PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Kannemeyeriiformes

Osteichthyes - Anomodontia

Taxonomy

Kannemeyeriiformes was named by Huene (1948). It is not extant.

It was reranked as the unranked clade Kannemeyeriiformes by Kammerer et al. (2013), Maisch and Matzke (2014), Kammerer and Ordoñez (2021).

It was assigned to Dicynodontia by Fröbisch (2009), Kammerer et al. (2013), Maisch and Matzke (2014); and to Dicynodontoidea by Hancox et al. (2013), Kammerer and Ordoñez (2021).

Subtaxa

Angonisaurus, Brachybrachium, Brachybrachium brevipes, Calleonasus furvus, Cristonasus koltaeviensis, Dicynodon turpior, Dinodontosaurus, Elatosaurus facetus, Elephantosaurus, Kannemeyeriidae, Nasoplanites danilovi, Parvobestiola bashkiriensis, Repelinosaurus, Shansiodontidae, Stahleckeriidae (syn. Stahleckeriidae), Woznikella

Synonyms

Dicynodon turpior was named by Huene (1935). Its type specimen is GPIT unnumbered, a limb element (Humerus), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Baum-Sanga (excavation 42), Chiniquá, which is in a Ladinian terrestrial horizon in the Santa Maria Formation of Brazil.

It was recombined as Dinodontosaurus turpior by Cox (1965); it was considered a nomen dubium by Lucas and Harris (1996).
Brachybrachium was named by Williston (1904). Its type is Brachybrachium brevipes.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lucas and Hunt (1993), Kammerer et al. (2013).

It was assigned to Dicynodontidae by Hay (1930).
Brachybrachium brevipes was named by Williston (1904). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Little Popo Agie River, Williston 1904, which is in a Carnian terrestrial horizon in the Popo Agie Formation of Wyoming. It is the type species of Brachybrachium.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Lucas and Hunt (1993), Kammerer et al. (2013).
Calleonasus furvus was named by Kalandadze (1985) [Named by Kalandadze in Kalandadze & Sennikov 1985.]. Its type specimen is PIN 525/266, a partial skull (Left nasal), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Starokoltaevo II (Locality 9), which is in an Anisian channel sandstone in the Donguz Formation of the Russian Federation. It is the type species of Calleonasus.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Fröbisch (2009), Kammerer et al. (2013).
Elatosaurus facetus was named by Kalandadze (1985) [Named by Kalandadze in Kalandadze & Sennikov 1985.]. Its type specimen is PIN 2867/1, a partial skull (nasal), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Starokoltaevo III (Locality 10), which is in an Illyrian deltaic sandstone in the Donguz Formation of the Russian Federation. It is the type species of Elatosaurus.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Fröbisch (2009), Kammerer et al. (2013).
Parvobestiola bashkiriensis was named by Surkov (1999). Its type specimen is SGU 161/188, a partial skull (Partial skull roof), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Starokoltaevo III (Locality 10), which is in an Illyrian deltaic sandstone in the Donguz Formation of the Russian Federation. It is the type species of Parvobestiola.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Fröbisch (2009), Kammerer et al. (2013).
Cristonasus koltaeviensis was named by Surkov (1999). Its type specimen is SGU 161/29, a partial skull (Premaxilla), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Starokoltaevo III (Locality 10), which is in an Illyrian deltaic sandstone in the Donguz Formation of the Russian Federation. It is the type species of Cristonasus.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Fröbisch (2009), Kammerer et al. (2013).
Nasoplanites danilovi was named by Surkov (1999). Its type specimen is SGU 161/37, a partial skull (Premaxilla), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Starokoltaevo III (Locality 10), which is in an Illyrian deltaic sandstone in the Donguz Formation of the Russian Federation. It is the type species of Nasoplanites.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Fröbisch (2009), Kammerer et al. (2013).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1904	Brachybrachium Williston p. 694 fig. 5
1904	Brachybrachium brevipes Williston p. 694 fig. 5
1930	Brachybrachium Hay p. 63
1930	Brachybrachium brevipes Hay p. 63
1935	Dicynodon turpior Huene p. 76 figs. Pl. 10:6-18
1948	Kannemeyeriiformes Huene
1965	Dinodontosaurus turpior Cox
1985	Elatosaurus facetus Kalandadze
1985	Calleonasus furvus Kalandadze p. 80
1999	Cristonasus koltaeviensis Surkov
1999	Nasoplanites danilovi Surkov
1999	Parvobestiola bashkiriensis Surkov
2000	Calleonasus furvus Battail and Surkov
2000	Elatosaurus facetus Battail and Surkov
2003	Cristonasus koltaeviensis Tverdokhlebov et al.
2003	Parvobestiola bashkiriensis Tverdokhlebov et al.
2008	Calleonasus furvus Ivakhnenko
2008	Cristonasus koltaeviensis Ivakhnenko
2008	Elatosaurus facetus Ivakhnenko
2008	Nasoplanites danilovi Ivakhnenko
2008	Parvobestiola bashkiriensis Ivakhnenko
2009	Kannemeyeriiformes Fröbisch
2013	Kannemeyeriiformes Hancox et al. p. 656
2013	Kannemeyeriiformes Kammerer et al. p. 3
2014	Kannemeyeriiformes Maisch and Matzke p. 3
2021	Kannemeyeriiformes Kammerer and Ordoñez p. 29

