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Crocodylomorpha (crocodilian)

Reptilia

Taxonomy
Crocodilomorphi was named by Hay (1930). It is extant. It was considered paraphyletic by Georgi and Krause (2010), monophyletic by Hunt and Lockley (1995) and Turner and Sertich (2010) and Nesbitt (2011).

It was synonymized subjectively with Crocodylia by Haubold (1969); it was corrected as Crocodylomorpha by Walker (1970); it was reranked as the unranked clade Crocodilomorphi by Karl (2007); it was reranked as the unranked clade Crocodylomorpha by Gauthier and Padian (1985), Gauthier et al. (1989), Sereno and Arcucci (1990), Sereno (1991), Parrish (1993), Long and Murry (1995), Hunt and Lockley (1995), Gohlich et al. (2005), Weinbaum and Hungerbühler (2007), Brochu et al. (2009), Turner and Sertich (2010), Georgi and Krause (2010), Nesbitt (2011), Leardi et al. (2017) and Agnolín et al. (2023).

It was assigned to Loricata by Hay (1930); to Archosauria by Walker (1970); to Pseudosuchia by Gauthier and Padian (1985); to Paracrocodylomorpha by Parrish (1993); to Reptilia by Hunt and Lockley (1995); to Paracrocodyliformes by Weinbaum and Hungerbühler (2007); to Suchia by Sereno and Arcucci (1990), Sereno (1991), Long and Murry (1995) and Karl (2007); to Pseudosuchia by Gauthier et al. (1989) and Brochu et al. (2009); to Loricata by Nesbitt (2011); and to Archosauria by Gohlich et al. (2005), Turner and Sertich (2010), Georgi and Krause (2010), Leardi et al. (2017) and Agnolín et al. (2023).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1856Crocodilus humilis Leidy p. 73
1857Crocodilus humilis Leidy p. 90
1860Crocodilus humilis Leidy p. 146
1869Crocodilus vetustus Gervais p. 215
1869Thoracosaurus bahiensis Marsh
1869Crocodilus vetustus Matheron p. 371
1881Crocodilus proavus Seeley p. 685
1887Goniopholis minor Koken p. 24
1895Diplosaurus nanus Marsh p. 405
1897Diplosaurus nanus Marsh p. 485
1897Crocodilus humilus Marsh p. 527
1902Crocodylus humilis Hay p. 513
1902Crocodilus humilis Lambe p. 47
1904Stegomus longipes Emerson and Loomis
1915Stegomus longipes Lull p. 102
1917Stegomus longipes Lull p. 110
1922Stegomosuchus Huene pp. 22-23
1922Stegomosuchus longipes Huene pp. 22-23
1924Erythrochampsa Haughton
1924Erythrochampsa longipes Haughton p. 367
1928Erythrochampsa Nopcsa p. 186
1930Stegomosuchus Hay p. 139
1930Stegomosuchus longipes Hay p. 139
1930Crocodilomorphi Hay p. 145
1930Goniopholis nanus Hay p. 146
1930Crocodylus humilis Hay p. 153
1942Stegomosuchus Huene p. 244
1970Erythrochampsa Ellenberger p. 347
1970Crocodylomorpha Walker p. 368
1970Erythrochampsa Walker p. 369
1970Stegomosuchus Walker p. 369
1971Crocodilus kutchensis Tandon
1985Crocodylomorpha Gauthier and Padian pp. 187-189 fig. 1
1988Erythrochampsa Carroll
1988Sphenosuchia Carroll
1988Stegomosuchus Carroll
1989Crocodylomorpha Gauthier et al. p. 348
1990Crocodylomorpha Sereno and Arcucci p. 41
1991Crocodylomorpha Sereno p. 11
1993Crocodylomorpha Parrish p. 290 fig. 1
1995Crocodylomorpha Hunt and Lockley
1995Crocodylomorpha Long and Murry p. 164
1995Sphenosuchia Long and Murry p. 164
2005Crocodylomorpha Gohlich et al.
