Saltville (Pleistocene of the United States)

Where: Smyth County, Virginia (37.0° N, 81.8° W: paleocoordinates 37.0° N, 81.8° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Late/Upper Pleistocene (0.1 - 0.0 Ma)

Environment/lithology: lacustrine - small; lithology not reported

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: original phosphate

Primary reference: C. E. Ray, B. N. Cooper, and W. S. Benninghoff. 1967. Fossil mammals and pollen in a late Pleistocene deposit at Saltville, Virginia. Journal of Paleontology 41(3):608-622 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: general faunal/floral analysis

PaleoDB collection 103358: authorized by Mark Uhen, entered by Mark Uhen on 26.01.2011, edited by Margaret Shalap

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

unclassified
  -
Angiospermae
 Malvales - Tiliaceae
Tilia sp. Linnaeus 1753 linden
 Fagales - Fagaceae
Quercus sp. Linnaeus 1753 oak
 Fagales - Betulaceae
Alnus sp. Miller 1754 alder
Betula sp. Linnaeus 1753 birch
 Rosales - Rosaceae
Rosaceae indet. Jussieu 1789 rose
 Caryophyllales - Polygonaceae
Polygonum sp. Linnaeus 1753 knotweed
 Saxifragales - Haloragaceae
Myriophyllum sp. Linnaeus 1753 water milfoil
 Ranunculales - Ranunculaceae
Ranunculaceae indet. Jussieu 1789 buttercup
 Poales - Poaceae
"Gramineae indet." = Poaceae
"Gramineae indet." = Poaceae Barnhart 1895 true grass
 Poales - Cyperaceae
Cyperaceae indet. Jussieu 1789 sedge
 Alismatales - Potamogetonaceae
Potamogeton sp. Linnaeus 1753 pondweed
Pinopsida
 Pinales - Pinaceae
Pinus sp. Linnaeus 1753 pine
Abies sp. Miller 1754 fir
Picea sp. Dietrich 1824 spruce
unclassified
  -
Bivalvia
 Cardiida - Veneridae
"Cryptogramma acrosticoides" = Anomalocardia
"Cryptogramma acrosticoides" = Anomalocardia venus clam
Amphibia
 Salientia - Bufonidae
Bufo woodhousei3 Girard 1854 Woodhouse's toad
subspecies fowleri
 Salientia - Ranidae
Rana pipiens3 Schreber 1782 Northern leopard frog
 Caudata - Urodela
Notophthalmus cf. viridescens3 Rafinesque 1820 Eastern newt
Mammalia
 Rodentia - Cricetidae
Ondatra sp.1 Link 1795 muskrat
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Equus sp. Linnaeus 1758 horse
 Artiodactyla - Cervidae
? Cervalces sp. Scott 1885 stag moose
? Cervalces scotti4 Lydekker 1898 stag moose
Specimen similar to but larger than Alces alces
Odocoileus virginianus1 Zimmermann 1780 white-tailed deer
Rangifer tarandus Linnaeus 1758 reindeer
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bootherium sp. Harlan 1825 antelope
"Symbos cavifrons" = Bootherium bombifrons Harlan 1825 antelope
Bison sp. Hamilton-Smith 1827 bison
 Carnivora - Ursidae
Arctodus simus5 Cope 1879 giant short-faced bear
 Megatherioidea - Megalonychidae
Megalonyx jeffersonii Desmarest 1822 Jefferson's ground sloth
or M. dissimilis
 Proboscidea - Elephantidae
Mammuthus sp.5 Brookes 1828 mammoth
Mammuthus primigenius Blumenbach 1799 wooly mammoth
Mammuthus columbi2 Falconer 1857 Columbian mammoth
 Proboscidea - Mammutidae
Mammut americanum Kerr 1792 American mastodon
Reptilia
 Testudines - Chelydridae
Chelydra serpentina3 Linnaeus 1758 Common snapping turtle
 Squamata - Colubridae
Elaphe cf. obsoleta3 Say 1823 black rat snake
Storeria sp.3 Baird and Girard 1853 brown snake
Nerodia sipedon3 Linnaeus 1758 northern water snake
Thamnophis sp.3 Fitzinger 1843 garter snake
unclassified
  -
Fungi indet. Jahn and Jahn 1959