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Dipnoi (lungfish)

Dipnoi

Taxonomy
Dipnoi was named by Müller (1884). It is extant.

It was reranked as the superorder Dipnoi by Hay (1902), Vorobyeva and Obruchev (1964) and Nelson et al. (2016); it was reranked as the order Dipnoa by Jaekel (1911); it was reranked as the order Dipnoi by Daly (1973), Schultze (1993), Long et al. (1994), Dineley and Metcalf (1999), Kemp (2000), Schultze (2001), Schultze (2004), Young and Schultze (2005), Previtera and González Riga (2008), Panzeri et al. (2022) and Panzeri (2023); it was reranked as the infraclass Dipnoi by Miles (1977); it was reranked as the unranked clade Dipnoi by Säve-Söderbergh (1934), Gardiner (1982), Long (1987), Long (1992), Chang and Wang (1995), Johanson and Ritchie (2000), Friedman and Daeschler (2006), Qiao and Zhu (2009), Shimada and Kirkland (2011), Clement (2012), Sharp and Clack (2013), Smithson et al. (2016), Clack et al. (2019) and Agnolín et al. (2023).

It was assigned to Ichthyes by Gadow (1898); to Azygostei by Hay (1902); to Crossopterygii by Jaekel (1911); to Teleostomi by Bryant (1932); to Choanata by Säve-Söderbergh (1934); to Choanata by Gardiner (1982); to Osteichthyes by Long (1987) and Long et al. (1994); to Actinopterygii by Kemp (2000); to Dipnoiformes by Schultze (1993), Dineley and Metcalf (1999), Schultze (2004) and Young and Schultze (2005); to Osteichthyes by Long and Campbell (1985), Cuny and Ramboer (1991), Long (1992), Goodwin et al. (1999), Reisz et al. (2004) and Pardo et al. (2010); to Sarcopterygii by Miles (1977), Schultze (2001) and Nelson et al. (2016); to Dipnomorpha by Johanson and Ritchie (2000), Friedman and Daeschler (2006), Qiao and Zhu (2009), Clement (2009), Clement and Long (2010), Clement (2012), Sharp and Clack (2013), Qiao and Zhu (2015), Smithson et al. (2016) and Clack et al. (2019); to Sarcopterygii by Chang and Wang (1995), Louys and Price (2015) and Panzeri et al. (2022); and to Sarcopterygii by Vorobyeva and Obruchev (1964), Daly (1973), Heckert (2004), Irmis (2005), Previtera and González Riga (2008), Shimada and Kirkland (2011), Panzeri (2023) and Agnolín et al. (2023).

Subtaxa
Adelargo, Amadeodipterus, Apatorhynchus, Ballagadus, Cathlorhynchus, Celsiodon, Ceratodonti, Ceratodontidae, Ceratodontoidei, Chirodipteroidea, Coccovedus, Ctenodontiformes, Ctenodontoidei, Ctenodus, Devonesteus, Devonosteus, Diabolepidiformes, Dipnoiformes, Dipnorhynchiformes, Dipnorhynchina, Dipnorhynchoidei, Dipteri, Dipterida, Dipteriformes, Dipteroidei, Dongshanodus, Ferganoceratodus, Gnathorhizidae, Gosfordia, Harajicadipterus, Holodipterida, Jessenia, Limanichthys, Megapleuron, Melanognathus, Neoceratodontidae, Nielsenia, Occludus, Oervigia, Persephonichthys, Pinnalongus, Proceratodus, Protoceratodontidae, Protopteri, Ptychoceratodontidae, Rhinodipteridae, Sagenodontidae, Sinodipterus, Sirenoidei, Speonesydrionidae, Speonesydrionina, Speonysedrion, Synthetodus, Tarachomylax, Uranolophina, Uronemoidei, Westollrhynchus, Xylognathus

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1884Dipnoi Müller p. 76
1898Dipnoi Gadow p. 11
1902Dipnoi Hay p. 350
1911Dipnoa Jaekel p. 77
1932Dipnoi Bryant p. 232
1934Dipnoi Säve-Söderbergh p. 17
1964Dipnoi Vorobyeva and Obruchev p. 467
1973Dipnoi Daly p. 568
1977Dipnoi Miles
1982Dipnoi Gardiner p. 228
1985Dipnoi Long and Campbell
1987Dipnoi Long
1991Dipnoi Cuny and Ramboer p. 70
1992Dipnoi Long
1993Dipnoi Schultze
1994Dipnoi Long et al.
