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Spalacotheriidae
Taxonomy
Spalacotheriidae was named by Marsh (1887). It is not extant. It was considered monophyletic by Sweetman (2008).
It was reranked as the subfamily Spalacotheriinae by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Mammalia by Marsh (1887); to Polyprotodontia by Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Marsupialia by Lydekker (1894); to Triconodontidae by Hay (1902); to Symmetrodonta by Simpson (1925), Simpson (1928), Simpson (1929), Clemens (1963), Clemens and Lees (1971), Cassiliano and Clemens (1979), McKenna and Bell (1997), Cifelli and Madsen (1999); to Symmetrodonta by Archibald and Averianov (2005); to Spalacotherioidea by Averianov (2002), Li and Luo (2006), Sweetman (2008); and to Trechnotheria by Kielan-Jaworowska et al. (2004), Gao et al. (2010), Cifelli et al. (2014).
It was reranked as the subfamily Spalacotheriinae by Hay (1902).
It was assigned to Mammalia by Marsh (1887); to Polyprotodontia by Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Marsupialia by Lydekker (1894); to Triconodontidae by Hay (1902); to Symmetrodonta by Simpson (1925), Simpson (1928), Simpson (1929), Clemens (1963), Clemens and Lees (1971), Cassiliano and Clemens (1979), McKenna and Bell (1997), Cifelli and Madsen (1999); to Symmetrodonta by Archibald and Averianov (2005); to Spalacotherioidea by Averianov (2002), Li and Luo (2006), Sweetman (2008); and to Trechnotheria by Kielan-Jaworowska et al. (2004), Gao et al. (2010), Cifelli et al. (2014).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1887 | Spalacotheriidae Marsh |
| 1891 | Spalacotheriidae Flower and Lydekker p. 89 |
| 1894 | Spalacotheriidae Lydekker p. 275 |
| 1902 | Spalacotheriinae Hay p. 567 |
| 1925 | Spalacotheriidae Simpson p. 569 |
| 1928 | Spalacotheriidae Simpson p. 98 |
| 1929 | Spalacotheriidae Simpson p. 38 |
| 1963 | Spalacotheriidae Clemens |
| 1971 | Spalacotheriidae Clemens and Lees p. 124 |
| 1979 | Spalacotheriidae Cassiliano and Clemens p. 151 |
| 1997 | Spalacotheriidae McKenna and Bell |
| 1999 | Spalacotheriidae Cifelli and Madsen p. 173 |
| 2002 | Spalacotheriidae Averianov p. 714 |
| 2004 | Spalacotheriidae Kielan-Jaworowska et al. pp. 345, 366 |
| 2005 | Spalacotheriidae Archibald and Averianov |
| 2006 | Spalacotheriidae Li and Luo p. 195 |
| 2008 | Spalacotheriidae Sweetman |
| 2010 | Spalacotheriidae Gao et al. |
| 2014 | Spalacotheriidae Cifelli et al. fig. 7 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Spalacotheriidae Marsh 1887
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G. †Peralestes Owen 1871
Subfm. †Spalacolestinae Cifelli and Madsen 1999
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G. †Spalacolestes Cifelli and Madsen 1999
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†Spalacolestes cretulablatta Cifelli and Madsen 1999
†Spalacolestes inconcinnus Cifelli and Madsen 1999
G. †Spalacotheridium Cifelli 1990
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†Spalacotheridium mckennai Cifelli 1990
†Spalacotheridium noblei Cifelli and Madsen 1999
G. †Symmetrodontoides Fox 1976
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†Symmetrodontoides foxi Cifelli and Madsen 1986
†Symmetrodontoides oligodontos Cifelli 1990
Invalid names: Mictodon Fox 1984 [synonym]
G. †Spalacotherium Owen 1854
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†Spalacotherium evansae Ensom and Sigogneau-Russell 2000
†Spalacotherium henkeli Krebs 1985
†Spalacotherium hookeri Gill 2004
†Spalacotherium taylori Clemens and Lees 1971
†Spalacotherium tricuspis Owen 1854
G. †Symmetrolestes Tsubamoto and Rougier 2004
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†Symmetrolestes parvus Tsubamoto and Rougier 2004
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class, subp = subphylum, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade | |||||
