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Protozoa
Taxonomy
Protozoa was named by Goldfuss (1820) [also said to be 1817 or 1820]. It is extant.
It was reranked as the phylum Protozoa by von Siebold (1845) and Owen (1860).
It was assigned to Life by Owen (1860); to Animalia by von Siebold (1845), Cavalier-Smith (1993); to Eukaryota by Blackwell (2004); and to Eukaryota by Ruggiero et al. (2015).
It was reranked as the phylum Protozoa by von Siebold (1845) and Owen (1860).
It was assigned to Life by Owen (1860); to Animalia by von Siebold (1845), Cavalier-Smith (1993); to Eukaryota by Blackwell (2004); and to Eukaryota by Ruggiero et al. (2015).
Subtaxa
Entered
by C. Cervato on 2006-02-09; modified by M. Uhen on 2023-07-11
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1820 | Protozoa Goldfuss |
| 1845 | Protozoa von Siebold |
| 1860 | Protozoa Owen |
| 1993 | Protozoa Cavalier-Smith |
| 2004 | Protozoa Blackwell p. 274 |
| 2015 | Protozoa Ruggiero et al. p. 15 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Cl. Protozoa Goldfuss 1820
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Fm. Entamoebidae Chatton 1925
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Unr. Eozoa
+
Unr. Euglenozoa
+
Or. Kinetoplastida Honigberg 1961
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Invalid names: Euglenoidea [empty], Symbiontida [empty]
Unr. Excavata
+
G. Malawimonas O'Kelly and Nerad 1999
Invalid names: Fornicata [empty], Heterolobosea [empty], Jakobida [empty], Metamonada [empty], Parabasalia [empty], Preaxostyla [empty]
G. Microcetella Aescht 2001
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Microcetella lappus Orpin and Mathiesen 1986
Invalid names: Microcetus Orpin and Mathiesen 1986 [objective synonym]
G. Perispira Stein 1859
Cl. Rhizopodea von Siebold 1845
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G. †Acanthochitina
G. †Alpenachitina
G. †Amphorachitina
G. †Ancyrochitina
G. †Angochitina
G. †Anthochitina
G. †Bursachitina
G. †Cingulochitina
G. †Cladochitina
G. †Clathrochitina
G. †Clavachitina
G. †Coronochitina
G. †Cyathochitina
G. †Cylindrochitina
G. †Desmochitina
G. †Earlachitina
G. †Eisenackitina
G. †Eremochitina
G. †Euconchitina
G. †Euconochitina Taugourdeau 1966
G. †Fustichitina
G. †Gotlandochitina
Ph. †Granuloreticulosa de Saedeleer 1934
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G. Lampas Montfort 1810
Invalid names: Athalamida [empty], Labyrinthulida [empty]
G. †Halochitina
G. †Hercochitina
G. †Hetcochitina
G. †Jenkinochitina
G. †Kalochitina
G. †Lagenochitina
G. †Laufeldochitina Paris 1981
G. †Linochitina
G. †Margachitina
G. †Muscochitina
G. †Ollachitina
G. †Parisochitina
G. †Pistillachitina
G. †Plectochitina
G. †Pogonochitina
G. †Pterochitina
G. †Ramochitina
G. †Rhabdochitina
G. †Sagenachitina
G. †Salopochitina
G. †Siphonochitina
G. †Sphaerochitina
G. †Spinachitina
G. †Tanuchitina
G. †Urochitina
G. †Velatachitina
Subph. Sarcodina Schmarda 1871
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Cl. Reticularea Lankester 1885
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Subcl. Radiolaria Müller 1858 [radiolarian]
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G. Actinommura Haeckel 1887
G. †Anthocyrtium Haeckel 1887
Superfm. Archipiliacea Haeckel 1881
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Fm. Artophormidae Haeckel 1881
Fm. Aulosphaeridae Haeckel 1862
Fm. Sethophatnidae Haeckel 1881
Fm. Stichoperidae Haeckel 1881
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Invalid names: Podocampida Haeckel 1887 [synonym], Stichocyrtida Haeckel 1881 [synonym], Stichopiliidae Frizzell 1951 [synonym], Tetracyrtida Haeckel 1881 [synonym], Triacartidae Campbell 1954 [synonym]