1995Dipnoi Chang and Wang
1999Dipnoi Dineley and Metcalf p. 11
1999Dipnoi Goodwin et al. p. 733
2000Dipnoi Johanson and Ritchie
2000Dipnoi Kemp
2001Dipnoi Schultze
2004Dipnoi Heckert p. 42
2004Dipnoi Reisz et al.
2004Dipnoi Schultze p. 474
2005Dipnoi Irmis p. 67
2005Dipnoi Young and Schultze
2006Dipnoi Friedman and Daeschler
2008Dipnoi Previtera and González Riga
2009Dipnoi Clement
2009Dipnoi Qiao and Zhu
2010Dipnoi Clement and Long
2010Dipnoi Pardo et al.
2011Dipterimorpha Long p. 244
2011Dipnoi Shimada and Kirkland
2012Dipnoi Clement
2013Dipnoi Sharp and Clack
2015Dipnoi Louys and Price p. 553
2015Dipnoi Qiao and Zhu
2016Dipnoi Nelson et al. p. 107
2016Dipnoi Smithson et al.
2019Dipnoi Clack et al.
2022Dipnoi Panzeri et al. p. 818
2023Dipnoi Agnolín et al.
2023Dipnoi Panzeri

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
RankNameAuthor
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
orderDipnoi(Müller 1884)
orderDipnoi(Müller 1884)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Dipnoi Müller 1884 [lungfish]
show all | hide all
G. †Adelargo Johanson and Ritchie 2000
+
†Adelargo schultzei Johanson and Ritchie 2000
G. †Amadeodipterus Young and Schultze 2005
+
†Amadeodipterus kencampbelli Young and Schultze 2005
G. †Apatorhynchus Friedman and Daeschler 2006
+
†Apatorhynchus opistheretmus Friedman and Daeschler 2006
G. †Ballagadus Smithson et al. 2016
+
†Ballagadus caustrimi Smithson et al. 2016
†Ballagadus rossi Smithson et al. 2016
G. †Cathlorhynchus Campbell et al. 2009
+
†Cathlorhynchus trismodipterus Campbell et al. 2009
†Cathlorhynchus zengi Qiao and Zhu 2015
G. †Celsiodon Clack et al. 2019
+
†Celsiodon ahlbergi Clack et al. 2019
Fm. Ceratodontidae Gill 1872
+
G. †Ariguna Kemp 1994
+
†Ariguna formosa Wade 1935
G. †Atlantoceratodus Cione et al. 2007
+
†Atlantoceratodus iheringi Ameghino 1906
Subfm. †Ceratodontinae Gill 1872
+
G. †Retodus Churcher et al. 2006
G. †Ceratodus Agassiz 1838
+
†Ceratodus altus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus americanus Knight 1898
†Ceratodus arenaceus Quenstedt 1883
†Ceratodus argentinus Apesteguia et al. 2007
†Ceratodus avus Woodward 1906
†Ceratodus bicornis Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus bovisrivi Linck 1962
†Ceratodus brasiliensis Souza Cunha and Ferreira 1980
†Ceratodus bucobaensis Minikh 1977
†Ceratodus capensis Woodward 1889
†Ceratodus carinatus Schaal 1984
†Ceratodus casieri Cappetta 1972
†Ceratodus cloacinus Quenstedt 1858
†Ceratodus curvus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus daedaleus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus disauris Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus diutinus Kemp 1993
†Ceratodus elegans Vollrath 1923
†Ceratodus emarginatus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus facetidens Chabakov 1931
†Ceratodus favosus Cope 1884
†Ceratodus felchi Kirkland 1987
†Ceratodus frazieri Ostrom 1970
+
Invalid names: Polyporites browni Wieland 1934 [synonym]
†Ceratodus gibbus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus guentheri Marsh 1878