2007Crocodilomorphi Karl p. 59
2007Crocodylomorpha Weinbaum and Hungerbühler p. 141
2009Crocodylomorpha Brochu et al. p. 538
2010Crocodylomorpha Georgi and Krause
2010Crocodylomorpha Turner and Sertich
2011Crocodylomorpha Nesbitt p. 203 fig. 51
2017Crocodylomorpha Leardi et al. p. 3
2023Crocodylomorpha Agnolín et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
RankNameAuthor
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
—Pseudosuchia(Zittel 1890)
—SuchiaKrebs 1974
—Paracrocodylomorpha
—Loricata(Merrem 1820)
—Crocodylomorpha()
—Crocodylomorpha()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Crocodylomorpha Hay 1930 [crocodilian]
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G. †Carnufex Zanno et al. 2015
+
†Carnufex carolinensis Zanno et al. 2015
G. †Dibothrosuchus Simmons 1965
+
†Dibothrosuchus elaphros Simmons 1965
+
Invalid names: Dibothrosuchus xingsuensis Wu 1986 [synonym]
G. †Dromicosuchus Sues et al. 2003
+
†Dromicosuchus grallator Sues et al. 2003
G. †Eopneumatosuchus Crompton and Smith 1980
+
†Eopneumatosuchus colberti Bronzati et al. 2012
Unr. †Gondwanasuchia Carvalho et al. 2004
+
Unr. †Notosuchimorpha Carvalho et al. 2004
+
Unr. †Notosuchiformes Carvalho et al. 2004
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Invalid names: Terriasuchia Carvalho et al. 2004 [empty]
Invalid names: Chimaerasuchidae Carvalho et al. 2004 [empty]
Fm. †Hallopodidae Marsh 1881 [hallopodid]
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Invalid names: Halopodinae Nopcsa 1923 [empty]
G. †Hallopus Marsh 1881
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†Hallopus victor Marsh 1877
G. †Hesperosuchus Colbert 1952
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†Hesperosuchus agilis Colbert 1952
G. †Kayentasuchus Clark and Sues 2002
+
†Kayentasuchus walkeri Clark and Sues 2002
G. †Litargosuchus Clark and Sues 2002
+
†Litargosuchus leptorhynchus Clark and Sues 2002
G. †Lukousaurus Young 1940
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†Lukousaurus yini Young 1940
G. †Mycomorphoolithus Moreno-Azanza et al. 2015
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†Mycomorphoolithus kohringi Moreno-Azanza et al. 2015
Subor. †Paracrocodylia Walker 1968
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Infraor. †Pedeticosauria Walker 1968
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Invalid names: Pedeticosauridae Van Hoepen 1915 [empty]
Invalid names: Hallopoda Marsh 1881 [empty]
G. †Paratetrasauropus Ellenberger 1972
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†Paratetrasauropus seakensis Ellenberger 1970
G. †Pedeticosaurus Van Hoepen 1915
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†Pedeticosaurus leviseuri Van Hoepen 1915
G. †Phyllodontosuchus Harris et al. 2000
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†Phyllodontosuchus lufengensis Harris et al. 2000
G. †Pseudhesperosuchus Bonaparte 1969
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†Pseudhesperosuchus jachaleri Bonaparte 1969
G. †Redondavenator Nesbitt et al. 2005
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†Redondavenator quayensis Nesbitt et al. 2005
G. †Saltoposuchus von Huene 1921
+
†Saltoposuchus longipes Huene 1921
Unr. †Solidocrania Ruebenstahl et al. 2022
+
G. †Almadasuchus Pol et al. 2013
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†Almadasuchus figarii Pol et al. 2013
Subor. Crocodyliformes Hay 1930
+
G. †Entradasuchus Hunt and Lockley 1995