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda

Rank	Name	Author
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
order	Anomodontia	Owen 1859
order	Dicynodontia	()
—	Dicynodontoidea	Cluver and King 1983
—	Kannemeyeriiformes	(Huene 1948)
—	Kannemeyeriiformes	(Huene 1948)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Kannemeyeriiformes Huene 1948

show all | hide all

G. †Angonisaurus Cox and Li 1983

†Angonisaurus cruickshanki Cox and Li 1983

G. †Dinodontosaurus Romer 1943

†Dinodontosaurus brevirostris Cox 1968

Invalid names: Chanaria platyceps Cox 1968 [synonym], Dinodontosaurus platygnathus Cox 1968 [synonym]

†Dinodontosaurus tener Huene 1935

Invalid names: Dinodontosaurus oliveirai Romer 1943 [synonym], Diodontosaurus pedroanum Tupi-Caldas 1936 [synonym]

G. †Elephantosaurus Vjuschkov 1969

†Elephantosaurus jachimovitschi Vjuschkov 1969

Fm. †Kannemeyeriidae Huene 1948

G. †Acratophorus Kammerer and Ordoñez 2021

†Acratophorus argentinensis Kammerer and Ordoñez 2021

Invalid names: Vinceria argentinensis Bonaparte 1965 [objective synonym], Vinceria vieja Domnanovich and Marsicano 2012 [objective synonym]

G. †Barysoma Cox 1965

G. †Chanaria Cox 1968

G. †Dolichuranus Keyser 1973

†Dolichuranus latirostris Crozier 1970

†Dolichuranus primaevus Keyser 1973

Invalid names: Rhopalorhinus etionensis Keyser 1973 [synonym]

Invalid names: Rhopalorhinus Keyser 1973 [synonym]

G. †Jacheleria Bonaparte 1971

G. †Kannemeyeria Seeley 1908

†Kannemeyeria aganosteus Kammerer and Ordoñez 2021

†Kannemeyeria lophorhinus Renaut et al. 2003

†Kannemeyeria simocephala Weithofer 1888

Invalid names: Kannemeyeria latifrons Broom 1899 [synonym], Kannemeyeria wilsoni Broom 1937 [objective synonym], Sagecephalus pachyrhynchus Jaekel 1911 [synonym]

G. †Parakannemeyeria Sun 1960

†Parakannemeyeria chengi Liu 2004

†Parakannemeyeria dolichocephala Sun 1960

†Parakannemeyeria ningwuensis Sun 1963

Invalid names: Parakannemeyeria xingxianensis Cheng 1980 [synonym]

†Parakannemeyeria shenmuensis Cheng 1980

†Parakannemeyeria youngi Sun 1963

G. †Rabidosaurus Kalandadze 1970

†Rabidosaurus cristatus Kalandadze 1970

G. †Rechnisaurus Chowdhury 1970

†Rechnisaurus cristarhynchus Chowdhury 1970

G. †Shaanbeikannemeyeria Cheng 1980

†Shaanbeikannemeyeria buerdongia Li 1980

†Shaanbeikannemeyeria xilougouensis Cheng 1980

Subfm. †Shansiodontinae Cox 1965

G. †Parvobestiola Surkov 1999

G. †Sinokannemeyeria Young 1937

†Sinokannemeyeria baidaoyuensis Liu 2015

†Sinokannemeyeria pearsoni Young 1937

†Sinokannemeyeria sanchuanheensis Cheng 1980

†Sinokannemeyeria yingchiaoensis Sun 1963

Subfm. †Sinokannemeyeriinae King 1988

G. †Cristonasus Surkov 1999

G. †Nasoplanites Surkov 1999

G. †Planitorostris Surkov 1999

†Planitorostris pechoriensis Surkov 1999

G. †Putillosaurus Surkov 2005

†Putillosaurus sennikovi Surkov 2005

G. †Rhadiodromus Efremov 1951

†Rhadiodromus klimovi Efremov 1940

Invalid names: Rhinocerocephalus cisuralensis Vjuschkov 1969 [synonym]