G. †Cancellientactinia Obut and Shcherbanenko 2008
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†Cancellientactinia acifera Obut and Shcherbanenko 2008
G. †Cavasphaera Won and Iams 2015
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†Cavasphaera diversa Won and Iams 2015
†Cavasphaera inaequalis Won and Iams 2015
Superfm. Challengeriacea Murray 1876
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G. Clathrocircus Haeckel 1882
G. Clathrocorona Haeckel 1882
Or. Collodaria Haeckel 1881
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Fm. Collosphaeridae Müller 1858
G. Siphonosphaera Müller 1858
Fm. Sphaerozoidae Haeckel 1862
Fm. Thalassosphaeridae Haeckel 1862
G. †Copiconica
G. Cornutellium Haeckel 1882
G. †Cromyatractus Haeckel 1887
G. Cromyechinus Haeckel 1882
G. †Cubosphaera Deflandre and Deflandre-Rigaud 1958
G. †Cyrtophormis Haeckel 1887
G. Dictyocodon Haeckel 1882
G. Dipospyris Haeckel 1887
G. Drymyomma Jørgensen 1900
Superfm. Ethmosphaeracea Haeckel 1862
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Fm. Actinommidae Haeckel 1862
Fm. Ethmosphaeridae Haeckel 1862
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Invalid names: Cenosphaeridae Deflandre 1952 [synonym], Liosphaeridae Campbell 1954 [synonym]
Fm. Triposphaeridae Vinassa de Regny 1898
G. Euphysetta Cleve 1898
G. †Guttacapsa Squinabol 1903
G. †Gyrosphaera Noble and Maletz 2000
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†Gyrosphaera cavea Jones and Noble 2006
†Gyrosphaera primigena Umeda and Suzuki 2005
†Gyrosphaera raneatela Noble and Maletz 2000
†Gyrosphaera siljanensis Noble and Maletz 2000
G. †Hataina Huang 1967
G. †Heliaster Hollande and Enjumet 1960
G. Heliosestilla Haeckel 1887
G. †Labyrinthosphaera Noble and Maletz 2000
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†Labyrinthosphaera lancia Jones and Noble 2006
†Labyrinthosphaera lenzi Jones and Noble 2006
†Labyrinthosphaera macdonaldi Noble and Maletz 2000
G. Lithamphora Popofsky 1908
G. Lithocampium Haeckel 1882
G. Lithopilium Popofsky 1913
G. Lithotympanium Haeckel 1882
G. †Lynchnocanella Clark and Campbell 1942
G. †Neoaspiculum Won and Iams 2011
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†Neoaspiculum amplum Won and Iams 2011
†Neoaspiculum cancellium Won and Iams 2011
†Neoaspiculum echinatum Won and Iams 2015
†Neoaspiculum headense Won and Iams 2011
†Neoaspiculum laxum Won and Iams 2011
†Neoaspiculum maletziana Won and Iams 2015
†Neoaspiculum transformum Won and Iams 2011
G. †Nyfrieslandia Maletz and Bruton 2007
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†Nyfrieslandia complicata Maletz and Bruton 2007
†Nyfrieslandia crassispinosa Won and Iams 2013
†Nyfrieslandia sphaeroidea Maletz and Bruton 2007
G. †Palhindeolithus Deflandre 1973
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†Palhindeolithus ambiguus Deflandre 1973
†Palhindeolithus bibiceps Li 1995
†Palhindeolithus bitrispinosus Deflandre 1973
†Palhindeolithus cnidus Li 1995
†Palhindeolithus diductus Deflandre 1973
†Palhindeolithus ditetrablastus Li 1995
†Palhindeolithus octostyla Dumitrica 1982
†Palhindeolithus paululus Dumitrica 1982
†Palhindeolithus pulcher Deflandre 1973
†Palhindeolithus triassicus Dumitrica 1982
G. Panartus Haeckel 1887
G. †Parafollicucullinoides Xiao et al. 2021
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†Parafollicucullinoides globosus Xiao et al. 2021
†Parafollicucullinoides yanaharensis Xiao et al. 2021
G. Peridium Haeckel 1887
G. †Plagoniscus Hinde
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Invalid names: Plagoniscus colligatus Hinde 1899 [nomen dubium], Plagoniscus cristatus Hinde 1899 [nomen dubium], Plagoniscus simplex Hinde 1899 [nomen dubium], Plagoniscus vetustus Hinde 1899 [nomen dubium]