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†Entradasuchus spinosus Hunt and Lockley 1995
Fm. †Gobiosuchidae Osmolska 1972
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G. †Cassissuchus Buscalioni 2017
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†Cassissuchus sanziuami Buscalioni 2017
G. †Gobiosuchus Osmolska 1972
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†Gobiosuchus kielanae Osmolska 1972
†Gobiosuchus parvus Efimov 1983
G. †Zaraasuchus Pol and Norell 2004
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†Zaraasuchus shepardi Pol and Norell 2004
Invalid names: Gobiosuchinae Efimov 1983 [empty]
G. †Karatausuchus Efimov 1976
+
†Karatausuchus sharovi Efimov 1976
Fm. Krokolithidae Kohring and Hirsch 1996 [crocodile eggshell]
+
G. †Bauruoolithus Oliveira et al. 2011
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†Bauruoolithus fragilis Oliveira et al. 2011
G. †Krokolithes Hirsch 1985
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†Krokolithes helleri Kohring and Hirsch 1996
†Krokolithes wilsoni Hirsch 1985
Unr. †Mesoeucrocodylia Whetstone and Whybrow 1983
+
G. †Dianchungosaurus Young 1982
+
G. †Khuzdarcroco Malkani 2015
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†Khuzdarcroco zahri Malkani 2015
G. †Lusitanisuchus Schwarz and Fechner 2004
+
G. †Microsuchus Saez 1928
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†Microsuchus schilleri Saez 1928
Unr. Neosuchia Clark 1988
+
Unr. †Atoposauridae Gervais 1871
G. †Bernissartia Dollo 1883
Fm. †Bernissartiidae Dollo 1883
G. †Burkesuchus Novas et al. 2021
Unr. †Coelognathosuchia Martin et al. 2013
Subor. Eusuchia Huxley 1875
G. †Gilchristosuchus Wu and Brinkman 1993
G. †Khoratosuchus Lauprasert et al. 2009
G. †Montsecosuchus Buscalioni and Sanz 1988
Unr. †Paluxysuchidae Drumheller et al. 2021
Fm. †Stomatosuchidae Stromer 1925
G. †Wahasuchus Saber et al. 2018
Invalid names: Alligatorium franconicum Ammon 1906 [nomen dubium], Brillanceausuchidae Michard et al. 1990 [empty], Goniopholis phuwiangensis Buffetaut and Ingavat 1983 [nomen dubium], Heterosuchus Seeley 1887 [nomen dubium], Ischyrochampsa Vasse 1995 [nomen dubium], Ischyrochampsa meridionalis Vasse 1995 [nomen dubium], Shamosuchus karakalpakensis Nesov et al. 1989 [nomen dubium], Shamosuchus occidentalis Efimov 1982 [nomen dubium], Susisuchidae Salisbury et al. 2003 [empty]
Infraor. †Notosuchia Gasparini 1971
+
G. †Coringasuchus Kellner et al. 2009
G. †Eptalofosuchus Marinho et al. 2022
Unr. †Eunotosuchia Ruiz et al. 2021
G. †Llanosuchus Fiorelli et al. 2016
Unr. †Peirosaurimorpha Carvalho et al. 2004
Unr. †Ziphosuchia Ortega et al. 2000
Invalid names: Comahuesuchidae Bonaparte 1991 [empty], Libycosuchidae Stromer 1914 [empty], Trematochampsa Buffetaut 1974 [nomen dubium], Trematochampsa taqueti Buffetaut 1974 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Sulaimanisuchidae Malkani 2010
+
Subfm. †Sulaimanisuchinae Malkani 2010
G. †Titanochampsa Fachini et al. 2022
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†Titanochampsa iorii Fachini et al. 2022
Invalid names: Cunampaia Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cunampaia simplex Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cunampaiidae [invalid subgroup], Hsisosuchidae Young and Chow 1953 [empty], Mesosuchia Huxley 1875 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Neuquensuchus Fiorelli and Calvo 2007 [Neuquen crocodile]
+