†Rhadiodromus mariae Surkov 2003

Invalid names: Rhinocerocephalus Vjuschkov 1969 [synonym]

G. †Uralokannemeyeria Danilov 1971

†Uralokannemeyeria vjuschkovi Danilov 1971

Invalid names: Edaxosaurus edentatus Kalandadze 1985 [synonym]

Invalid names: Edaxosaurus Kalandadze [synonym]

G. †Wadiasaurus Chowdhury 1970

†Wadiasaurus indicus Chowdhury 1970

G. †Xiyukannemeyeria Liu and Li 2003

†Xiyukannemeyeria brevirostris Sun 1978

G. †Repelinosaurus Olivier et al. 2019

†Repelinosaurus robustus Olivier et al. 2019

Fm. †Shansiodontidae Cox 1965

G. †Rhinodicynodon Kalandadze 1970

†Rhinodicynodon gracile Kalandadze 1970

G. †Shansiodon Yeh 1959

†Shansiodon wangi Yeh 1959

Invalid names: Shansiodon wupuensis Cheng 1980 [synonym]

†Shansiodon wuhsiangensis Yeh 1959

Invalid names: Shansiodon shaanbeiensis Cheng 1980 [synonym]

G. †Tetragonias Cruickshank 1967

†Tetragonias njalilus von Huene 1942

G. †Vinceria Bonaparte 1969

†Vinceria andina Bonaparte 1969

Fm. †Stahleckeriidae Cox 1965

Subfm. †Dinodontosaurinae Kalandadze 1973

G. †Elatosaurus Kalandadze 1985

Subfm. †Placeriinae King 1988

G. †Lisowicia Sulej and Niedźwiedzki 2019

†Lisowicia bojani Sulej and Niedźwiedzki 2019

G. †Moghreberia Dutuit 1980

†Moghreberia nmachouensis Dutuit 1980

Invalid names: Azarifeneria barrati Dutuit 1989 [synonym], Azarifeneria robustus Dutuit 1989 [synonym]

G. †Pentasaurus Kammerer 2018

†Pentasaurus goggai Kammerer 2018

G. †Placerias Lucas 1904

†Placerias hesternus Lucas 1904

Invalid names: Placerias gigas Camp and Welles 1956 [synonym]

Invalid names: Azarifeneria Dutuit 1989 [synonym]

G. †Zambiasaurus Cox 1969

†Zambiasaurus submersus Cox 1969

Subfm. †Stahleckeriinae Huene 1935

G. †Eubrachiosaurus Williston 1904

†Eubrachiosaurus browni Williston 1904

G. †Ischigualastia Cox 1962

†Ischigualastia jenseni Cox 1962

G. †Jachaleria Bonaparte 1971

†Jachaleria candelariensis Araujo and Gonzaga 1980

†Jachaleria colorata Bonaparte 1971

G. †Sangusaurus Cox 1969

†Sangusaurus edentatus Cox 1969

†Sangusaurus parringtonii Cruickshank 1986

G. †Stahleckeria Huene 1935

†Stahleckeria potens Huene 1935

Invalid names: Barysoma lenzii Romer and Price 1944 [synonym], Stahleckeria impotens Lucas 2002 [synonym]

G. †Sungeodon Maisch and Matzke 2014

†Sungeodon kimkraemerae Maisch and Matzke 2014

G. †Ufudocyclops Kammerer et al. 2019

†Ufudocyclops mukanelai Kammerer et al. 2019

Invalid names: Stahleckeriidae Cox 1965 [objective synonym]

G. †Woznikella Szczygielski and Sulej 2023

†Woznikella triradiata Szczygielski and Sulej 2023

Invalid names: Brachybrachium Williston 1904 [nomen dubium], Brachybrachium brevipes Williston 1904 [nomen dubium], Calleonasus furvus Kalandadze 1985 [nomen dubium], Cristonasus koltaeviensis Surkov 1999 [nomen dubium], Dicynodon turpior Huene 1935 [nomen dubium], Elatosaurus facetus Kalandadze 1985 [nomen dubium], Nasoplanites danilovi Surkov 1999 [nomen dubium], Parvobestiola bashkiriensis Surkov 1999 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

terrestrialuc

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Diet:

herbivoreo

Created:

2009-01-03 20:33:45

Modified:

2009-01-03 22:33:45

Source: o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Benton 1983, Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Griesbachian to the top of the Lacian or 251.90200 to 215.38000 Ma

Collections (147 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Griesbachian	251.902 - 250.5	China (Xinjiang)	Sungeodon kimkraemerae (173720)
Early/Lower Triassic	251.902 - 246.7	Laos	Repelinosaurus robustus (201493)
Early/Lower Triassic	251.902 - 246.7	South Africa (Eastern Cape)	Kannemeyeria wilsoni (196490)
Early/Lower Triassic - Middle Triassic	251.902 - 237.0	Argentina (La Rioja)	Kannemeyeriidae indet. (174112)
Olenekian	249.9 - 246.7	Russian Federation (Volgograd)	Putillosaurus sennikovi (27343)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	Russian Federation (Bashkortostan)	Calleonasus furvus (97414)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	South Africa (Free State)	Kannemeyeria sp. (171026)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	Antarctica	Angonisaurus sp. (135697) Kannemeyeriiformes indet., Kannemeyeriidae indet. (105296)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	China (Xinjiang)	Xiyukannemeyeria brevirostris (88066)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	Zambia (Eastern)	Zambiasaurus submersus, Kannemeyeria indet. (99437)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	India (Andhra Pradesh)	Rechnisaurus cristarhynchus (105238) Wadiasaurus indicus (105239)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	Namibia	Dolichuranus primaevus (99454 99468) Kannemeyeriidae indet. (99546) Rhopalorhinus etionensis, Kannemeyeria simocephalus (99453)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	China (Shaanxi)	Parakannemeyeria shenmuensis (143455) Shaanbeikannemeyeria xilougouensis (143450) Shansiodon shaanbeiensis (101171)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	Zambia	Kannemeyeria indet., Rechnisaurus cristarhynchus (99436) Kannemeyeriiformes indet. (185744)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	Tanzania (Ruvuma)	Angonisaurus cruickshanki (105699) Dicynodon njalilus (177602) Kannemeyeria latifrons (194382) Rechnisaurus cristarhynchus (143452) Sangusaurus parringtonii (196736 196737) Tetragonias njalilus (194380)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	China (Shanxi)	Kannemeyeridae indet. (101059 101062 101165 101167) Kannemeyeridae indet., Shansiodon wuhsiangensis (101061) Kannemeyeriidae indet. (168395) Parakannemeyeria sp. (101162 101164 101168) Parakannemeyeria sp., Parakannemeyeria dolichocephala, Parakannemeyeria ningwuensis (101166) Parakannemeyeria xingxianensis (143463) Shansiodon sp. (143469) Shansiodon sp., Kannemeyeridae indet. (101163) Shansiodon sp., Sinokannemeyeria pearsoni (92480) Shansiodon wangi (143467) Sinokannemeyeria pearsoni (101161 143471) Sinokannemeyeria sanchuanheensis (143462) Sinokannemeyeria sp., Parakannemeyeria youngi (143499) Sinokannemeyeria sp., Shansiodon wuhsiangensis (101169)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	Russian Federation (Orenburg)	Edaxosaurus edentatus, Uralokannemeyeria vjuschkovi (97410)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	South Africa	Kannemeyeria sp. (190131)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	South Africa (Eastern Cape)	Angonisaurus sp. (159734 159735) Dicynodon latifrons (177025) Dicynodon simocephalus (177022) Kannemeyeria simocephalus (92312 101957 101963 105295 197000) Kannemeyeria sp. (96329 144319) Kannemeyeriidae indet. (144122) Kannemeyeriiformes indet. (96327 159737 159738 159739) Shansiodon sp. (159736) Ufudocyclops mukanelai (221535)
Anisian	246.7 - 241.464	China (Nei Mongol)	Shaanbeikannemeyeria buerdongia (143449)
Anisian - Ladinian	246.7 - 237.0	China (Shanxi)	Parakannemeyeria sp., Sinokannemeyeria baidaoyuensis (175579)