†Ceratodus guilielmi Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus gustasoni Kirkland 1987
†Ceratodus heteromorphus Agassiz 1834
†Ceratodus hislopianus Oldham 1859
†Ceratodus humei Priem 1914
†Ceratodus hunterianus Oldham 1859
†Ceratodus jechartiensis Minikh 1977
†Ceratodus kannemeyeri Seeley 1897
†Ceratodus kaupi Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus kaupii Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus kempae Frederickson and Cifelli 2017
†Ceratodus kirklandi Frederickson and Cifelli 2017
†Ceratodus kranzi Frederickson et al. 2016
†Ceratodus kurrii Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus latissimus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus madelungi Volz 1896
†Ceratodus minor Liu and Yeh 1957
†Ceratodus minutus Haug 1905
†Ceratodus molossus Frederickson and Cifelli 2017
†Ceratodus nageshwarai Shah and Satsangi 1970
†Ceratodus nargun Kemp 1983
†Ceratodus nirumbee Frederickson and Cifelli 2017
†Ceratodus obtusus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus orenburgensis Minikh 1977
†Ceratodus palaeoruncinatus Frentzen 1924
†Ceratodus palmatus Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus parvus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus pectinatus Tabaste 1963
†Ceratodus phillipsi Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus planasper Linck 1962
†Ceratodus planus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus priscus Fraas 1904
†Ceratodus protopteroides Tabaste 1963
†Ceratodus recticristatus Vorobyeva and Minikh 1968
†Ceratodus robustus Knight 1898
†Ceratodus runcinatus Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus shenmuensis Liu and Yeh 1960
†Ceratodus silesiacus Roemer 1870
†Ceratodus stewarti Milner and Kirkland 2006
†Ceratodus sturii Teller 1891
†Ceratodus trapezoides Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus tuberculatus Tabaste 1963
†Ceratodus tunuensis Agnolin et al. 2018
†Ceratodus vinslovii Cope 1875
†Ceratodus weissmanni Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus wollastoni Chapman 1914
†Ceratodus youngi Liu and Yeh 1960
G. †Chaoceratodus Apesteguia et al. 2007
+
†Chaoceratodus portezuelensis Apesteguia et al. 2007
+
G. †Lupaceradotus Gottfried et al. 2009
+
†Lupaceradotus useviaensis Gottfried et al. 2009
G. †Metaceratodus Chapman 1914
+
†Metaceratodus baibianorum Panzeri et al. 2020
†Metaceratodus bonei Kemp 1997
†Metaceratodus ellioti Kemp 1997
†Metaceratodus kaopen Apesteguia et al. 2007
†Metaceratodus palmeri Krefft 1874
†Metaceratodus wichmanni Apesteguía and Agnolin 2007
†Metaceratodus wollastoni Chapman 1914
G. †Microceratodus Texeira 1954
+
†Microceratodus angolensis Texeira 1947
G. †Rinconodus Panzeri et al. 2022
+
†Rinconodus salvadori Panzeri et al. 2022
G. †Tellerodus Lehman 1975
+
†Tellerodus formosus Wade 1935
Subor. Ceratodontoidei Vorobyeva and Obruchev 1964
+
G. †Paraceratodus Lehman et al. 1959
+
†Paraceratodus germaini Lehman et al. 1959
G. †Coccovedus Smithson et al. 2016
+
†Coccovedus celatus Smithson et al. 2016
+
Fm. †Ctenodontidae Woodward 1891
+
Subfm. †Ctenodontinae Woodward 1891
+