| References: Luo et al. 2003, Carroll 1988, Hopson 1973, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range: base of the Kimmeridgian to the top of the Judithian or 154.80000 to 72.20000 Ma
Collections (52 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kimmeridgian - Tithonian | USA (Utah) | Spalacotheriidae indet. (53035) | |
| Early/Lower Berriasian | United Kingdom (England) | Spalacotherium tricuspidens (105966) | |
| Early/Lower Berriasian - Middle Berriasian | United Kingdom (England) | Spalacotherium evansae (28995) Spalacotherium evansae, Spalacotherium sp. (28401) | |
| Early/Lower Berriasian - Middle Berriasian | France (Poitou-Charentes) | Spalacotherium evansae (61930) | |
| Berriasian | United Kingdom (England) | Spalacotherium sp. (77058) | |
| Berriasian | France (Poitou-Charentes) | Spalacotherium evansae (142093) | |
| Middle Berriasian | United Kingdom (England) | Spalacotherium evansae (122769) Spalacotherium hookeri (123573) Spalacotherium tricuspidens, Peralestes longirostris (72142) | |
| Late/Upper Berriasian - Late/Upper Valanginian | USA (South Dakota) | Infernolestes rougieri (135449) | |
| Early/Lower Valanginian | United Kingdom (England) | Spalacotherium tricuspidens (102993) | |
| Late/Upper Valanginian | United Kingdom (England) | Spalacotherium tricuspidens (119006) | |
| Late/Upper Hauterivian - Early/Lower Barremian | Spain (Aragón) | Aliaga molinesis (84213) | |
| Barremian | United Kingdom (England) | Yaverlestes gassoni (101090 101091 101092) | |
| Early/Lower Barremian | Spain (Teruel) | Spalacotherium henkeli (36365) | |
| Early/Lower Barremian - Late/Upper Barremian | Spain (Castilla-La Mancha) | Spalacotheriidae indet. (228969) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian | Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) | Cifellitherium suderlandicum (152548) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian - Early/Lower Aptian | China (Liaoning) | Akidolestes cifelli (13937) | |
| Aptian | China (Liaoning) | Lactodens sheni (79518) | |
| Aptian | Japan (Fukui) | Symmetrolestes parvus (74904) | |
| Aptian - Albian | China (Liaoning) | Heishanlestes changi (36971) | |
| Aptian - Albian | USA (Wyoming) | Spalacotheriidae indet. (137577) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | USA (Texas) | Spalacotheroides bridwelli (14388) | |
| Albian | USA (Arkansas) | Spalacolestinae indet. (222851) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | USA (Utah) | Spalacolestes cretulablatta, Spalacotheridium noblei (14398 14399 14400 14403) Spalacotheridium noblei (14402 14407) Spalacotheriidae indet., Spalacolestes cretulablatta, Spalacolestes inconcinnus, Spalacotheridium noblei (14405) Spalacotheriidae indet., Symmetrodonta indet., Symmetrodonta indet. (14396) | |
| Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian | USA (Utah) | Spalacotheriidae indet. (73432) | |
| Late/Upper Turonian | USA (Utah) | Spalacotheriidae indet. (14415) | |
| Middle Turonian | USA (Utah) | Symmetrodontoides oligodontos (14416) | |
| Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian | Uzbekistan (Navoi) | Shalbaatar bakht (46959) | |
| Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian | USA (Utah) | Spalacotheridium mckennai, Spalacotheriidae indet. (14414) | |
| Late/Upper Turonian - Coniacian | Uzbekistan (Navoi) | Shalbaatar sp. (123485) | |
| Coniacian - Santonian | USA (Utah) | Symmetrodontoides sp. (14389) | |
| Late/Upper Santonian | Canada (Alberta) | Mictodon simpsoni (14428) Symmetrodontoides canadensis (14425) | |
| Santonian | USA (Montana) | Spalacotheridium mckennai, Symmetrodontoides canadensis (181582) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian | USA (Utah) | Symmetrodontoides foxi (14429 75839 75840 75845) Symmetrodontoides sp., Symmetrodontoides foxi (14421) | |
| Judithian | USA (Utah) | Symmetrodontoides foxi (14474) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Utah) | Picopsis sp. (14466) |