Anisian - Ladinian	246.7 - 237.0	Namibia	Kannemeyeria sp. (99490) Kannemeyeriidae indet. (99550)
Middle Triassic	246.7 - 237.0	Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)	Stahleckeria impotens (196841)
Middle Triassic	246.7 - 237.0	China (Xinjiang)	Parakannemeyeria brevirostris (143379) Parakannemeyeria chengi (68023)
Middle Triassic	246.7 - 237.0	Argentina (La Rioja)	Stahleckeria potens (223841)
Illyrian	243.33 - 241.464	Russian Federation (Orenburg)	Lystrosaurus klimovi, Rabidosaurus cristatus (28850) Rhinodicynodon gracile, Rhadiodromus klimovi (93156)
Illyrian	243.33 - 241.464	Russian Federation (Bashkortostan)	Rhadiodromus klimovi, Elatosaurus facetus, Parvobestiola bashkiriensis, Cristonasus koltaeviensi, Nasoplanites danilovi, Rabidosaurus cristatus (97415)
Illyrian - Fassanian	243.33 - 239.48	Argentina (Mendoza)	Vinceria andina (101828)
Ladinian	241.464 - 237.0	Russian Federation (Bashkortostan)	Elephantosaurus jachimovitschi (79970)
Ladinian	241.464 - 237.0	Russian Federation (Komi)	Planitorostris pechoriensis (143195)
Ladinian	241.464 - 237.0	Argentina (La Rioja)	Chanaria platyceps, Dinodontosaurus brevirostris (105532) Dinodontosaurus platygnathus (105533)
Ladinian	241.464 - 237.0	Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)	Dicynodon tener (99420 99421) Dicynodon tener, Dicynodon turpior (72141 99413 99417) Dicynodon turpior (99368 99414 99415 99416 99418 99419 99422 105830) Dinodontosaurus oliveirai (105524) Dinodontosaurus pedroanum (93693 105604) Dinodontosaurus sp. (92809 99237) Dinodontosaurus turpior (105523 105525 105527) Stahleckeria lenzii, Dinodontosaurus turpior (36274) Stahleckeria potens (99363 99365) Stahleckeria potens, Dicynodon tener (48659) Stahleckeria potens, Dicynodon turpior (72140)
Ladinian - Julian	241.464 - 233.6	Argentina (Mendoza)	Kannemeyeria aganosteus (241289 241290) Rechnisaurus cristarhynchus (105242) Vinceria sp. (105243)
Ladinian - Carnian	241.464 - 227.3	Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)	Dinodontosaurus sp. (214440)
Ladinian - Carnian	241.464 - 227.3	Madagascar (Toliara)	Kannemeyeriidae indet. (96283)
Longobardian - Judithian	239.48 - 72.2	Argentina (La Rioja)	Dinodontosaurus platiceps, Dinodontosaurus brevirostris, Dinodontosaurus platygnathus (26092)
Julian	237.0 - 233.6	Argentina (Mendoza)	Kannemeyeria argentinensis, Vinceria vieja (98604)
Carnian	237.0 - 227.3	USA (North Carolina)	Placerias gigas (46567) Placerias hesternus (93614)
Carnian	237.0 - 227.3	USA (Wyoming)	Eubrachiosaurus browni, Brachybrachium brevipes (91591)
Carnian	237.0 - 227.3	Germany (Bayern)	Kannemeyeriiformes indet., Woznikella triradiata (124374)
Carnian	237.0 - 227.3	Poland (Slaskie)	Kannemeyeriiformes indet., Woznikella triradiata (110467)
Carnian	237.0 - 227.3	Morocco (Marrakech-Safi)	Azarifeneria barrati (175582) Moghreberia nmachouensis, Azarifeneria robustus, Azarifeneria barrati (58618)
Carnian - Rhaetian	237.0 - 201.4	Morocco (Marrakech)	Azarifeneria robustus, Dicynodontia indet. (34678)
Tuvalian	233.6 - 227.3	Argentina (San Juan)	Ischigualastia jenseni (34702) Ischigualastia sp. (24877)
Lacian	227.3 - 215.38	Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)	Jachaleria candelariensis (216280)
Norian	227.3 - 205.7	Argentina (San Juan)	Jachaleria colorata (105698)
Norian	227.3 - 205.7	Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)	Jachaleria candelariensis (99665)
Norian	227.3 - 205.7	USA (New Mexico)	Ischigualastia sp. (93613 93616)
Norian	227.3 - 205.7	USA (Arizona)	Placerias gigas (39160) Placerias hesternus (93500 93541 93544) Placerias sp. (52499 84264 92322 92821 93117 93118 93127)
Norian - Rhaetian	227.3 - 201.4	South Africa (Eastern Cape)	Pentasaurus goggai (36610)
Norian - Rhaetian	227.3 - 201.4	Poland (Slaskie)	Lisowicia bojani (85500)