G. †Delatitia Long and Campbell 1985
+
†Delatitia breviceps Woodward 1906
G. †Tranodis Thomson 1965
+
†Tranodis castrensis Thomson 1965
G. †Eoctenodus Hills 1929
Subfm. †Gnathorhizinae Campbell and Barwick 1990
+
G. †Monongahela Lund 1970
+
Fm. †Uronemidae Traquair 1890
+
G. †Ganopristodus Agassiz 1884
+
†Ganopristodus lobatus Agassiz 1844
†Ganopristodus splendens Traquair 1881
G. †Uronemus Agassiz 1843
+
†Uronemus lobatus Agassiz 1843
†Uronemus splendens Traquair 1881
Subor. †Ctenodontoidei Nikolski 1954
+
Invalid names: Ctenodontiidae Woodward 1891 [empty]
G. †Ctenodus Agassiz 1838
+
†Ctenodus allodens Sharp and Clack 2013
†Ctenodus cristatus Agassiz 1838
+
Invalid names: Ctenodus concavus Barkas 1869 [synonym], Ctenodus ovatus Barkus 1869 [synonym], Ctenodus tuberculatus Atthey 1868 [synonym], Sagenodus corrugatus Woodward 1891 [synonym]
†Ctenodus fossatus Cope 1877
†Ctenodus gurleyanus Cope 1877
†Ctenodus heterolophus Cope 1883
†Ctenodus interruptus Barkas 1869
†Ctenodus murchisoni Ward 1890
†Ctenodus periprion Cope 1878
†Ctenodus porrectus Cope 1878
†Ctenodus roberti Smithson et al. 2016
†Ctenodus romeri Thomson 1965
†Ctenodus serratus Newberry 1875
†Ctenodus vabasensis Cope 1883
†Ctenodus wagneri Newberry 1889
†Ctenodus whitropei Smithson et al. 2016
†Ctenodus williei Smithson et al. 2016
Invalid names: Ctenodus robertsoni Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Ctenodus tardus Fritsch 1889 [nomen dubium]
G. †Devonesteus Jaekel 1927
+
†Devonosteus proteus Jaekel 1927
+
Invalid names: Diabolepididae Schultze 1993 [empty]
Or. Dipnoiformes Cloutier 1990
+
Invalid names: Diabolepidida Schultze 1993 [empty]
+
Fm. †Chirodipteridae Campbell and Barwick 1990
+
Subfm. †Chirodipterinae Long 1992
+
G. †Gogodipterus Long 1992
+
G. †Chirodipterus Gross 1933
+
†Chirodipterus liangcheni Song and Chang 1991
†Chirodipterus onawayensis Schultze 1982
†Chirodipterus potteri Kemp 2000
Invalid names: Sunwapta Thomson 1967 [synonym]
G. †Palaedaphus van Beneden and Koninck 1864
+
†Palaedaphus devoniensis Van Beneden 1869
†Palaedaphus insignia Van Beneden and de Konick 1864
†Palaedaphus lesleyi Newberry 1875
†Palaedaphus livnensis Obruchev 1960
Subfm. †Pillararhynchinae Long 1992
+
G. †Pillararhynchus Campbell and Barwick 1990
+
†Pillararhynchus longi Campbell and Barwick 1990
G. †Sorbitorhynchus Wang et al. 1990
+
†Sorbitorhynchus deleaskitus Wang et al. 1990
Fm. †Dipnorhynchidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Dipnorhynchus Etheridge 1906
+
†Dipnorhynchus cathlesae Campbell and Barwick 1999
†Dipnorhynchus kiandrensis Campbell and Barwick 1982
†Dipnorhynchus kurikae Campbell and Barwick 1985
†Dipnorhynchus lehmanni Westoll 1949
†Dipnorhynchus suessmilchi Etheridge 1906
G. †Dipnotuberculus Campbell et al. 2002
+
†Dipnotuberculus bagirovi Krupina and Prisyazhnaya 2014
†Dipnotuberculus gnathodus Campbell et al. 2002
G. †Erikia Chang and Wang 1995
+
†Erikia jarviki Chang and Wang 1995
Fm. †Uranolophidae Miles 1977
+
G. †Uranolophus Denison 1968
+
†Uranolophus wyomingensis Denison 1968
Subor. †Dipnorhynchina Campbell and Barwick 1990
+