Superor. Polycystina Ehrenberg 1838
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Superfm. Actinommacea Haeckel 1862
Or. †Albaillellaria Deflandre 1953
Or. †Archaeospicularia Dumitrica et al. 2000
Or. †Entactinaria Kozur and Mostler 1982
Or. †Latentifistularia Caridroit et al. 1999
G. †Protobiramus Won and Below 1999
G. †Praespongocoelia Noble
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†Praespongocoelia fusiforma Noble 1994
†Praespongocoelia robusta Umeda 1997
G. Protocystis Wallich 1862
G. †Prunulum Rüst
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Invalid names: Prunulum armeniacum Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Prunulum murrayi Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium]
G. †Pseudostaurosphaera Krasheninnikov 1960
G. †Retientactinosphaera Afanasieva 2011
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†Retientactinosphaera clavata Afanasieva 2011
†Retientactinosphaera magnifica Afanasieva 2011
G. †Sanctipaulelum Won and Iams 2015
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†Sanctipaulelum biglobosum Won and Iams 2015
†Sanctipaulelum contractum Won and Iams 2015
†Sanctipaulelum indivisum Won and Iams 2015
†Sanctipaulelum inusitata Won and Iams 2015
†Sanctipaulelum pingue Won and Iams 2015
†Sanctipaulelum superpingue Won and Iams 2015
G. †Saturnulus Haeckel 1879
G. Sethocorys Haeckel 1882
G. Soreuma Haeckel 1882
G. †Spongodruppa Rüst
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Invalid names: Spongodruppa ornithopus Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Spongodruppa triradiata Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium]
G. Stichopilidium Haeckel 1887
G. Stichopodium Haeckel 1882
G. Stichopterygium Haeckel 1882
G. †Stomatosphaera Dreyer 1889
G. †Tepka Sanfilippo et al. 1973
G. Tessarastrum Haeckel 1887
G. Tessarospyris Haeckel 1882
G. Tetracorethra Haeckel 1882
G. Thalassoplancta Haeckel
G. Thamnospyris Haeckel 1882
G. Theoconus Haeckel 1887
G. Trigonactinium Haeckel 1887
G. †Veles Sugiyama 1997
G. Zygospyris Haeckel 1887
Invalid names: Carposphaeridium Chapman 1923 [nomen dubium], Caryosphaera [nomen dubium], Cenellipsis [nomen dubium], Cenodiscus [nomen dubium], Ceratoclathrulum Deflandre 1960 [nomen nudum], Cessipylorum [nomen nudum], Choenicosphaera Ruedemann and Wilson 1936 [nomen dubium], Clavata Feng 1992 [nomen dubium], Cornutanna Rüst 1892 [nomen dubium], Diploplegma Hinde 1890 [nomen dubium], Ectoactinia Liu 1992 [nomen dubium], Ehrenbergia Liu 1995 [nomen dubium], Guangxitrisphaera Wang and Kuang 1993 [nomen dubium], Helminentactinia Li 1991 [nomen dubium], Hemisphaera Li 1995 [nomen nudum], Litheliacea Haeckel 1862 [empty], Lithocannosphaeropsis Deflandre 1960 [nomen dubium], Palaeolithochytris Li 1995 [nomen dubium], Palamphimorphium Ters and Deflandre 1966 [nomen nudum], Paleocenosphaera Nazarov 1973 [nomen dubium], Papinochium Ters and Deflandre 1966 [nomen nudum]
Invalid names: Heliozoia [empty]
Unr. Sarcomastigota
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Unr. Amoebozoa
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Subph. Lobosa Carpenter 1861
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Or. Arcellinida Kent 1880
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Superfm. Arcellacea Ehrenberg 1832
Superfm. Cryptodifflugiacea Jung 1942
G. Nebela Leidy 1875
Invalid names: Amoebida [empty], Mycetozoida [empty]
G. Pelomyxa Greef 1874
Invalid names: Acanthamoebidae [empty], Conosa [empty], Entamoebida [empty], Flabellinea [empty], Mastigamoebidae [empty], Stereomyxida [empty], Tubulinea [empty]
Invalid names: Biciliata [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available