 175.6France Nautilus jourdani, C. belmontense, C. ciryi (150353)
Middle Toarcian182.0 - 175.6France (Rhone) C. belmontense, C. ciryi, C. astacoides, C. thiollieri (133652)
Middle Toarcian182.0 - 175.6Canada (British Columbia) C. intermedius (55776 59526) C. sp. (57816 57836 57875 59482)
Middle Toarcian182.0 - 175.6France C. astacoides (167412 167413 167414 167415) C. belmontense (167409)
Variabilis182.0 - 175.6Luxembourg C. sp. (141384)
Variabilis182.0 - 175.6France C. ciryi (167411)
Late/Upper Toarcian180.1 - 175.6Canada (British Columbia) C. intermedius (56405)
Late/Upper Toarcian180.1 - 175.6France (Rhone) C. toarcense (140483)
Late/Upper Toarcian180.1 - 175.6France C. thiollieri (167439) C. toarcense (167440 167441 167442 167443)
Thouarsense180.1 - 175.6France C. ciryi (167410) C. jourdani (167408)
Late/Upper Toarcian - Aalenian180.1 - 170.3Italy Nautilus excavatus, Nautilus lutatii, Nautilus marii, Nautilus zignoi, Nautilus mazzarensis, Nautilus erycinus, Nautilus thyrrenus (171174)
Late/Upper Toarcian - Aalenian180.1 - 170.3France Nautilus lineatus (51501)
Concavum175.6 - 171.6United Kingdom Nautilus bradfordensis (171166)
Early/Lower Aalenian175.6 - 171.6Germany C. sp. (59462)
Early/Lower Aalenian175.6 - 171.6France (Rhone) C. majesticum, C. smithi (140481)
Late/Upper Aalenian175.6 - 171.6USA (Alaska) Bisiphytes imlayi (180720)
Murchisonae175.6 - 171.6Luxembourg C. sp. (141471)
Murchisonae175.6 - 171.6France C. lineolatum (167447) C. multiseptatum, C. lineatum, C. bradfordense, C. obstructum, C. lineolatum (167446)
Opalinum175.6 - 171.6France C. lineatum (167444) C. majesticum, C. lineatum (167445)
Scissum175.6 - 171.6Spain C. sp. (171085)
Aalenian - Bajocian174.1 - 168.3United Kingdom Nautilus lineolatus (171499 171500)
Early/Lower Bajocian171.6 - 168.4USA (Alaska) Bisiphytes imlayi (175622)
Early/Lower Bajocian171.6 - 168.4Australia (Western Australia) Nautilus perornatus (171208)
Humphresianum171.6 - 168.4Germany (Baden-Württemberg) C. rumelangense (231948)
Humphresianum171.6 - 168.4France C. obesum, C. foordi (167448)
Humphresianum171.6 - 168.4Luxembourg C. rumelangense (224070 231949 231950 231951)
Discites171.6 - 167.7United Kingdom Nautilus bradfordensis, Nautilus exiguus, Nautilus impendens, Nautilus exterebratus, Nautilus semiornatus (171167)
Discites171.6 - 167.7USA (Oregon) Bisiphytes lupheri (180721)
Parkinsoni171.6 - 167.7United Kingdom Nautilus obstructus (171168)
Bajocian170.3 - 168.3Saudi Arabia Metacenoceras sp. (48085 48112 48136)
Bathonian168.3 - 166.1Saudi Arabia C. sp. (48314) Metacenoceras sp. (48307) Metacenoceras sp., Metacenoceras multiseptatum (48299)
Late/Upper Bathonian167.7 - 164.7France (Deux-Sèvres) C. nov. sp., C. baberi (167337)
Callovian166.1 - 163.5Saudi Arabia Metacenoceras sp. (48537)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3United Kingdom (England) C. sp. (2104)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany (Baden-Württemberg) C. sp. (154138)