G. †Ganorhynchus Traquair 1873
+
†Ganorhynchus beecheri Newberry 1889
†Ganorhynchus caucasius Krupina 1979
†Ganorhynchus oblongus Cope 1892
†Ganorhynchus splendens Gross 1937
†Ganorhynchus sussmilchi Etheridge 1906
†Ganorhynchus woodwardi Traquair 1878
G. †Heliodus Newberry 1875
+
†Heliodus lesleyi Newberry 1875
Subor. Dipteri Jaekel 1911
+
Invalid names: Uronemi Jaekel 1911 [empty]
+
Fm. †Dipteridae Owen 1846
+
G. †Conchodus McCoy 1848
+
†Conchodus elkneri Gorisdro-Kulczycka 1950
†Conchodus jerofejewi Pander 1858
†Conchodus ostreaformis McCoy 1848
†Conchodus parvulus Bryant and Johnson 1936
†Conchodus plicatus Dawson 1868
Invalid names: Cheirodus Pander 1858 [synonym]
G. †Dipterus Sedgwick and Murchison 1828
+
†Dipterus calvini Eastman 1900
+
Invalid names: Dipterus (Ctenodus) radiatus Newberry 1889 [replaced]
†Dipterus costatus Eastman 1900
†Dipterus crassus Gross 1933
†Dipterus flabelliformis Newberry 1889
†Dipterus fleisheri Williams 1882
†Dipterus johnsoni Bryant and Johnson 1936
†Dipterus macropterus Traquair 1888
†Dipterus microsoma Hills 1931
†Dipterus minutus Newberry 1889
†Dipterus mordax Eastman 1900
†Dipterus nelsoni Newberry 1889
†Dipterus oervigi Gross 1964
†Dipterus serratus Eichwald 1844
†Dipterus sherwoodi Newberry 1875
†Dipterus uddeni Eastman 1900
†Dipterus valenciennesi Sedgwick and Murchison 1828
Invalid names: Catopterus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
G. †Grossipterus Obruchev 1964
G. †Howidipterus Long 1992
+
†Howidipterus donnae Long 1992
Fm. †Fleurantiidae Westoll 1949
+
G. †Barwickia Long 1992
+
†Barwickia downunda Long 1992
G. †Iranorhynchus Janvier and Martin 1978
+
†Iranorhynchus seyedmamii Janvier and Martin 1978
Fm. †Phaneropleuridae Huxley
+
G. †Pentlandia Watson and Day 1916
+
†Pentlandia macropterus Watson and Day 1916
G. †Phaneropleuron Huxley
+
†Phaneropleuron andersoni Huxley 1859
†Phaneropleuron curtum Whiteaves 1881
G. †Scaumenacia Whiteaves 1881
+
†Scaumenacia curta Whiteaves 1881
Fm. †Rhynchodipteridae Berg 1940
+
G. †Fleurantia Graham-Smith and Westoll 1937
+
†Fleurantia denticulata Graham-Smith and Westoll 1937
G. †Jarvikia Lehman 1959
+
†Jarvikia arctica Lehman 1959
G. †Rhynchodipterus Save-Soderberg 1937
+
†Rhynchodipterus elginensis Save-Soderbergh 1937
G. †Soederberghia Lehman 1959
+
†Soederberghia simpsoni Ahlberg et al. 2001
G. †Speonesydrion Campbell and Barwick 1983
+
†Speonesydrion iani Campbell and Barwick 1983
†Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949
Invalid names: Speonesydrion iani Campbell and Barwick 1983 [valid], Speonesydrion iani Campbell and Barwick 1983 [valid], Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid], Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid]
Fm. †Stomiahykidae Bernacsek 1977
+
G. †Archaeonectes von Meyer 1859
+
†Archaeonectes pertusus von Meyer 1859
G. †Stomiahykus Bernacsek 1977
+
†Stomiahykus thlaodus Bernacsek 1977
G. †Dongshanodus Wang 1981
+
G. †Ferganoceratodus Nessov and Kaznyshkin 1985
+
†Ferganoceratodus edwardsi Challands et al. 2024
†Ferganoceratodus jurassicus Nessov and Kaznyshkin 1985