†Neuquensuchus universitas Fiorelli and Calvo 2007
G. †Platyognathus Young 1944
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†Platyognathus hsui Young 1944
Unr. †Protosuchia Mook 1934
+
Fm. †Artzosuchidae Efimov 1983
+
G. †Artzosuchus Efimov 1983
G. †Hadongsuchus Hangjae et al. 2005
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†Hadongsuchus acerdentis Hangjae et al. 2005
Fm. †Notochampsidae Haughton 1924
+
G. †Notochampsa Broom 1904
G. †Orthosuchus Nash 1968
G. †Tagarosuchus Alifanov et al. 1999
+
†Tagarosuchus kulemzini Alifanov et al. 1999
Invalid names: Stegomosuchidae Huene 1922 [empty]
Fm. †Protosuchidae Brown 1934
+
G. †Coloradisuchus Martínez et al. 2018
+
†Coloradisuchus abelini Martínez et al. 2018
G. †Dianosuchus Young 1982
+
G. †Edentosuchus Young 1973
+
G. †Hemiprotosuchus Bonaparte 1969
+
†Hemiprotosuchus leali Bonaparte 1969
G. †Hoplosuchus Gilmore 1926
+
†Hoplosuchus kayi Gilmore 1926
Subfm. †Protosuchinae Busbey III and Gow 1984
+
G. †Baroqueosuchus Busbey III and Gow 1984
G. †Protosuchus Brown 1934
+
†Protosuchus haughtoni Busbey III and Gow 1984
+
Invalid names: Lesothosuchus charigi Whetstone and Whybrow 1983 [synonym]
†Protosuchus micmac Sues et al. 1996
Invalid names: Archaeosuchus Brown 1933 [replaced], Lesothosuchus Whetstone and Whybrow 1983 [synonym]
Unr. †Shartegosuchoidea Dollman et al. 2018
+
G. †Shantungosuchus Young 1961
+
+
Invalid names: Shantungosuchus brachycephalus Young 1982 [synonym]
†Shantungosuchus hangjinensis Wu et al. 1994
Fm. †Shartegosuchidae Efimov 1988
+
G. †Adzhosuchus Efimov et al. 2000
G. †Fruitachampsa Clark 2011
G. †Hsisosuchus Young and Chow 1953
G. †Kyasuchus Efimov and Leshchinskiy 2000
G. †Nominosuchus Efimov 1996
G. †Shartegosuchus Efimov 1988
G. †Sichuanosuchus Peng 1995
+
†Sichuanosuchus shuhanensis Wu et al. 1997
G. †Zosuchus Pol and Norell 2004
+
†Zosuchus davidsoni Pol and Norell 2004
Invalid names: Crocodilus blavieri Gray 1831 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus provencialis Giebel 1847 [nomen dubium], Kemkemia Cau and Maganuco 2009 [nomen dubium], Kemkemia auditorei Cau and Maganuco 2009 [nomen dubium], Lisboasaurus Seiffert 1975 [nomen dubium], Lisboasaurus estesi Seiffert 1975 [nomen dubium], Metasuchia Benton and Clark 1988 [empty], Microchampsa Young 1951 [nomen dubium], Microchampsa scutata Young 1951 [nomen dubium]
G. †Junggarsuchus Clark et al. 2004
+
†Junggarsuchus sloani Clark et al. 2004
G. †Macelognathus Marsh 1884
+
†Macelognathus vagans Marsh 1884
G. †Sphenosuchus Haughton 1915
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†Sphenosuchus acutus Haughton 1915
G. †Terrestrisuchus Crush 1984
+
Infraor. †Thalattosuchia Fraas 1901 [marine crocodile]
+
G. †Eoneustes Young et al. 2010
+
†Eoneustes gaudryi Collot 1905
G. †Mystriosaurus Munster 1834
+
+
Invalid names: Steneosaurus brevior Tate and Blake 1876 [synonym]
Invalid names: Engyommasaurus Kaup 1834 [synonym], Macrospondylus Meyer 1830 [synonym]
Unr. †Neothalattosuchia Young et al. 2024
+
Superfm. †Metriorhynchoidea Young 2010
+
Unr. †Euthalattosuchia Young et al. 2024
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Fm. †Metriorhynchidae Fitzinger 1843
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Invalid names: Geosauridae Bonaparte 1850 [synonym]
G. †Magyarosuchus Osi et al. 2018
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†Magyarosuchus fitosi Osi et al. 2018
G. †Opisuchus Aiglstorfer et al. 2019