†Ferganoceratodus martini Cavin et al. 2007
Fm. †Gnathorhizidae Miles 1977
+
G. †Beltanodus Schultze 1981
+
†Beltanodus ambilobensis Schultze 1981
G. †Gnathorhiza Cope 1883
+
†Gnathorhiza bogdensis Minikh 1977
†Gnathorhiza bothrotreta Berman 1976
†Gnathorhiza dikeloda Olson 1951
†Gnathorhiza lozovskii Minikh 1977
†Gnathorhiza noblensis Olson and Daly 1972
†Gnathorhiza otschevi Minikh 1977
†Gnathorhiza pusilla Cope 1877
†Gnathorhiza serrata Cope 1883
†Gnathorhiza tatarica Minikh 1989
†Gnathorhiza triassica Minikh 1977
G. †Namatozodia Kemp 1993
+
†Namatozodia pitikanta Kemp 1993
G. †Palaeophichthys Eastman 1908
+
†Palaeophichthys parvulus Eastman 1908
G. †Gosfordia Woodward 1890
+
†Gosfordia truncata Woodward 1890
G. †Harajicadipterus Clement 2009
+
†Harajicadipterus youngi Clement 2009
Or. †Holodipterida Moy-Thomas and Miles 1971
+
Subor. †Holodontoidei Long 2010
+
Fm. †Holodontidae Gorizdro-Kulczycka 1950
+
G. †Asthenorhynchus Long 2010
+
†Asthenorhynchus meemanae Pridmore 1994
G. †Griphognathus Gross 1956
+
†Griphognathus sculpta Schultze 1969
†Griphognathus whitei Miles 1977
G. †Holodipterus White and Moy-Thomas 1940
+
†Holodipterus elderae Pridmore 1994
†Holodipterus gogoensis Miles 1977
†Holodipterus santacrucensis Gorizdro-Kulczyzka 1950
G. †Iowadipterus Schultze 1992
+
†Iowadipterus halli Schultze 1992
G. †Robinsondipterus Long 2010
+
†Robinsondipterus longi Campbell and Barwick 1991
G. †Xeradipterus Clement and Long 2010
+
†Xeradipterus hatcheri Clement and Long 2010
Invalid names: Holodontidei Schultze 1992 [empty]
G. †Jessenia Otto and Bardenheuer 1996
+
†Jessenia concentrica Otto and Bardenheuer 1996
G. †Limanichthys Challands et al. 2019
+
†Limanichthys fraseri Challands et al. 2019
G. †Megapleuron Gaudry 1881
+
†Megapleuron rochei Gaudry 1881
†Megapleuron zangerli Schultze 1977
G. †Melanognathus Jarvik 1967
+
†Melanognathus canadensis Jarvik 1967
Fm. Neoceratodontidae Miles 1977
+
G. †Archaeoceratodus Kemp 1997
+
†Archaeoceratodus avus Woodward 1906
G. †Asiatoceratodus Vorobyeva 1967
+
†Asiatoceratodus sharovi Vorobyeva 1967
G. †Mioceratodus Kemp 1992
+
†Mioceratodus gregoryi White 1925
†Mioceratodus poastrus Kemp 1997
G. Neoceratodus Castelnau 1876 [Queensland lungfish]
+
†Neoceratodus djelleh Kemp 1982
†Neoceratodus eyrensis White 1925
†Neoceratodus gregoryi White 1925
†Neoceratodus nargun Kemp 1983
†Neoceratodus palmeri Krefft 1874
G. †Nielsenia Lehman 1959
+
†Nielsenia nordica Lehman 1959
G. †Occludus Smithson et al. 2016
+
†Occludus romeri Smithson et al. 2016
G. †Oervigia Lehman 1959
+
†Oervigia nordica Lehman 1959
G. †Persephonichthys Pardo et al. 2014
+
†Persephonichthys chthonica Pardo et al. 2014
G. †Pinnalongus Newman and den Blaauwen 2007 [lungfish]
+
†Pinnalongus saxoni Newman and den Blaauwen 2007 [lungfish]
G. †Proceratodus Cope 1884
+
†Proceratodus carlinvillensis Romer and Smith 1934
†Proceratodus favosus Cope 1884
†Proceratodus wagneri Newberry 1889
Fm. †Ptychoceratodontidae Martin 1982
+
G. †Ptychoceratodus Jaekel 1926
+
†Ptychoceratodus acutus Priem 1924
†Ptychoceratodus cionei Apesteguia et al. 2007
†Ptychoceratodus concinnus Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ptychoceratodus cuyanus Agnolin et al. 2017
†Ptychoceratodus donensis Vorobyeva and Minikh 1968
†Ptychoceratodus gracilis Vorobyeva and Minikh 1968
†Ptychoceratodus phillipsi Agassiz 1838
†Ptychoceratodus roemeri Skrzycki 2015
†Ptychoceratodus serratus Agassiz 1838
†Ptychoceratodus virapa Oldham 1859
Fm. †Rhinodipteridae Campbell and Barwick 1990
+
G. †Andreyevichthys Krupina 1987
+
†Andreyevichthys epitomus Krupina 1987
G. †Orlovichthys Krupina 1980
+
†Orlovichthys limnatis Krupina 2001
G. †Rhinodipterus Gross 1956
+
†Rhinodipterus secans Gross 1956
†Rhinodipterus stolbovi Krupina 1995
†Rhinodipterus ulrichi Ørvig 1961
Fm. †Sagenodontidae Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Aphelodus Kemp 1993 [simple tooth]
+
†Aphelodus anapes Kemp 1993
G. †Sagenodus Owen 1867
+
†Sagenodus angustus Newberry 1897
†Sagenodus browniae Cope 1897
†Sagenodus copeanus Williston 1899
†Sagenodus cristatus Agassiz 1838
†Sagenodus dialophus Cope 1878
†Sagenodus foliatus Cope 1897
†Sagenodus inaequalis Owen 1867
†Sagenodus jugosus Hay 1900
†Sagenodus lacovianus Cope 1897
†Sagenodus magister Cope 1897
†Sagenodus occidentalis Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Sagenodus ohioensis Cope 1875
†Sagenodus periprion Cope 1878
†Sagenodus porrectus Cope 1878
+
Invalid names: Sagenodus serratus Newberry 1875 [synonym]
†Sagenodus pusillus Cope 1877
†Sagenodus quadratus Newberry 1873
†Sagenodus quinquecostatus Traquair 1883
†Sagenodus reticulatus Newberry and Worthen 1870
†Sagenodus textilis Hay 1899
+
Invalid names: Sagenodus gurleianus Cope 1897 [replaced]
Invalid names: Prosagenodus Romer and Smith 1934 [synonym], Ptyonodus Cope 1877 [synonym]
G. †Straitonia Thomson 1965
+
†Straitonia waterstoni Thomson 1965
G. †Sinodipterus Qiao and Zhu 2009
+
†Sinodipterus beibei Qiao and Zhu 2009
+
Invalid names: Ctenodontidae [empty]
G. †Speonesydrion Campbell and Barwick 1983
+
†Speonesydrion iani Campbell and Barwick 1983
†Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949
Invalid names: Speonesydrion iani Campbell and Barwick 1983 [valid], Speonesydrion iani Campbell and Barwick 1983 [valid], Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid], Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid]
Fm. †Speonesydrionidae Campbell and Barwick 1990
+
G. †Ichnomylax Long et al. 1994
+
†Ichnomylax karatajae Reisz et al. 2004
†Ichnomylax kurnai Long et al. 1994
G. †Speonesydrion Campbell and Barwick 1983
+
†Speonesydrion iani Campbell and Barwick 1983
†Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949
Invalid names: Speonesydrion iani Campbell and Barwick 1983 [valid], Speonesydrion iani Campbell and Barwick 1983 [valid], Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid], Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid]
Subor. †Speonesydrionina Campbell and Barwick 1990
+
G. †Adololopas Campbell and Barwick 1998
+
†Adololopas moyasmithae Campbell and Barwick 1998
G. †Parasagenodus Vorob'yeva 1972
+
†Parasagenodus sibiricus Vorobjeva 1972
G. †Synthetodus Eastman 1896