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†Opisuchus meieri Aiglstorfer et al. 2019
G. †Zoneait Wilberg 2015
+
†Zoneait nargorum Wilberg 2015
Superfm. †Teleosauroidea Saint-Hilaire 1831
+
G. †Andrianavoay Johnson et al. 2020
+
†Andrianavoay baroni Newton 1893
G. †Charitomenosuchus Johnson et al. 2020
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†Charitomenosuchus leedsi Andrews 1909
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Invalid names: Stenosaurus teleosauroides Auer 1909 [synonym]
G. †Clovesuurdameredeor Johnson et al. 2020
+
G. †Deslongchampsina Johnson et al. 2019
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†Deslongchampsina larteti Eudes-Deslongchamps 1869
Fm. †Machimosauridae Jouve et al. 2016
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Subfm. †Machimosaurinae Jouve et al. 2016
G. †Neosteneosaurus Johnson et al. 2020
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†Neosteneosaurus edwardsi Eudes-Deslongchamps 1867
G. †Plagiophthalmosuchus Johnson et al. 2020
+
+
Invalid names: Teleosaurus chapmanni Buckland 1836 [synonym]
G. †Seldsienean Johnson et al. 2020
+
†Seldsienean megistorhynchus Saint-Hilaire 1866
Fm. †Teleosauridae Geoffroy 1831
+
Tr. †Aeolodontini Johnson et al. 2022
G. †Crocodilaemus Jourdan 1857
G. †Haematosaurus Sauvage 1874
G. †Indosinosuchus Martin et al. 2018
G. †Steneosaurus Saint-Hilaire 1825
+
Invalid names: Glaphyrorhynchus Meyer 1842 [synonym], Leptocranius Bronn 1837 [synonym]
Subfm. †Teleosaurinae Saint-Hilaire 1831
Invalid names: Aeolodontinae Johnson et al. 2020 [empty], Megalosaurus mersensis Lapparent 1955 [nomen dubium]
G. †Peipehsuchus Young 1948
+
G. †Pelagosaurus Bronn 1841
+
†Pelagosaurus typus Bronn 1841
+
Invalid names: Crocodilus temporalis de Blainville 1835 [synonym], Mosellaesaurus rostrominor Monard 1846 [synonym]
Invalid names: Mosellaesaurus Monard 1846 [synonym]
G. †Teleidosaurus Eudes-Deslongchamps 1869
+
†Teleidosaurus calvadosii Eudes-Deslongchamps 1866
†Teleidosaurus joberti Eudes-Deslongchamps 1867
Invalid names: Teleidosaurus bathonicus Mercier 1933 [nomen dubium]
G. †Turnersuchus Wilberg et al. 2023
+
†Turnersuchus hingleyae Wilberg et al. 2023
Invalid names: Mesosauria Giebel 1847 [synonym], Steneosaurus gerthi Huene 1927 [nomen dubium]
G. †Trialestes Bonaparte 1982
+
†Trialestes romeri Reig 1963
Invalid names: Triassolestes Reig 1963 [replaced]
Invalid names: Crocodilus humilis Leidy 1856 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus kutchensis Tandon 1971 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus proavus Seeley 1881 [nomen dubium], Crocodilus vetustus Matheron 1869 [nomen dubium], Diplosaurus nanus Marsh 1895 [nomen dubium], Erythrochampsa Haughton 1924 [nomen dubium], Erythrochampsa longipes Haughton 1924 [nomen dubium], Gavialiformes Hay 1930 [empty], Goniopholidiformes Hay 1930 [empty], Goniopholis minor Koken 1887 [nomen dubium], Sphenosuchia [invalid subgroup], Sphenosuchidae Huene 1922 [empty], Stegomosuchus Huene 1922 [nomen dubium], Stegomus longipes Emerson and Loomis 1904 [nomen dubium], Thoracosaurus bahiensis Marsh 1869 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
S. J. Nesbitt 2011The most inclusive clade containing Crocodylus niloticus Laurenti, 1768, but not Rauisuchus tiradentes Huene, 1942, Poposaurus gracilis Mehl, 1915, Gracilisuchus stipanicicorum Romer, 1972c, Prestosuchus chiniquensis Huene, 1942, or Aetosaurus ferratus Fraas, 1877