+
†Synthetodus trisulcatus Eastman 1896
G. †Tarachomylax Barwick et al. 1997
+
†Tarachomylax oepiki Barwick et al. 1997
Subor. †Uronemoidei Nikolski 1954
+
Fm. †Conchopomatidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Conchopoma Kner 1868
+
†Conchopoma arctatum Schultze 1975
†Conchopoma edesi Denison 1969
†Conchopoma exanthematicum Schultze 1975
†Conchopoma gadiforme Kner 1844
G. †Westollrhynchus Schultze 2001
+
†Westollrhynchus lehmanni Schultze 2001
G. †Xylognathus Smithson et al. 2016
+
†Xylognathus macrustenus Smithson et al. 2016
Invalid names: Ceratodonti Jaekel 1911 [empty], Chirodipteroidea Long 1992 [empty], Dipnorhynchoidei Schultze 1992 [empty], Dipterida [empty], Dipterimorpha [synonym], Dipteroidei Vorobyeva and Obruchev 1964 [empty], Protoceratodontidae Miles 1977 [empty], Protopteri Jaekel 1911 [empty], Uranolophina Campbell and Barwick 1990 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2009-07-20 21:50:54
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:54
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Katian to the top of the Middle Miocene or 453.00000 to 11.60800 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 445.2 Ma

Collections (415 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Katian453.0 - 445.2China Ptychoceratodus donensis (211602)
Aeronian440.8 - 438.5Norway Pentlandia sp. (13845)
Wenlock - Silurian433.4 - 419.2USA (Wisconsin) Pentlandia glypta (13040 13069)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8USA (Wyoming) Uranolophus wyomingensis (153534)
Early/Lower Devonian419.2 - 393.3USA (Wyoming) Uranolophus wyomingense (26179)
Devonian419.2 - 358.9Australia (New South Wales) Chirodipterus potteri (136235 136236)
Devonian419.2 - 358.9Australia (Northern Territory) Harajicadipterus youngi (136238)
Devonian419.2 - 358.9Russian Federation (Siberia) Ichnomylax karatajae (135992)
Pragian - Early/Lower Emsian410.8 - 402.5Australia (Victoria) Ichnomylax kurnai (196799)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5China (Guangxi) Cathlorhynchus zengi (194743)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Germany Dipnorhynchus lehmanni (26904)
Early/Lower Emsian409.1 - 402.5Russian Federation Dipnoi indet. (35710 35711 35712 35749)
Zlichovian409.1 - 391.9Australia (New South Wales) Dipnorhynchus kurikae (203260)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Canada (Northwest Territories) Melanognathus canadensis (136240)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3China (Yunnan) Erikia jarviki (196749)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Russian Federation (Severnaya Zemlya) Tarachomylax oepiki (196699)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3USA (Wyoming) Uranolophus wyomingense (26176)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Australia (New South Wales) Cathlorhynchus trismodipterus (196452) Dipnorhynchus cathlesae (196715) Dipnorhynchus kiandrensis (196718)
Emsian407.6 - 393.3Canada (Northern Territories) Melanognathus sp. (233061)
Emsian - Eifelian407.6 - 387.7Canada (Yukon) Stomiahykus thlaodus (196745)